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Liu J, Duangjan C, Irwin RW, Curran SP. WDR23 mediates NRF2 proteostasis and cytoprotective capacity in the hippocampus. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 218:111914. [PMID: 38301772 PMCID: PMC10939789 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are characterized by chronic neuroinflammation and the accumulation of dysfunctional or misfolded proteins that lead to progressive neuronal cell death. Here we demonstrate that a murine model with global loss of the CUL4-DDB1 substrate receptor WDR23 (Wdr23KO) results in changes in multiple age-related hippocampal-dependent behaviors. The behavioral differences observed in Wdr23KO animals accompany the stabilization of the NRF2/NFE2L2 protein, an increase in RNA transcripts regulated by this cytoprotective transcription factor, and an increase in the steady state level of antioxidant defense proteins. Taken together, these findings reveal a role for WDR23-proteostasis in mediating cytoprotective capacity in the hippocampus and reveal the potential for targeting WDR23-NRF2 signaling interactions for development of therapies for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Liu
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Chatrawee Duangjan
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ronald W Irwin
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Sean P Curran
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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2
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Azargoonjahromi A, Abutalebian F, Hoseinpour F. The role of resveratrol in neurogenesis: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae025. [PMID: 38511504 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Resveratrol (RV) is a natural compound found in grapes, wine, berries, and peanuts and has potential health benefits-namely, neurogenesis improvement. Neurogenesis, which is the process through which new neurons or nerve cells are generated in the brain, occurs in the subventricular zone and hippocampus and is influenced by various factors. RV has been shown to increase neural stem cell proliferation and survival, improving cognitive function in hippocampus-dependent tasks. Thus, to provide a convergent and unbiased conclusion of the available evidence on the correlation between the RV and neurogenesis, a systematic review needs to be undertaken meticulously and with appropriate attention. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically review any potential connection between the RV and neurogenesis in animal models. DATA SOURCES AND EXTRACTION Based on the particular selection criteria, 8 original animal studies that investigated the relationship between RV and neurogenesis were included. Studies written in English and published in peer-reviewed journals with no restrictions on the starting date of publication on August 17, 2023, were searched in the Google Scholar and PubMed databases. Furthermore, data were extracted and analyzed independently by 2 researchers and then reviewed by a third researcher, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. This project followed PRISMA reporting standards. DATA ANALYSIS In the studies analyzed in this review, there is a definite correlation between RV and neurogenesis, meaning that RV intake, irrespective of the mechanisms thereof, can boost neurogenesis in both the subventricular zone and hippocampus. CONCLUSION This finding, albeit with some limitations, provides a plausible indication of RV's beneficial function in neurogenesis. Indeed, RV intake may result in neurogenesis benefits-namely, cognitive function, mood regulation, stress resilience, and neuroprotection, potentially preventing cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Abutalebian
- Department of Biotechnology and Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Tehran Central Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hoseinpour
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Semnan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Semnan, Iran
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Monsalvo-Maraver LA, Ovalle-Noguez EA, Nava-Osorio J, Maya-López M, Rangel-López E, Túnez I, Tinkov AA, Tizabi Y, Aschner M, Santamaría A. Interactions Between the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System, Nrf2, and the Cannabinoidome as Protective Strategies to Combat Neurodegeneration: Review on Experimental Evidence. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:18. [PMID: 38393521 PMCID: PMC10891226 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00694-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are chronic brain diseases that affect humans worldwide. Although many different factors are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of these disorders, alterations in several key elements such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway, and the endocannabinoid system (ECS or endocannabinoidome) have been implicated in their etiology. Impairment of these elements has been linked to the origin and progression of neurodegenerative disorders, while their potentiation is thought to promote neuronal survival and overall neuroprotection, as proved with several experimental models. These key neuroprotective pathways can interact and indirectly activate each other. In this review, we summarize the neuroprotective potential of the UPS, ECS, and Nrf2 signaling, both separately and combined, pinpointing their role as a potential therapeutic approach against several hallmarks of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Angel Monsalvo-Maraver
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Enid A Ovalle-Noguez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jade Nava-Osorio
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marisol Maya-López
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Edgar Rangel-López
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, S.S.A., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isaac Túnez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Maimonides de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Universidad de Córdoba, Red Española de Excelencia en Estimulación Cerebral (REDESTIM), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Abel Santamaría
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, C.U. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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4
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Lal R, Dharavath RN, Chopra K. Nrf2 Signaling Pathway: a Potential Therapeutic Target in Combating Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity in Chemotherapy-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:593-608. [PMID: 37644279 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is one of the major adverse effects of antineoplastic drugs, which decrease the quality of life in cancer survivors. Extensive experimental and clinical research suggests that chemotherapeutic drugs generate an enormous amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and neuronal death, eventually leading to CICI. Despite the progress in exploring different pathological mechanisms of CICI, effective treatment to prevent CICI progression has not been developed yet. Nrf2 is the principal transcription factor that regulates cellular redox balance and inflammation-related gene expression. Emerging evidence suggests that upregulation of Nrf2 and its target genes could suppress oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, restore BBB integrity, and increase neurogenesis. This review discusses the role of Nrf2 in CICI, how it responds to oxidative stress, inflammation, neurotoxicity, and potential Nrf2 activators that could be used to enhance Nrf2 activation in CICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Lal
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ravinder Naik Dharavath
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Moubarak MM, Pagano Zottola AC, Larrieu CM, Cuvellier S, Daubon T, Martin OCB. Exploring the multifaceted role of NRF2 in brain physiology and cancer: A comprehensive review. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdad160. [PMID: 38221979 PMCID: PMC10785770 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdad160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of brain malignancies due to the high rate of brain oxygen utilization and concomitant production of reactive oxygen species. The nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of antioxidant signaling, is a key factor in regulating brain physiology and the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Also, NRF2 is known to exert a protective antioxidant effect against the onset of oxidative stress-induced diseases, including cancer, along with its pro-oncogenic activities through regulating various signaling pathways and downstream target genes. In glioblastoma (GB), grade 4 glioma, tumor resistance, and recurrence are caused by the glioblastoma stem cell population constituting a small bulk of the tumor core. The persistence and self-renewal capacity of these cell populations is enhanced by NRF2 expression in GB tissues. This review outlines NRF2's dual involvement in cancer and highlights its regulatory role in human brain physiology and diseases, in addition to the development of primary brain tumors and therapeutic potential, with a focus on GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya M Moubarak
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Daubon
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
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Bautista-Perez SM, Silva-Islas CA, Sandoval-Marquez OU, Toledo-Toledo J, Bello-Martínez JM, Barrera-Oviedo D, Maldonado PD. Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Garlic in Ischemic Stroke: Proposal of a New Mechanism of Protection through Regulation of Neuroplasticity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2126. [PMID: 38136245 PMCID: PMC10740829 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke represents one of the main causes of death and disability in the world; despite this, pharmacological therapies against stroke remain insufficient. Ischemic stroke is the leading etiology of stroke. Different molecular mechanisms, such as excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation, participate in cell death and tissue damage. At a preclinical level, different garlic compounds have been evaluated against these mechanisms. Additionally, there is evidence supporting the participation of garlic compounds in other mechanisms that contribute to brain tissue recovery, such as neuroplasticity. After ischemia, neuroplasticity is activated to recover cognitive and motor function. Some garlic-derived compounds and preparations have shown the ability to promote neuroplasticity under physiological conditions and, more importantly, in cerebral damage models. This work describes damage/repair mechanisms and the importance of garlic as a source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents against damage. Moreover, we examine the less-explored neurotrophic properties of garlic, culminating in proposals and observations based on our review of the available information. The aim of the present study is to propose that garlic compounds and preparations could contribute to the treatment of ischemic stroke through their neurotrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Monserrat Bautista-Perez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.M.B.-P.); (J.M.B.-M.); (D.B.-O.)
