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Obaid AA, Almasmoum H, Almaimani RA, El-Boshy M, Aslam A, Idris S, Ghaith MM, El-Readi MZ, Ahmad J, Farrash WF, Mujalli A, Eid SY, Elzubier ME, Refaat B. Vitamin D and calcium co-therapy mitigates pre-established cadmium nephropathy by regulating renal calcium homeostatic molecules and improving anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities in rat. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127221. [PMID: 37244046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium (Cd) is a major environmental pollutant and chronic toxicity could induce nephropathy by increasing renal oxidative stress and inflammation. Although vitamin D (VD) and calcium (Ca) prophylactic treatments attenuated Cd-induced cell injury, none of the prior studies measure their renoprotective effects against pre-established Cd-nephropathy. AIMS To measure the alleviating effects of VD and/or Ca single and dual therapies against pre-established nephrotoxicity induced by chronic Cd toxicity prior to treatment initiation. METHODS Forty male adult rats were allocated into: negative controls (NC), positive controls (PC), Ca, VD and VC groups. The study lasted for eight weeks and all animals, except the NC, received CdCl2 in drinking water (44 mg/L) throughout the study. Ca (100 mg/kg) and/or VD (350 IU/kg) were given (five times/week) during the last four weeks to the designated groups. Subsequently, the expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), VD synthesising (Cyp27b1) and catabolizing (Cyp24a1) enzymes with VD receptor (VDR) and binding protein (VDBP) was measured in renal tissues. Similarly, renal expression of Ca voltage-dependent channels (CaV1.1/CaV3.1), store-operated channels (RyR1/ITPR1), and binding proteins (CAM/CAMKIIA/S100A1/S100B) were measured. Serum markers of renal function alongside several markers of oxidative stress (MDA/H2O2/GSH/GPx/CAT) and inflammation (IL-6/TNF-α/IL-10) together with renal cell apoptosis and expression of caspase-3 were also measured. RESULTS The PC group exhibited hypovitaminosis D, hypocalcaemia, hypercalciuria, proteinuria, reduced creatinine clearance, and increased renal apoptosis/necrosis with higher caspase-3 expression. Markers of renal tissue damage (TGF-β1/iNOS/NGAL/KIM-1), oxidative stress (MDA/H2O2), and inflammation (TNF-α/IL-1β/IL-6) increased, whilst the antioxidants (GSH/GPx/CAT) and IL-10 decreased, in the PC group. The PC renal tissues also showed abnormal expression of Cyp27b1, Cyp24a1, VDR, and VDBP, alongside Ca-membranous (CaV1.1/CaV3.1) and store-operated channels (RyR1/ITPR1) and cytosolic Ca-binding proteins (CAM/CAMKIIA/S100A1/S100B). Although VD was superior to Ca monotherapy, their combination revealed the best mitigation effects by attenuating serum and renal tissue Cd concentrations, inflammation and oxidative stress, alongside modulating the expression of VD/Ca-molecules. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to show improved alleviations against Cd-nephropathy by co-supplementing VD and Ca, possibly by better regulation of Ca-dependent anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Obaid
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Almasmoum
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Boshy
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Akhmed Aslam
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Idris
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Z El-Readi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 71524, Egypt
| | - Jawwad Ahmad
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Mujalli
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safaa Y Eid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E Elzubier
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem Refaat
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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La-Up A, Mahasakpan P, Saengow U. The current status of osteoporosis after 15 years of reduced cadmium exposure among residents living in cadmium-contaminated areas in northwestern Thailand. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20121-20127. [PMID: 33405123 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of osteoporosis after 15 years of reduced cadmium exposure and to determine the association between urinary cadmium (U-Cd) and osteoporosis. The study was conducted with 937 participants (109 males, 828 females) living in a cadmium-contaminated area in northwestern Thailand. All participants were required to respond to a questionnaire. Bone mineral density (BMD) was investigated by measurements taken at the calcaneus by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. U-Cd, which reflects the amount of cadmium contained in the body, was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The geometric mean of U-Cd was significantly higher in males than in females (p < 0.001). The mean level of BMD for females was found to be statistically significantly lower than that for males (p < 0.001). Increasing U-Cd levels were correlated with decreasing levels of BMD. The association between U-Cd and osteoporosis appeared to exist only at concentrations of U-Cd ≥ 10 μg/g creatinine (OR = 2.7, 95% CI = 1.2-5.9). It can be concluded that despite discontinued or reduced cadmium exposure for more than 10 years, the effect of cadmium toxicity on bone, which is stronger in women, continues, as cadmium, once absorbed, will accumulate in the human body for a long time due to its extremely long half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroon La-Up
- School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand.
