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Klim EB, Mestrinho LA, Gawor JP. A Retrospective Study of Ectopic Eruption in 35 Dogs. J Vet Dent 2022; 40:174-180. [PMID: 36503317 DOI: 10.1177/08987564221141989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ectopic eruption results from a disturbance in tooth development and eruption, leading to an erupted or non-erupted tooth being in an unexpected anatomical location. This retrospective case series describes the location, position, form, and clinical signs associated with ectopic eruption in dogs. Thirty-five dogs (46 teeth) were diagnosed with ectopic eruption at three clinical practices during 2017-2020. The cases were described in terms of the location, the development and eruption status, the clinical signs, the consequences, and the treatment performed. The collected data were statistically analyzed to establish possible ramifications. The results showed that the ectopic eruption in the evaluated cases involved permanent teeth, mainly located in the maxilla, and mostly unerupted. Those located in the mandible were significantly more impacted than those located in the maxilla. This study concluded that tooth crowding and malocclusion (39.1%), facial swelling (8.6%), and periodontal disease (8.6%) were associated with the presence of ectopic eruption, and consequently, treatment was required in the majority (65.2%) of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Alexandra Mestrinho
- CIISA, Centro de Investigação interdisciplinar em sanidade animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Poland
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Bach A, Parry A, Lacerda RP, Gomez AP. Nasolacrimal duct disease secondary to an unerupted tooth in a dog. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Bach
- Primary Care Willows Veterinary Centre & Referral Service Solihull West Midlands UK
| | - Andrew Parry
- Diagnostic Imaging Willows Veterinary Centre & Referral Service Solihull West Midlands UK
| | | | - Alberto Palella Gomez
- Ophthalmology Willows Veterinary Centre & Referral Service Solihull West Midlands UK
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Niemiec B, Gawor J, Nemec A, Clarke D, McLeod K, Tutt C, Gioso M, Steagall PV, Chandler M, Morgenegg G, Jouppi R. World Small Animal Veterinary Association Global Dental Guidelines. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:E36-E161. [PMID: 32715504 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental, oral, and maxillofacial diseases are some of the most common problems in small animal veterinary practice. These conditions create significant pain as well as localized and potentially systemic infection. As such, the World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) believes that un- and under treated oral and dental diseases pose a significant animal welfare concern. Dentistry is an area of veterinary medicine which is still widely ignored and is subject to many myths and misconceptions. Effective teaching of veterinary dentistry in the veterinary school is the key to progression in this field of veterinary medicine, and to the improvement of welfare for all our patients globally. These guidelines were developed to provide veterinarians with the information required to understand best practices for dental therapy and create realistic minimum standards of care. Using the three-tiered continuing education system of WSAVA, the guidelines make global equipment and therapeutic recommendations and highlight the anaesthetic and welfare requirements for small animal patients. This document contains information on common oral and dental pathologies, diagnostic procedures (an easily implementable and repeatable scoring system for dental health, dental radiography and radiology) and treatments (periodontal therapy, extractions). Further, there are sections on anaesthesia and pain management for dental procedures, home dental care, nutritional information, and recommendations on the role of the universities in improving veterinary dentistry. A discussion of the deleterious effects of anaesthesia free dentistry (AFD) is included, as this procedure is ineffective at best and damaging at worst. Throughout the document the negative effects of undiagnosed and/or treated dental disease on the health and well-being of our patients, and how this equates to an animal welfare issue, is discussed.