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
| | - Carlos Alfredo Silva-Islas
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
| | - Oscar Uriel Sandoval-Marquez
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
| | - Jesús Toledo-Toledo
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital General de Zona #30, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 08300, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Bello-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.M.B.-P.); (J.M.B.-M.); (D.B.-O.)
- Departamento Cirugía General, Hospital Central Militar, Mexico City 11600, Mexico
| | - Diana Barrera-Oviedo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.M.B.-P.); (J.M.B.-M.); (D.B.-O.)
| | - Perla D. Maldonado
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (S.M.B.-P.); (J.M.B.-M.); (D.B.-O.)
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular Cerebral, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (C.A.S.-I.); (O.U.S.-M.); (J.T.-T.)
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7
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Sarhan NR, El Nashar EM, Hamza E, El-Beah SM, Alghamdi MA, Al-Khater KM, Aldahhan RA, Abul-Ela ES. Nuclear factor erythrogen-2 associated factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling is an essential molecular pathway for the anti-aging effect of whey protein in the prefrontal cortex of aging rat model (Histological and Biochemical Study). Tissue Cell 2023; 84:102192. [PMID: 37579617 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a highly complicated natural process. Brain aging is associated with remarkable neurodegenerative changes and oxidative damage. Whey protein (WP) has been mentioned to have an antioxidant property. Nuclear factor erythrogen-2 associated factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is an antioxidant defense system. Nrf2 activity declines with age so, its activation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for aging. This study aimed to explore the anti-aging role of WP against D-galactose (D-gal) induced age-related degenerative changes and oxidative damage in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and investigate its underlying mechanisms. Forty adult male rats were divided into 4 groups; control, WP group received WP (28.77 mg/kg/day) by gastric tube on the 4th experimental week; D-gal (model group) received D-gal (300 mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally for 8 weeks and D-gal +WP group received WP on the 4th week of D-gal treatment. Specimens from PFC were obtained for biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical and western blot analysis. WP treatment in D-gal +WP group reduced lipid peroxidation, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, decreased advanced glycation end products level and improved the histological and ultrastructural alterations. Moreover, the number of neurons expressed the senescence marker; p21 and percentage area of the astrocytic marker; glial fibrillary acidic protein were significantly reduced. WP also enhanced Nrf2 pathway and its downstream targets; heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1. In conclusion WP alleviates the D-gal-induced PFC aging through activating Nrf2 pathway, reducing cell senescence and gliosis. So, it may be a potential therapeutic target to retard the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Reda Sarhan
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University - Egypt.
| | - Eman Mohamed El Nashar
- Department of Anatomy, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Hamza
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University - Egypt
| | - Shimaa M El-Beah
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, college of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood Mohammed Al-Khater
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box, 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid A Aldahhan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box, 2114, Dammam 31451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Shaaban Abul-Ela
- Medical Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Chen WT, Dodson M. The untapped potential of targeting NRF2 in neurodegenerative disease. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1270838. [PMID: 37840813 PMCID: PMC10569223 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1270838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Since its initial discovery almost three decades ago, the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has been shown to regulate a host of downstream transcriptional responses and play a critical role in preventing or promoting disease progression depending on the context. Critically, while the importance of proper nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 function has been demonstrated across a variety of pathological settings, the ability to progress NRF2-targeted therapeutics to clinic has remained frustratingly elusive. This is particularly true in the case of age-related pathologies, where nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 is a well-established mitigator of many of the observed pathogenic effects, yet options to target this pathway remain limited. Along these lines, loss of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 function has clearly been shown to enhance neuropathological outcomes, with enhancing nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway activation to prevent neurodegenerative/neurological disease progression continuing to be an active area of interest. One critical obstacle in generating successful therapeutics for brain-related pathologies is the ability of the compound to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB), which has also hampered the implementation of several promising nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 inducers. Another limitation is that many nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 activators have undesirable off-target effects due to their electrophilic nature. Despite these constraints, the field has continued to evolve, and several viable means of targeting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in a neuropathological context have emerged. In this perspective, we will briefly discuss the key findings and promising therapeutic options that have been discovered to date, as well as highlight emerging areas of NRF2-neurodegeneration research that provide hope for successfully targeting this pathway in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew Dodson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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Nakatsu D, Kunishige R, Taguchi Y, Shinozaki-Narikawa N, Osaka K, Yokomizo K, Ishida M, Takei S, Yamasaki S, Hagiya K, Hattori K, Tsukamoto T, Murata M, Kano F. BMP4-SMAD1/5/9-RUNX2 pathway activation inhibits neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis in Alzheimer's patients' iPSCs in senescence-related conditions. Stem Cell Reports 2023; 18:688-705. [PMID: 36764297 PMCID: PMC10031282 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to increasing β-amyloid plaque deposition and tau tangle formation, inhibition of neurogenesis has recently been observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study generated a cellular model that recapitulated neurogenesis defects observed in patients with AD, using induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from sporadic and familial AD (AD iPSCs). AD iPSCs exhibited impaired neuron and oligodendrocyte generation when expression of several senescence markers was induced. Compound screening using these cellular models identified three drugs able to restore neurogenesis, and extensive morphological quantification revealed cell-line- and drug-type-dependent neuronal generation. We also found involvement of elevated Sma- and Mad-related protein 1/5/9 (SMAD1/5/9) phosphorylation and greater Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression in neurogenesis defects in AD. Moreover, BMP4 was elevated in AD iPSC medium during neural differentiation and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with AD, suggesting a BMP4-SMAD1/5/9-RUNX2 signaling pathway contribution to neurogenesis defects in AD under senescence-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Nakatsu
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Rina Kunishige
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Multimodal Cell Analysis Collaborative Research Cluster, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Taguchi
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Multimodal Cell Analysis Collaborative Research Cluster, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Naeko Shinozaki-Narikawa
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kishiko Osaka
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Kayo Yokomizo
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Mami Ishida
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Takei
- System Development Department, Technology Solutions Sector, Healthcare Business Unit, Nikon Corporation, 471, Nagaodai-cho, Sakae-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-8533, Japan
| | - Shoko Yamasaki
- Mathematical Sciences Research Laboratory, Research & Development Division, Nikon Corporation, 471, Nagaodai-cho, Sakae-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-8533, Japan
| | - Keita Hagiya
- Fujifilm Corporation, 7-3 Akasaka 9, Minato-ku, Tokyo 107-0052, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hattori
- Department of Bioresources, Medical Genome Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Tadashi Tsukamoto
- Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawahigashi-cho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan; Multimodal Cell Analysis Collaborative Research Cluster, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Fumi Kano
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan.
