Atypical penile Mondor's disease - involvement of the circumflex vein

Penile Mondor's Disease Resulting From Forceful Condom Removal During Sexual Intercourse: A Case Report and Literature Review

Penile Mondor's disease, or dorsal vein thrombophlebitis, is vital for urologists to recognize. It causes pain and hardening in the penis due to triggers like trauma or neoplasms. Distinguishing it from similar conditions such as sclerosing lymphangitis and Peyronie's disease is crucial. Penile Doppler ultrasound is the preferred diagnostic method. Providing reassurance can ease patient anxiety. This case report highlights a unique occurrence following forceful condom removal during sex, detailing symptoms, diagnosis, and successful treatment.

COVID-19 infection as a new risk factor for penile Mondor disease

Background

Penile Mondor disease is a superficial dorsal vein thrombophlebitis of the penis, which mainly affects young and middle-aged men. It generally manifests as a visible painful cord located along the dorsal surface of the penis with signs of skin inflammation. The condition is usually self-limiting, but in severe cases a surgical procedure may be necessary in addition to pharmacological treatment. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a frequent incidence of thrombophilia; therefore, such a prothrombotic state during infection may be a significant risk factor for penile Mondor disease.

Case presentation

The 34-year-old patient reported moderate pain felt on the surface of the penis. During the medical interview, the patient did not admit significant risk factors for Mondor Disease, apart from the previous, a month earlier COVID-19 disease. Examination revealed swelling erythema and a thick indurated cord on the surface of the penis. Color Doppler ultrasound was performed to confirm assumptions and exclude thrombosis of other penile vessels. Based on visible clots in the course of the superficial penile vein and after exclusion of vasculitis due to autoimmune disease the diagnosis of penile Mondor disease was made. Pharmacological therapy was implemented to further break down the clot and prevent rethrombosis in the penile vessels. The patient did not report any treatment complications and returned for a control visit, which revealed complete clot dissolution on ultrasound; therefore, complete recovery was stated.

Conclusions

This case report presents the correlation between SARS-Cov-2 infection and penile Mondor disease, based on the confirmed influence of COVID-19 on the pathophysiology of thrombosis. It can be concluded that COVID- 19 is a risk factor for Mondor disease, as in the presented case the virus was the only prothrombotic risk factor for the patient. Consequently, the possibility of developing thrombosis in the form of penile Mondor disease should be taken into account among patients with post-COVID-19 and active SARS-Cov-2 infection.

Atypical manifestations of recent syphilis: study of 19 cases

Background

Syphilis is one of the most common diseases that start with genital ulcers. Aside from the initial, classic ulcerative lesion of syphilis, called hard chancre, atypical presentations are common, with erosions, erythema, edema, balanitis, and other dermatological manifestations. Associated with initial genital lesions, the presence of inguinal adenopathies is frequent, and the presence of hardened and painless lymphangitis on the dorsum of the penis is rare.

Objectives

To describe atypical penile manifestations in patients with early syphilis.

Methods

The present study reports patients who developed cord-like lesions on the penis.

Results

The study included 25 patients with cord-like lesions on the penis; in 19 of those, the diagnosis of syphilis was confirmed.

Study limitations

Small number of patients included.

Conclusions

In view of the findings of the present investigation, it is important to emphasize that all patients who present with cord-like lesions on the penis must undergo a rapid test for syphilis, VDRL, serologies for HIV viral hepatitis B and C and, whenever possible, histopathological and Doppler exams.

Trauma on a Recently Augmented Breast as a Trigger for Mondor's Disease

Mondor's disease is the eponym used to describe a self-limited phlebitis or thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins localized mainly on the thoracoabdominal area of the human body. Its clinical manifestation includes painful superficial cords causing skin retraction. This medical condition could be idiopathic, iatrogenic or a manifestation of underlying pathology such as breast cancer and seems to be more common than has been previously thought. The vast majority of the clinical studies and case reports to date focus on Mondor's disease as a disorder which is more or less directly related to a previous surgical intervention. In this case report, the author discusses the possible role of breast surgery as a predisposing factor only and the trauma on the operated breast as a trigger for onset and earlier manifestation of Mondor's disease. A special emphasis is put on the importance of trauma prevention in breast augmentation surgery, especially when maneuvers like postoperative massages are considered.Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Mondor's Disease: A Review of the Literature

Mondor's disease (MD) is a rare disease that manifests with a palpable cord-like induration on the body surface. In general, MD is a self-limited, benign thrombophlebitis that resolves in four to eight weeks without any specific treatment. Cases of MD can be roughly categorized into three different groups based on the site of the lesion as follows: original MD of the anterolateral thoracoabdominal wall, penile MD with dorsum and dorsolateral aspects of the penis, and axillary web syndrome with mid-upper arm after axillary surgery. The diagnosis of MD is rather straightforward and based on a physical examinations. However, some case occur "secondary" with another underlying disease, including malignancy, a hypercoagulative state, and vasculitis. Therefore, it is critical to identify MD precisely, evaluate any possible underlying disease, and avoid any unnecessary invasive tests or treatment. In this paper, we comprehensively review the clinical characteristics of MD.

Case for diagnosis. Atypical genital lesion

We present a case of a penile lesion with a clinical appearance similar to Mondor penile disease (thrombosis of the dorsal vein of the penis) or penile sclerosing lymphangitis. Laboratory evaluation, however, showed a solid lesion, with no vascular component to Doppler ultrasonography and no treponema to immunohistochemistry. Histological and serological tests were compatible with secondary syphilis. The authors reinforce the need for the inclusion of syphilis in the differential diagnosis of penile cord injuries.