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Bellei E, Ferro S, Zini E, Gracis M. A Clinical, Radiographic and Histological Study of Unerupted Teeth in Dogs and Cats: 73 Cases (2001-2018). Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:357. [PMID: 31788479 PMCID: PMC6856145 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of dental eruption may be accompanied by development of dentigerous cysts and has also been rarely associated with neoplasia. However, little information is available on prevalence of unerupted teeth and associated lesions in dogs and cats. The main objective of this study was to describe the epidemiologic data of canine and feline dental patients with unerupted teeth, and assess the prevalence of associated dentigerous cysts and tumors. Secondary aims included the evaluation of possible factors implicated in cystic development, and description of the histological features of dentigerous cysts. Medical and dental records, intraoral photographs, intraoral radiographs of client-owned dogs and cats with clinically missing teeth examined between 2001 and March 2018 were reviewed. Collected data included signalment, reason for presentation, number, type, depth of inclusion and angulation of unerupted teeth, presence of cystic lesions or tumors, abnormalities affecting involved teeth, histopathological findings, performed treatment and outcome. Seventy-three animals (69 dogs and 4 cats) with 113 unerupted teeth were included. The most frequent unerupted tooth in dogs was the first premolar teeth (78%), followed by the canine and third molar teeth. Dentigerous cysts were diagnosed associated with 48 (44.4%) teeth in dogs and one out of five unerupted teeth in cats. The affected teeth in dogs were predominantly in horizontal inclination (40%) and in soft tissue inclusion (77%). Brachycephalic canine breeds were overrepresented. The only unerupted tooth in boxer dogs was the first premolar tooth (32 teeth). Ninety percentage of boxers with unerupted teeth developed associated lesions (25 dentigerous cysts and one tumor). Two ameloblastomas (one in a dog and one in a cat) and one osteosarcoma (in a dog) were diagnosed in association with three unerupted teeth. Histology was essential in diagnosing two odontogenic cysts not evident on radiographs. In all cases that were followed-up, treatment (i.e., extraction, extraction and surgical curettage, or operculectomy) appeared successful. Untreated dentigerous cysts showed progression at re-examination. None of the unerupted teeth without evidence of cyst at the time of diagnosis showed incipient cystic development. None of the evaluated factors were associated with lack of eruption and/or development of associated lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Bellei
- Department of Veterinary Medical Science, Alma Mater Studiorum-Bologna University, Bologna, Italy.,"I Portoni Rossi" Veterinary Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Ferro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Eric Zini
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - Margherita Gracis
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Novara, Italy.,Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, San Siro Veterinary Clinic, Milan, Italy
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Extraction of Unerupted Maxillary Canine Teeth in a Maned Wolf ( Chrysocyon brachyurus). Case Rep Vet Med 2016; 2016:2827647. [PMID: 29955413 PMCID: PMC6005292 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2827647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this case report is to describe the diagnosis and treatment of unerupted canine teeth in a maned wolf. After physical examination, complete blood count, and serum biochemical profile, the animal underwent general anesthesia and head radiography was performed to confirm the diagnosis. The treatment consisted of the extraction of both maxillary canine teeth and clinical and radiographic follow-up of the right mandibular canine tooth.
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Lewis JR, Tsugawa AJ, Reiter AM. Use of CO2 Laser as an Adjunctive Treatment for Caudal Stomatitis in a Cat. J Vet Dent 2016; 24:240-9. [DOI: 10.1177/089875640702400406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lasers have become a popular tool in veterinary practice, particularly the carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. In humans, the CO2 laser is used most commonly in oral and maxillofacial soft tissue surgery due to its favorable interactions with oral soft tissues. Other types of lasers are better suited for use on hard tissues such as enamel and dentin. This article reviews the history of laser use, physics of laser-tissue interaction, delivery systems, and laser types used in dentistry and oral surgery. This is followed by a case report describing the use of CO2 laser as an adjunctive treatment for therapy of refractory caudal stomatitis in a cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Lewis
- From the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6010. Dr. Tsugawa's current address is California Animal Hospital, Veterinary Specialty Group, 1736 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Los Angeles, CA. 90025
| | - Anson J. Tsugawa
- From the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6010. Dr. Tsugawa's current address is California Animal Hospital, Veterinary Specialty Group, 1736 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Los Angeles, CA. 90025
| | - Alexander M. Reiter
- From the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6010. Dr. Tsugawa's current address is California Animal Hospital, Veterinary Specialty Group, 1736 S. Sepulveda Blvd., Los Angeles, CA. 90025
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Domnick ED. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. Impaction of the right mandibular canine tooth. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015; 245:281-3. [PMID: 25029304 DOI: 10.2460/javma.245.3.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ellen D Domnick
- Neel Veterinary and Emergency Hospital, 2700 N MacArthur Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73127
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Abstract
Soft tissue impaction occurs when erupting teeth fail to penetrate the overlying gingiva. This has been attributed to abnormally dense, fibrous, gingival tissue. However, soft tissue tooth impaction has been reported in humans with histologically normal overlying gingiva and may be the result of a failure of normal breakdown of overlying tissue. This case report describes soft tissue impaction of multiple teeth in a dog with histologically normal overlying gingiva. The impactions were treated with multiple operculectomies that resulted in subsequent eruption of all impacted teeth.
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Snyder CJ, Soukup JW, Gengler WR. Imaging and management of a caudal mandibular fracture in an immature dog. J Vet Dent 2009; 26:97-105. [PMID: 19718973 DOI: 10.1177/089875640902600204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Interfragmentary wire surgical technique was used to repair a caudal mandibular fracture in a 15-week-old Labrador Retriever dog. Computed tomographic imaging aided the diagnosis and treatment planning for the application of this method. Abnormal tooth development of caudal molar teeth was related to the traumatic event and/or surgical technique. The strategically important mandibular first molar tooth was maintained. The fracture fixation method used in this case provided early return to function and radiographic evidence of expected fracture healing during a 10-month period despite wire displacement secondary to tooth eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Snyder
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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