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Plakkot B, Di Agostino A, Subramanian M. Implications of Hypothalamic Neural Stem Cells on Aging and Obesity-Associated Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050769. [PMID: 36899905 PMCID: PMC10000584 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothalamus, one of the major regulatory centers in the brain, controls various homeostatic processes, and hypothalamic neural stem cells (htNSCs) have been observed to interfere with hypothalamic mechanisms regulating aging. NSCs play a pivotal role in the repair and regeneration of brain cells during neurodegenerative diseases and rejuvenate the brain tissue microenvironment. The hypothalamus was recently observed to be involved in neuroinflammation mediated by cellular senescence. Cellular senescence, or systemic aging, is characterized by a progressive irreversible state of cell cycle arrest that causes physiological dysregulation in the body and it is evident in many neuroinflammatory conditions, including obesity. Upregulation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress due to senescence has the potential to alter the functioning of NSCs. Various studies have substantiated the chances of obesity inducing accelerated aging. Therefore, it is essential to explore the potential effects of htNSC dysregulation in obesity and underlying pathways to develop strategies to address obesity-induced comorbidities associated with brain aging. This review will summarize hypothalamic neurogenesis associated with obesity and prospective NSC-based regenerative therapy for the treatment of obesity-induced cardiovascular conditions.
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Boorman E, Killick R, Aarsland D, Zunszain P, Mann GE. NRF2: An emerging role in neural stem cell regulation and neurogenesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:437-446. [PMID: 36272667 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.10.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The birth of new neurons from neural stem cells (NSC)s during developmental and adult neurogenesis arises from a myriad of highly complex signalling cascades. Emerging as one of these is the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NRF2)-signaling pathway. Regulation by NRF2 is reported to span the neurogenic process from early neural lineage specification and NSC regulation to neuronal fate commitment and differentiation. Here, we review these reports selecting only those where NRF2 signaling was directly manipulated to provide a clearer case for a direct role of NRF2 in embryonic and adult neurogenesis. With few studies providing mechanistic insight into this relationship, we lastly discuss key pathways linking NRF2 and stem cell regulation outside the neural lineage to shed light on mechanisms that may also be relevant to NSCs and neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Boorman
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; King's BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Richard Killick
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Patricia Zunszain
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Giovanni E Mann
- King's BHF Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
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12
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Davinelli S, Medoro A, Intrieri M, Saso L, Scapagnini G, Kang JX. Targeting NRF2-KEAP1 axis by Omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives: Emerging opportunities against aging and diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:736-750. [PMID: 36402440 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor NRF2 and its endogenous inhibitor KEAP1 play a crucial role in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis by regulating the gene expression of diverse networks of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and detoxification enzymes. Therefore, activation of NRF2 provides cytoprotection against numerous pathologies, including age-related diseases. An age-associated loss of NRF2 function may be a key driving force behind the aging phenotype. Recently, numerous NRF2 inducers have been identified and some of them are promising candidates to restore NRF2 transcriptional activity during aging. Emerging evidence indicates that omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their electrophilic derivatives may trigger a protective response via NRF2 activation, rescuing or maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. In this review, we provide an overview of the NRF2-KEAP1 system and its dysregulation in aging cells. We also summarize current studies on the modulatory role of n-3 PUFAs as potential agents to prevent multiple chronic diseases and restore the age-related impairment of NRF2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Davinelli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessandro Medoro
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Mariano Intrieri
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scapagnini
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Jing X Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Rodríguez-Vera D, Abad-García A, Vargas-Mendoza N, Pinto-Almazán R, Farfán-García ED, Morales-González JA, Soriano-Ursúa MA. Polyphenols as potential enhancers of stem cell therapy against neurodegeneration. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2093-2101. [PMID: 35259814 PMCID: PMC9083162 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of polyphenols for treating chronic-degenerative diseases (particularly neurodegenerative diseases) is attractive. However, the selection of the best polyphenol for each treatment, the mechanisms by which they act, and their efficacy are frequently discussed. In this review, the basics and the advances in the field, as well as suggestions for using natural and synthetic polyphenols alone or in a combinatorial strategy with stem cell assays, are compiled and discussed. Thus, stem cells exhibit several responses when polyphenols are added to their environment, which could provide us with knowledge for advancing the elucidation of the origin of neurodegeneration. But also, polyphenols are being included in the innovative strategies of novel therapies for treating neurodegenerative diseases as well as metabolic diseases related to neurodegeneration. In this regard, flavonoid compounds are suggested as the best natural polyphenols due to their several mechanisms for acting in ameliorative effects; but increasing reports are involving other polyphenols. Even if some facts limiting bioactivity prevent them from conventional use, some natural polyphenols and derivatives hold the promise for being improved compounds, judged by their induced effects. The current results suggest polyphenols as enhancers of stem cell therapy against the targeted diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rodríguez-Vera
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México
| | - Antonio Abad-García
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México
| | - Nancy Vargas-Mendoza
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México
| | - Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal México-Puebla km 34.5, State of México, México
| | - Eunice D. Farfán-García
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México
| | - José A. Morales-González
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México
- Correspondence to: José A. Morales-González, ;
Marvin A. Soriano-Ursúa, .
| | - Marvin A. Soriano-Ursúa
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación. Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México City, México
- Correspondence to: José A. Morales-González, ;
Marvin A. Soriano-Ursúa, .
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14
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Zoungrana LI, Krause-Hauch M, Wang H, Fatmi MK, Bates L, Li Z, Kulkarni P, Ren D, Li J. The Interaction of mTOR and Nrf2 in Neurogenesis and Its Implication in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132048. [PMID: 35805130 PMCID: PMC9265429 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurogenesis occurs in the brain during embryonic development and throughout adulthood. Neurogenesis occurs in the hippocampus and under normal conditions and persists in two regions of the brain—the subgranular zone (SGZ) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles. As the critical role in neurogenesis, the neural stem cells have the capacity to differentiate into various cells and to self-renew. This process is controlled through different methods. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) controls cellular growth, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is a major regulator of metabolism, protein quality control, and antioxidative defense, and is linked to neurogenesis. However, dysregulation in neurogenesis, mTOR, and Nrf2 activity have all been associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s. Understanding the role of these complexes in both neurogenesis and neurodegenerative disease could be necessary to develop future therapies. Here, we review both mTOR and Nrf2 complexes, their crosstalk and role in neurogenesis, and their implication in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Ines Zoungrana
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Meredith Krause-Hauch
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Mohammad Kasim Fatmi
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Lauryn Bates
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Zehui Li
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering and Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (Z.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Parth Kulkarni
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering and Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (Z.L.); (P.K.)