| | | | - Udomsak Saengow
- School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Tulinska J, Masanova V, Liskova A, Mikusova ML, Rollerova E, Krivosikova Z, Stefikova K, Uhnakova I, Ursinyova M, Babickova J, Babelova A, Busova M, Tothova L, Wsolova L, Dusinska M, Sojka M, Horvathova M, Alacova R, Vecera Z, Mikuska P, Coufalik P, Krumal K, Capka L, Docekal B. Six-week inhalation of CdO nanoparticles in mice: The effects on immune response, oxidative stress, antioxidative defense, fibrotic response, and bones. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 136:110954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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El-Boshy M, Refaat B, Almaimani RA, Abdelghany AH, Ahmad J, Idris S, Almasmoum H, Mahbub AA, Ghaith MM, BaSalamah MA. Vitamin D 3 and calcium cosupplementation alleviates cadmium hepatotoxicity in the rat: Enhanced antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions by remodeling cellular calcium pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22440. [PMID: 31926057 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although vitamin D (VD) and calcium (Ca) attenuate cadmium (Cd) metabolism, their combined antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions against Cd toxicity have not been previously explored. Hence, this study measured the protective effects of VD ± Ca supplements against Cd hepatotoxicity. Forty adult male rats were distributed to: negative controls (NCs), positive controls (PCs), VD, Ca, and VD3 and Ca (VDC) groups. All groups, except NC, received CdCl2 in drinking water (44 mg/L) for 4 weeks individually or concurrently with intramuscular VD3 (600 IU/kg; three times per week) and/or oral Ca (100 mg/kg; five times per week). The PC group showed abnormal hepatic biochemical parameters and increase in cellular cytochrome C, caspase-9, and caspase-3 alongside the apoptotic/necrotic cell numbers by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling technique. The PC hepatic tissue also had substantially elevated pro-oxidants (malondialdehyde [MDA]/H2 O2 /protein carbonyls) and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β [IL-1β]/IL-6/IL17A/tumor necrosis factor-α), whereas the anti-inflammatory (IL-10/IL-22) and antioxidants (glutathione [GSH]/GPx/catalase enzyme [CAT]) markers declined. Hypovitaminosis D, low hepatic tissue Ca, aberrant hepatic expression of VD-metabolizing enzymes (Cyp2R1/Cyp27a1/cyp24a1), receptor and binding protein alongside Ca-membrane (CaV 1.1/CaV 3.1), and store-operated (RyR1/ITPR1) channels, and Ca-binding proteins (CAM/CAMKIIA/S100A1/S100B) were observed in the PC group. Both monotherapies decreased serum, but not tissue Cd levels, restored the targeted hepatic VD/Ca molecules' expression. However, these effects were more prominent in the VD group than the Ca group. The VDC group, contrariwise, disclosed the greatest alleviations on serum and tissue Cd, inflammatory and oxidative markers, the VD/Ca molecules and tissue integrity. In conclusion, this report is the first to reveal boosted protection for cosupplementing VD and Ca against Cd hepatotoxicity that could be due to enhanced antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and modulation of the Ca pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Boshy
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Clinical Pathology, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Bassem Refaat
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelghany H Abdelghany
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Jawwad Ahmad
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Idris
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Almasmoum
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A Mahbub
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A BaSalamah
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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