| | - Di Ren
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (L.I.Z.); (M.K.-H.); (H.W.); (M.K.F.); (L.B.); (D.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-974-4917
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15
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Ghasemi-Tarie R, Kiasalari Z, Fakour M, Khorasani M, Keshtkar S, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M. Nobiletin prevents amyloid β 1-40-induced cognitive impairment via inhibition of neuroinflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:1337-1349. [PMID: 35294678 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00949-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is presented as an age-related neurodegenerative disease with multiple cognitive deficits and amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation is the most important involved factor in its development. Nobiletin is a bioflavonoid isolated from citrus fruits peels with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity as well as anti-dementia property that has shown potency to ameliorate intracellular and extracellular Ab. The aim of the present study was to assess protective effect of nobiletin against Aβ1-40-induced cognitive impairment as a consistent model of AD. After bilateral intrahippocampal (CA1 subfield) injection of Aβ1-40, rats were treated with nobiletin (10 mg/kg/day; p.o.) from stereotaxic surgery day (day 0) till day + 7. Cognition function was evaluated in a battery of behavioral tasks at week 3 with final assessment of hippocampal oxidative stress and inflammation besides Nissl staining and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) immunohistochemistry. Analysis of behavioral data showed notable and significant improvement of alternation in Y maze test, discrimination ratio in novel object recognition task, and step through latency in passive avoidance test in nobiletin-treated Aβ group. Additionally, nobiletin treatment was associated with lower hippocampal levels of MDA and ROS and partial reversal of SOD activity and also improvement of Nrf2 with no significant effect on GSH and catalase. Furthermore, nobiletin attenuated hippocampal neuroinflammation in Aβ group as shown by lower tissue levels of TLR4, NF-kB, and TNFa. Histochemical findings showed that nobiletin prevents CA1 neuronal loss in Nissl staining in addition to its alleviation of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) immunoreactivity as a marker of nitrosative stress. Collectively, these findings indicated neuroprotective and anti-dementia potential of nobiletin that is partly attributed to its anti-oxidative, anti-nitrosative, and anti-inflammatory property associated with proper modulation of TLR4/NF-kB/Nrf2 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Kiasalari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Fakour
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Khorasani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Keshtkar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Jandova J, Park SL, Corenblum MJ, Madhavan L, Snell JA, Rounds L, Wondrak GT. Mefloquine induces ER stress and apoptosis in BRAFi-resistant A375-BRAF V600E /NRAS Q61K malignant melanoma cells targeting intracranial tumors in a bioluminescent murine model. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:603-614. [PMID: 35417045 PMCID: PMC9133119 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly targeted therapeutics have revolutionized the treatment of BRAFV600E -driven malignant melanoma, but the rapid development of resistance to BRAF kinase inhibitors (BRAFi) presents a significant obstacle. The use of clinical antimalarials for the investigational treatment of malignant melanoma has shown only moderate promise, attributed mostly to inhibition of lysosomal-autophagic adaptations of cancer cells, but identification of specific antimalarials displaying single-agent antimelanoma activity has remained elusive. Here, we have screened a focused library of clinically used artemisinin-combination therapeutic (ACT) antimalarials for the apoptotic elimination of cultured malignant melanoma cell lines, also examining feasibility of overcoming BRAFi-resistance comparing isogenic melanoma cells that differ only by NRAS mutational status (BRAFi-sensitive A375-BRAFV600E /NRASQ61 vs. BRAFi-resistant A375-BRAFV600E /NRASQ61K ). Among ACT antimalarials tested, mefloquine (MQ) was the only apoptogenic agent causing melanoma cell death at low micromolar concentrations. Comparative gene expression-array analysis (A375-BRAFV600E /NRASQ61 vs. A375-BRAFV600E /NRASQ61K ) revealed that MQ is a dual inducer of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and redox stress responses that precede MQ-induced loss of viability. ER-trackerTM DPX fluorescence imaging and electron microscopy indicated ER swelling, accompanied by rapid induction of ER stress signaling (phospho-eIF2α, XBP-1s, ATF4). Fluo-4 AM-fluorescence indicated the occurrence of cytosolic calcium overload observable within seconds of MQ exposure. In a bioluminescent murine model employing intracranial injection of A375-Luc2 (BRAFV600E /NRASQ61K ) cells, an oral MQ regimen efficiently antagonized brain tumor growth. Taken together, these data suggest that the clinical antimalarial MQ may be a valid candidate for drug repurposing aiming at chemotherapeutic elimination of malignant melanoma cells, even if metastasized to the brain and BRAFi-resistant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Jandova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Sophia L. Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Mandi J. Corenblum
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Department of Neurology, Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute and BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Jeremy A. Snell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Liliana Rounds
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Georg T. Wondrak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RK Coit College of Pharmacy & UA Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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17
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Gillotin S, Sahni V, Lepko T, Hanspal MA, Swartz JE, Alexopoulou Z, Marshall FH. Targeting impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis in ageing by leveraging intrinsic mechanisms regulating Neural Stem Cell activity. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101447. [PMID: 34403830 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in adult neurogenesis may contribute to the aetiology of many neurodevelopmental, psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. Genetic ablation of neurogenesis provides proof of concept that adult neurogenesis is required to sustain complex and dynamic cognitive functions, such as learning and memory, mostly by providing a high degree of plasticity to neuronal circuits. In addition, adult neurogenesis is reactive to external stimuli and the environment making it particularly susceptible to impairment and consequently contributing to comorbidity. In the human brain, the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is the main active source of neural stem cells that generate granule neurons throughout life. The regulation and preservation of the pool of neural stem cells is central to ensure continuous and healthy adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). Recent advances in genetic and metabolic profiling alongside development of more predictive animal models have contributed to the development of new concepts and the emergence of molecular mechanisms that could pave the way to the implementation of new therapeutic strategies to treat neurological diseases. In this review, we discuss emerging molecular mechanisms underlying AHN that could be embraced in drug discovery to generate novel concepts and targets to treat diseases of ageing including neurodegeneration. To support this, we review cellular and molecular mechanisms that have recently been identified to assess how AHN is sustained throughout life and how AHN is associated with diseases. We also provide an outlook on strategies for developing correlated biomarkers that may accelerate the translation of pre-clinical and clinical data and review clinical trials for which modulation of AHN is part of the therapeutic strategy.
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18
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Cuadrado A. Brain-Protective Mechanisms of Transcription Factor NRF2: Toward a Common Strategy for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 62:255-277. [PMID: 34637322 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-052220-103416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the loss of homeostatic functions that control redox and energy metabolism, neuroinflammation, and proteostasis. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master controller of these functions, and its overall activity is compromised during aging and in these diseases. However, NRF2 can be activated pharmacologically and is now being considered a common therapeutic target. Many gaps still exist in our knowledge of the specific role that NRF2 plays in specialized brain cell functions or how these cells respond to the hallmarks of these diseases. This review discusses the relevance of NRF2 to several hallmark features of neurodegenerative diseases and the current status of pharmacological activators that might pass through the blood-brain barrier and provide a disease-modifying effect. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Volume 62 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Cuadrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Madrid 28046, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid 28031, Spain;
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19
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Tay EXY, Chia K, Ong DST. Epigenetic plasticity and redox regulation of neural stem cell state and fate. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:116-130. [PMID: 33684459 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The neural stem cells (NSCs) are essential for normal brain development and homeostasis. The cell state (i.e. quiescent versus activated) and fate (i.e. the cell lineage of choice upon differentiation) of NSCs are tightly controlled by various redox and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. There is an increasing appreciation that redox and epigenetic regulations are intimately linked, but how this redox-epigenetics crosstalk affects NSC activity remains poorly understood. Another unresolved topic is whether the NSCs actually contribute to brain ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aim to 1) distill concepts that underlie redox and epigenetic regulation of NSC state and fate; 2) provide examples of the redox-epigenetics crosstalk in NSC biology; and 3) highlight potential redox- and epigenetic-based therapeutic opportunities to rescue NSC dysfunctions in ageing and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Kimberly Chia
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore; National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
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20
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Sefiani A, Geoffroy CG. The Potential Role of Inflammation in Modulating Endogenous Hippocampal Neurogenesis After Spinal Cord Injury. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:682259. [PMID: 34220440 PMCID: PMC8249862 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.682259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently there are approximately 291,000 people suffering from a spinal cord injury (SCI) in the United States. SCI is associated with traumatic changes in mobility and neuralgia, as well as many other long-term chronic health complications, including metabolic disorders, diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, osteoporosis, and elevated inflammatory markers. Due to medical advances, patients with SCI survive much longer than previously. This increase in life expectancy exposes them to novel neurological complications such as memory loss, cognitive decline, depression, and Alzheimer's disease. In fact, these usually age-associated disorders are more prevalent in people living with SCI. A common factor of these disorders is the reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis. Inflammation, which is elevated after SCI, plays a major role in modulating hippocampal neurogenesis. While there is no clear consensus on the mechanism of the decline in hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition after SCI, we will examine in this review how SCI-induced inflammation could modulate hippocampal neurogenesis and provoke age-associated neurological disorders. Thereafter, we will discuss possible therapeutic options which may mitigate the influence of SCI associated complications on hippocampal neurogenesis.
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21
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Anandhan A, Kirwan KR, Corenblum MJ, Madhavan L. Enhanced NRF2 expression mitigates the decline in neural stem cell function during aging. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13385. [PMID: 34128307 PMCID: PMC8208782 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is known that aging affects neural stem progenitor cell (NSPC) biology in fundamental ways, the underlying dynamics of this process are not fully understood. Our previous work identified a specific critical period (CP) of decline in NSPC activity and function during middle age (13–15 months), and revealed the reduced expression of the redox‐sensitive transcription factor, NRF2, as a key mediator of this process. Here, we investigated whether augmenting NRF2 expression could potentially mitigate the NSPC decline across the identified CP. NRF2 expression in subventricular zone (SVZ) NSPCs was upregulated via GFP tagged recombinant adeno‐associated viral vectors (AAV‐NRF2‐eGFP), and its cellular and behavioral effects compared to animals that received control vectors (AAV‐eGFP). The vectors were administered into the SVZs of aging rats, at time points either before or after the CP. Results indicate that animals that had received AAV‐NRF2‐eGFP, prior to the CP (11 months of age), exhibited substantially improved behavioral function (fine olfactory discrimination and motor tasks) in comparison to those receiving control viruses. Further analysis revealed that NSPC proliferation, self‐renewal, neurogenesis, and migration to the olfactory bulb had significantly increased upon NRF2 upregulation. On the other hand, increasing NRF2 after the CP (at 20 months of age) produced no notable changes in NSPC activity at either cellular or behavioral levels. These results, for the first time, indicate NRF2 pathway modulation as a means to support NSPC function with age and highlight a critical time‐dependency for activating NRF2 to enhance NSPC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annadurai Anandhan
- Department of Neurology University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
- Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
| | - Konner R. Kirwan
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Undergraduate Program Tucson AZ USA
| | | | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Department of Neurology University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
- Bio5 Institute University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA
- Evelyn F McKnight Brain Institute University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
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22
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Hwang I, Tang D, Paik J. Oxidative stress sensing and response in neural stem cell fate. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:74-83. [PMID: 33862161 PMCID: PMC9594080 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) contribute to the physiological cellular turnover of the adult brain and make up its regenerative potential. It is thus essential to understand how different factors influence their proliferation and differentiation to gain better insight into potential therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic brain injuries. Recent evidences indicate the roles of redox stress sensing and coping mechanisms in mediating the balance between NSPC self-renewal and differentiation. Such mechanisms involve direct cysteine modification, signaling and metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic alterations and transcription changes leading to adaptive responses like autophagy. Here, we discuss emerging findings on the involvement of redox sensors and effectors and their mechanisms in influencing changes in cellular redox potential and NSPC fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inah Hwang
- R&D Center, OneCureGEN Co., Ltd, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Deanna Tang
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jihye Paik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
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23
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Li Q, Lou J, Yang T, Wei Z, Li S, Zhang F. Ischemic Preconditioning Induces Oligodendrogenesis in Mouse Brain: Effects of Nrf2 Deficiency. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:1859-1873. [PMID: 33666795 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is an approach of protection against cerebral ischemia by inducing endogenous cytoprotective machinery. However, few studies in neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis after IPC have been reported, especially the latter. The purpose of this study is to test our hypothesis that IPC may also induce cell proliferation and oligodendrogenesis in the subventricular zone and striatum, as well as to investigate the effect of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) on oligodendrogenesis. IPC was induced in mice by 12-min ischemia through the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Newly generated cells were labeled with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. Our findings demonstrated that IPC stimulated the proliferation of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone, promoted the generation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the striatum and corpus callosum/external capsule (CC/EC), and stimulated oligodendrocyte precursor cells differentiation into oligodendrocytes in the striatum and the CC/EC. Furthermore, we describe a crucial role for Nrf2 in IPC-induced oligodendrogenesis in the subventricular zone, striatum, and CC/EC and show for the first time that Nrf2 promoted the migration and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells into oligodendrocytes in the striatum and CC/EC. Our data imply that IPC stimulates the oligodendrogenesis in the brain and that Nrf2 signaling may contribute to the oligodendrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jiyu Lou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhishuo Wei
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Senmiao Li
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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24
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McQuail JA, Dunn AR, Stern Y, Barnes CA, Kempermann G, Rapp PR, Kaczorowski CC, Foster TC. Cognitive Reserve in Model Systems for Mechanistic Discovery: The Importance of Longitudinal Studies. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 12:607685. [PMID: 33551788 PMCID: PMC7859530 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.607685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this review article is to provide a resource for longitudinal studies, using animal models, directed at understanding and modifying the relationship between cognition and brain structure and function throughout life. We propose that forthcoming longitudinal studies will build upon a wealth of knowledge gleaned from prior cross-sectional designs to identify early predictors of variability in cognitive function during aging, and characterize fundamental neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the vulnerability to, and the trajectory of, cognitive decline. Finally, we present examples of biological measures that may differentiate mechanisms of the cognitive reserve at the molecular, cellular, and network level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A McQuail
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Amy R Dunn
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States
| | - Yaakov Stern
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Carol A Barnes
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Gerd Kempermann
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers (HZ), Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter R Rapp
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Neurocognitive Aging Section, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | | | - Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Genetics and Genomics Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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25
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Dodson M, Anandhan A, Zhang DD, Madhavan L. An NRF2 Perspective on Stem Cells and Ageing. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2:690686. [PMID: 36213179 PMCID: PMC9536878 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.690686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Redox and metabolic mechanisms lie at the heart of stem cell survival and regenerative activity. NRF2 is a major transcriptional controller of cellular redox and metabolic homeostasis, which has also been implicated in ageing and lifespan regulation. However, NRF2's role in stem cells and their functioning with age is only just emerging. Here, focusing mainly on neural stem cells, which are core to adult brain plasticity and function, we review recent findings that identify NRF2 as a fundamental player in stem cell biology and ageing. We also discuss NRF2-based molecular programs that may govern stem cell state and function with age, and implications of this for age-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Dodson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Annadurai Anandhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Donna D. Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute and Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Lalitha Madhavan,
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26
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Kahroba H, Ramezani B, Maadi H, Sadeghi MR, Jaberie H, Ramezani F. The role of Nrf2 in neural stem/progenitors cells: From maintaining stemness and self-renewal to promoting differentiation capability and facilitating therapeutic application in neurodegenerative disease. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 65:101211. [PMID: 33186670 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) cause progressive loss of neurons in nervous system. NDs are categorized as acute NDs such as stroke and head injury, besides chronic NDs including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, Friedreich's Ataxia, Multiple Sclerosis. The exact etiology of NDs is not understood but oxidative stress, inflammation and synaptic dysfunction are main hallmarks. Oxidative stress leads to free radical attack on neural cells which contributes to protein misfolding, glia cell activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impairment of DNA repair system and subsequently cellular death. Neural stem cells (NSCs) support adult neurogenesis in nervous system during injuries which is limited to certain regions in brain. NSCs can differentiate into the neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Impaired neurogenesis and inadequate induction of neurogenesis are the main obstacles in treatment of NDs. Protection of neural cells from oxidative damages and supporting neurogenesis are promising strategies to treat NDs. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcriptional master regulator that maintains the redox homeostasis in cells by provoking expression of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective genes. Nrf2 can strongly influence the NSCs function and fate determination by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species in benefit of NSC survival and neurogenesis. In this review we will summarize the role of Nrf2 in NSC function, and exogenous and endogenous therapeutic strategies in treatment of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houman Kahroba
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Mohammad Reza Sadeghi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Jaberie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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27
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Yang T, Zhang F. Targeting Transcription Factor Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2) for the Intervention of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 41:97-116. [PMID: 33054394 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is an age-related, mild to severe mental disability due to a broad panel of cerebrovascular disorders. Its pathobiology involves neurovascular dysfunction, blood-brain barrier disruption, white matter damage, microRNAs, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and gut microbiota alterations, etc. Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) is the master regulator of redox status and controls the transcription of a panel of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory genes. By interacting with NF-κB (nuclear factor-κB), Nrf2 also fine-tunes the cellular oxidative and inflammatory balance. Aging is associated with Nrf2 dysfunction, and increasing evidence has proved the role of Nrf2 in mitigating the VCID process. Based on VCID pathobiologies and Nrf2 studies from VCID and other brain diseases, we point out several hypothetical Nrf2 targets for VCID management, including restoration of endothelial function and neurovascular coupling, preservation of blood-brain barrier integrity, reduction of amyloidopathy, promoting white matter integrity, and mitigating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Collectively, the Nrf2 pathway could be a promising direction for future VCID research. Targeting Nrf2 would shed light on VCID managing strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Yang
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders and Recovery, University of Pittsburgh, PA
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28
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Maffezzini C, Calvo-Garrido J, Wredenberg A, Freyer C. Metabolic regulation of neurodifferentiation in the adult brain. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2483-2496. [PMID: 31912194 PMCID: PMC7320050 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms behind neurodifferentiation in adults will be an important milestone in our quest to identify treatment strategies for cognitive disorders observed during our natural ageing or disease. It is now clear that the maturation of neural stem cells to neurones, fully integrated into neuronal circuits requires a complete remodelling of cellular metabolism, including switching the cellular energy source. Mitochondria are central for this transition and are increasingly seen as the regulatory hub in defining neural stem cell fate and neurodevelopment. This review explores our current knowledge of metabolism during adult neurodifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Maffezzini
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Stem Cell and Neurogenesis Unit, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Javier Calvo-Garrido
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Wredenberg
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Christoph Freyer
- Max Planck Institute Biology of Ageing-Karolinska Institutet Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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29
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Martin-Hurtado A, Lastres-Becker I, Cuadrado A, Garcia-Gonzalo FR. NRF2 and Primary Cilia: An Emerging Partnership. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060475. [PMID: 32498260 PMCID: PMC7346227 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
When not dividing, many cell types target their centrosome to the plasma membrane, where it nucleates assembly of a primary cilium, an antenna-like signaling structure consisting of nine concentric microtubule pairs surrounded by membrane. Primary cilia play important pathophysiological roles in many tissues, their dysfunction being associated with cancer and ciliopathies, a diverse group of congenital human diseases. Several recent studies have unveiled functional connections between primary cilia and NRF2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), the master transcription factor orchestrating cytoprotective responses to oxidative and other cellular stresses. These NRF2-cilia relationships are reciprocal: primary cilia, by promoting autophagy, downregulate NRF2 activity. In turn, NRF2 transcriptionally regulates genes involved in ciliogenesis and Hedgehog (Hh) signaling, a cilia-dependent pathway with major roles in embryogenesis, stem cell function and tumorigenesis. Nevertheless, while we found that NRF2 stimulates ciliogenesis and Hh signaling, a more recent study reported that NRF2 negatively affects these processes. Herein, we review the available evidence linking NRF2 to primary cilia, suggest possible explanations to reconcile seemingly contradictory data, and discuss what the emerging interplay between primary cilia and NRF2 may mean for human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martin-Hurtado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), UAM-CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-H.); (I.L.-B.); (A.C.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), 28047 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Lastres-Becker
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), UAM-CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-H.); (I.L.-B.); (A.C.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), 28047 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28013 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), UAM-CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-H.); (I.L.-B.); (A.C.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), 28047 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), ISCIII, 28013 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc R. Garcia-Gonzalo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (IIBM), UAM-CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-H.); (I.L.-B.); (A.C.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital Universitario de La Paz (IdiPAZ), 28047 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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30
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Chang CC, Li HH, Tsou SH, Hung HC, Liu GY, Korolenko TA, Lai TJ, Ho YJ, Lin CL. The Pluripotency Factor Nanog Protects against Neuronal Amyloid β-Induced Toxicity and Oxidative Stress through Insulin Sensitivity Restoration. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061339. [PMID: 32471175 PMCID: PMC7348813 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) is a peptide fragment of the amyloid precursor protein that triggers the progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). It is believed that Aβ contributes to neurodegeneration in several ways, including mitochondria dysfunction, oxidative stress and brain insulin resistance. Therefore, protecting neurons from Aβ-induced neurotoxicity is an effective strategy for attenuating AD pathogenesis. Recently, applications of stem cell-based therapies have demonstrated the ability to reduce the progression and outcome of neurodegenerative diseases. Particularly, Nanog is recognized as a stem cell-related pluripotency factor that enhances self-renewing capacities and helps reduce the senescent phenotypes of aged neuronal cells. However, whether the upregulation of Nanog can be an effective approach to alleviate Aβ-induced neurotoxicity and senescence is not yet understood. In the present study, we transiently overexpressed Nanog-both in vitro and in vivo-and investigated the protective effects and underlying mechanisms against Aβ. We found that overexpression of Nanog is responsible for attenuating Aβ-triggered neuronal insulin resistance, which restores cell survival through reducing intracellular mitochondrial superoxide accumulation and cellular senescence. In addition, upregulation of Nanog expression appears to increase secretion of neurotrophic factors through activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant defense pathway. Furthermore, improvement of memory and learning were also observed in rat model of Aβ neurotoxicity mediated by upregulation of Nanog in the brain. Taken together, our study suggests a potential role for Nanog in attenuating the neurotoxic effects of Aβ, which in turn, suggests that strategies to enhance Nanog expression may be used as a novel intervention for reducing Aβ neurotoxicity in the AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Chi Chang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (H.-H.L.); (S.-H.T.); (G.-Y.L.); (T.-J.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hua Li
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (H.-H.L.); (S.-H.T.); (G.-Y.L.); (T.-J.L.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
| | - Sing-Hua Tsou
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (H.-H.L.); (S.-H.T.); (G.-Y.L.); (T.-J.L.)
| | - Hui-Chih Hung
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan;
| | - Guang-Yaw Liu
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (H.-H.L.); (S.-H.T.); (G.-Y.L.); (T.-J.L.)
| | - Tatiana A. Korolenko
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia;
| | - Te-Jen Lai
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (H.-H.L.); (S.-H.T.); (G.-Y.L.); (T.-J.L.)
- Department of Psychiatry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jui Ho
- Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.H.); (C.-L.L.); Tel.: +886-4-2473-0022-11673 (Y.-J.H.); +886-4-2473-0022-11690 (C.-L.L.)
| | - Chih-Li Lin
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402367, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (H.-H.L.); (S.-H.T.); (G.-Y.L.); (T.-J.L.)
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402367, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-J.H.); (C.-L.L.); Tel.: +886-4-2473-0022-11673 (Y.-J.H.); +886-4-2473-0022-11690 (C.-L.L.)
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31
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Marchetti B, Tirolo C, L'Episcopo F, Caniglia S, Testa N, Smith JA, Pluchino S, Serapide MF. Parkinson's disease, aging and adult neurogenesis: Wnt/β-catenin signalling as the key to unlock the mystery of endogenous brain repair. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13101. [PMID: 32050297 PMCID: PMC7059166 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A common hallmark of age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases is an impairment of adult neurogenesis. Wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin (WβC) signalling is a vital pathway for dopaminergic (DAergic) neurogenesis and an essential signalling system during embryonic development and aging, the most critical risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). To date, there is no known cause or cure for PD. Here we focus on the potential to reawaken the impaired neurogenic niches to rejuvenate and repair the aged PD brain. Specifically, we highlight WβC-signalling in the plasticity of the subventricular zone (SVZ), the largest germinal region in the mature brain innervated by nigrostriatal DAergic terminals, and the mesencephalic aqueduct-periventricular region (Aq-PVR) Wnt-sensitive niche, which is in proximity to the SNpc and harbors neural stem progenitor cells (NSCs) with DAergic potential. The hallmark of the WβC pathway is the cytosolic accumulation of β-catenin, which enters the nucleus and associates with T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer binding factor (TCF/LEF) transcription factors, leading to the transcription of Wnt target genes. Here, we underscore the dynamic interplay between DAergic innervation and astroglial-derived factors regulating WβC-dependent transcription of key genes orchestrating NSC proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation. Aging, inflammation and oxidative stress synergize with neurotoxin exposure in "turning off" the WβC neurogenic switch via down-regulation of the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/Wnt-regulated signalosome, a key player in the maintenance of antioxidant self-defense mechanisms and NSC homeostasis. Harnessing WβC-signalling in the aged PD brain can thus restore neurogenesis, rejuvenate the microenvironment, and promote neurorescue and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Marchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC)Pharmacology and Physiology SectionsMedical SchoolUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
- Neuropharmacology SectionOASI Research Institute‐IRCCSTroinaItaly
| | - Cataldo Tirolo
- Neuropharmacology SectionOASI Research Institute‐IRCCSTroinaItaly
| | | | | | - Nunzio Testa
- Neuropharmacology SectionOASI Research Institute‐IRCCSTroinaItaly
| | - Jayden A. Smith
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Stefano Pluchino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and NIHR Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Maria F. Serapide
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (BIOMETEC)Pharmacology and Physiology SectionsMedical SchoolUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly
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32
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Dai X, Yan X, Wintergerst KA, Cai L, Keller BB, Tan Y. Nrf2: Redox and Metabolic Regulator of Stem Cell State and Function. Trends Mol Med 2019; 26:185-200. [PMID: 31679988 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is ubiquitously expressed in most eukaryotic cells and functions to induce a broad range of cellular defenses against exogenous and endogenous stresses, including oxidants, xenobiotics, and excessive nutrient/metabolite supply. Because the production and fate of stem cells are often modulated by cellular redox and metabolic homeostasis, important roles of Nrf2 have emerged in the regulation of stem cell quiescence, survival, self-renewal, proliferation, senescence, and differentiation. In a rapidly advancing field, this review summarizes Nrf2 signaling in the context of stem cell state and function and provides a rationale for Nrf2 as a therapeutic target in stem cell-based regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Dai
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- Chinese-American Research Institute for Diabetic Complications, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kupper A Wintergerst
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Bradley B Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Kosair Charities Pediatric Heart Research Program, Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Yi Tan
- Wendy Novak Diabetes Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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33
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Sha JY, Zhou YD, Yang JY, Leng J, Li JH, Hu JN, Liu W, Jiang S, Wang YP, Chen C, Li W. Maltol (3-Hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone) Slows d-Galactose-Induced Brain Aging Process by Damping the Nrf2/HO-1-Mediated Oxidative Stress in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10342-10351. [PMID: 31461273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Maltol, a maillard reaction product from ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), has been confirmed to inhibit oxidative stress in several animal models. Its beneficial effect on oxidative stress related brain aging is still unclear. In this study, the mouse model of d-galactose (d-Gal)-induced brain aging was employed to investigate the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of maltol. Maltol treatment significantly restored memory impairment in mice as determined by the Morris water maze tests. Long-term d-Gal treatment reduced expression of cholinergic regulators, i.e., the cholineacetyltransferase (ChAT) (0.456 ± 0.10 vs 0.211 ± 0.03 U/mg prot), the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (36.4 ± 5.21 vs 66.5 ± 9.96 U/g). Maltol treatment prevented the reduction of ChAT and AChE in the hippocampus. Maltol decreased oxidative stress levels by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) production in the brain and by elevating antioxidative enzymes. Furthermore, maltol treatment minimized oxidative stress by increasing the phosphorylation levels of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1). The above results clearly indicate that supplementation of maltol diminishes d-Gal-induced behavioral dysfunction and neurological deficits via activation of the PI3K/Akt-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in brain. Maltol might become a potential drug to slow the brain aging process and stimulate endogenous antioxidant defense capacity. This study provides the novel evidence that maltol may slow age-associated brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yue Sha
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Yan-Dan Zhou
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jia-Yu Yang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jing Leng
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jian-Hao Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Jun-Nan Hu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun 130118 , China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane 4072 , Australia
| | - Wei Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118 , China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Ginseng Breeding and Development , Changchun 130118 , China
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34
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La Rosa P, Russo M, D'Amico J, Petrillo S, Aquilano K, Lettieri-Barbato D, Turchi R, Bertini ES, Piemonte F. Nrf2 Induction Re-establishes a Proper Neuronal Differentiation Program in Friedreich's Ataxia Neural Stem Cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:356. [PMID: 31417369 PMCID: PMC6685360 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Frataxin deficiency is the pathogenic cause of Friedreich’s Ataxia, an autosomal recessive disease characterized by the increase of oxidative stress and production of free radicals in the cell. Although the onset of the pathology occurs in the second decade of life, cognitive differences and defects in brain structure and functional activation are observed in patients, suggesting developmental defects to take place during fetal neurogenesis. Here, we describe impairments in proliferation, stemness potential and differentiation in neural stem cells (NSCs) isolated from the embryonic cortex of the Frataxin Knockin/Knockout mouse, a disease animal model whose slow-evolving phenotype makes it suitable to study pre-symptomatic defects that may manifest before the clinical onset. We demonstrate that enhancing the expression and activity of the antioxidant response master regulator Nrf2 ameliorates the phenotypic defects observed in NSCs, re-establishing a proper differentiation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiorgio La Rosa
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Russo
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica D'Amico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Lettieri-Barbato
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Turchi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico S Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Piemonte
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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35
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Abstract
The pathways that convert neural stem cells (NSCs) into functional neurons in the adult hippocampus are tightly regulated. In this issue of Neuron, Yeh et al. (2018) demonstrate that the activity of dentate mossy cells determines the balance between quiescence and activation of NSCs.
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36
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DNA damage in aging, the stem cell perspective. Hum Genet 2019; 139:309-331. [PMID: 31324975 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage is one of the most consistent cellular process proposed to contribute to aging. The maintenance of genomic and epigenomic integrity is critical for proper function of cells and tissues throughout life, and this homeostasis is under constant strain from both extrinsic and intrinsic insults. Considering the relationship between lifespan and genotoxic burden, it is plausible that the longest-lived cellular populations would face an accumulation of DNA damage over time. Tissue-specific stem cells are multipotent populations residing in localized niches and are responsible for maintaining all lineages of their resident tissue/system throughout life. However, many of these stem cells are impacted by genotoxic stress. Several factors may dictate the specific stem cell population response to DNA damage, including the niche location, life history, and fate decisions after damage accrual. This leads to differential handling of DNA damage in different stem cell compartments. Given the importance of adult stem cells in preserving normal tissue function during an individual's lifetime, DNA damage sensitivity and accumulation in these compartments could have crucial implications for aging. Despite this, more support for direct functional effects driven by accumulated DNA damage in adult stem cell compartments is needed. This review will present current evidence for the accumulation and potential influence of DNA damage in adult tissue-specific stem cells and propose inquiry directions that could benefit individual healthspan.
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37
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Schmidlin CJ, Dodson MB, Madhavan L, Zhang DD. Redox regulation by NRF2 in aging and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:702-707. [PMID: 30654017 PMCID: PMC6588470 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
NRF2, a transcription factor that has been deemed the master regulator of cellular redox homeostasis, declines with age. NRF2 transcriptionally upregulates genes that combat oxidative stress; therefore, loss of NRF2 allows oxidative stress to go unmitigated and drive the aging phenotype. Oxidative stress is a common theme among the key features associated with the aging process, collectively referred to as the "Hallmarks of Aging", as it disrupts proteostasis, alters genomic stability, and leads to cell death. In this review, we outline the role that oxidative stress and the reduction of NRF2 play in each of the Hallmarks of Aging, including how they contribute to the onset of neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and other age-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Schmidlin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Matthew B Dodson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Lalitha Madhavan
- Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Evelyn F McKnight Brain institute and Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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38
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Alleviation of Cartilage Destruction by Sinapic Acid in Experimental Osteoarthritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5689613. [PMID: 30931327 PMCID: PMC6413400 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5689613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) modulates the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in chondrocytes. In order to test the hypothesis that SA is protective against the development of osteoarthritis (OA), primary mouse chondrocytes were treated in vitro with SA and the promoter transactivation activity of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), nuclear translocation of Nrf2, and protein expression of HO-1 were assayed. To test the hypothesis in vivo, a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model was used to induce OA in the knees of mice and SA was delivered orally to the experimental group. The chondrocytes were harvested for further analysis. The expression of HO-1 was similarly upregulated in cartilage from both the experimental mice and human chondrocytes from osteoarthritic knees. SA was found to enhance the promoter transactivation activity of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and increase the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in primary chondrocytes. Histopathologic scores showed that the damage induced by the DMM model was significantly lower in the SA treatment group. The addition of a HO-1 inhibitor with SA did not show additional benefit over SA alone in terms of cartilage degradation or histopathologic scores. The expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5 was significantly reduced both in vitro and in vivo by the presence of SA. Protein expressions of HO-1 and Nrf2 were substantially increased in knee cartilage of mice that received oral SA. Our results suggest that SA should be further explored as a preventative treatment for OA.
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39
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Pan JP, Hu Y, Wang JH, Xin YR, Jiang JX, Chen KQ, Yang CY, Gao Q, Xiao F, Yan L, Luo HM. Methyl 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoate Induces Neural Stem Cells to Differentiate Into Cholinergic Neurons in vitro. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:478. [PMID: 30581378 PMCID: PMC6292956 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) have been shown as a potential source for replacing degenerated neurons in neurodegenerative diseases. However, the therapeutic potential of these cells is limited by the lack of effective methodologies for controlling their differentiation. Inducing endogenous pools of NSCs by small molecule can be considered as a potential approach of generating the desired cell types in large numbers. Here, we reported the characterization of a small molecule (Methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate; MDHB) that selectively induces hippocampal NSCs to differentiate into cholinergic motor neurons which expressed synapsin 1 (SYN1) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). Studies on the mechanisms revealed that MDHB induced the hippocampal NSCs differentiation into cholinergic motor neurons by inhibiting AKT phosphorylation and activating autophosphorylation of GSK3β at tyrosine 216. Furthermore, we found that MDHB enhanced β-catenin degradation and abolished its entering into the nucleus. Collectively, this report provides the strong evidence that MDHB promotes NSCs differentiation into cholinergic motor neurons by enhancing gene Isl1 expression and inhibiting cell cycle progression. It may provide a basis for pharmacological effects of MDHB directed on NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ping Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Brain Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Rong Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Xing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-Qi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-You Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Brain Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yan
- Guangzhou Quality R&D Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan-Min Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Brain Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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