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Kehoe TJ, May A, Holbrook C, Barker R, Hill D, Jones H, Moodie R, Varnava A, Westmore A. The past as present in health promotion: the case for a 'public health humanities'. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad163. [PMID: 38128084 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Health promotion is conceived as a unifying concept for improving the health of populations. This means addressing the socio-cultural, economic and commercial causes of ill-health, which are necessarily informed by past policies and socio-cultural contexts. However, historical scholarship has rarely figured in health promotion practice or scholarship. This gap resides in the determinants of health, and notably in the analyses of tobacco control and skin cancer prevention, two long-running campaigns that have shaped modern health promotion in Australia. Both highlight a need for understanding the profound impact of history on the present and the value of learning from past successes and failures. Doing so requires integrating historical analyses into existing health promotion scholarship. To achieve this aim, we present a new 'public health humanities' methodology. This novel interdisciplinary framework is conceived as a spectrum in which historical studies integrate with existing health promotion disciplines to solve complex health problems. We draw on the many calls for more interdisciplinarity in health promotion and derive this methodology from proposals in the medical humanities and cognate fields that have wrestled with combining history and present-focused disciplines. Using tobacco control and skin cancer prevention as case studies, we demonstrate how public health humanities uses interdisciplinary teams and shared research questions to generate valuable new knowledge unavailable with traditional methods. Furthermore, we show how it creates evaluation criteria to consider the powerful impact of issues like colonialism on current inequities that hinder health promotion strategies, and from which lessons may be derived for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Kehoe
- Cancer Council of Victoria, 200 Victoria Pde., East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
| | - Andrew May
- School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Arts West Building, Arts West - North Wing, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - Carolyn Holbrook
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Richie Barker
- School of Communications and Creative Arts, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - David Hill
- Cancer Council of Victoria, 200 Victoria Pde., East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - Hayley Jones
- McCabe Centre for Law and Cancer, 200 Victoria Pde., East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002, Australia
| | - Rob Moodie
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Hwy, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Andrekos Varnava
- College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ann Westmore
- School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Arts West Building, Arts West - North Wing, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
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Roesler A, Musolino C, van Eyk H, Flavel J, Freeman T, Fisher M, MacDougall C, Baum F. Conducting a rapid health promotion audit in suburban Adelaide, South Australia: Can it contribute to revitalising health promotion? Health Promot J Austr 2021; 33:488-498. [PMID: 34174013 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUES ADDRESSED How health promotion is implemented varies and it is often not clear what activities are in place in a region. Understanding the extent of health promotion activities helps planning activities. METHODS This research involved a rapid audit of the types of health promotion activities in a suburban region of South Australia. This analysis was guided by the WHO Ottawa Charter's principles. To better understand population needs and which health promoting activities may help, an epidemiological, demographic and social determinants of health profile of southern Adelaide described disease patterns and health inequities. RESULTS While there was evidence of a range of health promoting activities, most concerned individual or behavioural services. A key finding was the small number of activities that the state health department and local health system were responsible for. Alongside local government, NGOs provided the bulk of health promotion activities. In addition, there were no overarching health promotion strategies or coordinating bodies to evaluate the activities. The epidemiological, demographic and social determinants of health profile found persistent health and social inequities. CONCLUSION This rapid audit of health promotion in a region enabled a quick assessment of the current health promotion situation and provided evidence of gaps and areas where policy change should be advocated. SO WHAT?: The key findings distilled from this research were designed to inform policy priorities to shift health promotion in southern Adelaide onto a trajectory consistent with the Ottawa Charter and prevent further focus on individualised behaviour change strategies known as 'lifestyle drift'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Roesler
- Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Connie Musolino
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Helen van Eyk
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joanne Flavel
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Toby Freeman
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Matt Fisher
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Colin MacDougall
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Fran Baum
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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McDonald H, Gould R, Delaney D, Vecchio N. An investigation of the health-promoting practices of Australian universities. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:1403-1412. [PMID: 33576376 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daab004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Workplace health promotion programmes (WHPPs) are more likely to succeed where design and implementation account for the influence of health's complex, systemic nature. Thus, a greater understanding of how frameworks developed to progress WHPPs are operationalized across different countries and industries is needed. This study investigates health concerns targeted in an underexplored setting-Australian universities, describing how diverse programmes are implemented to target different health issues and health risk factors. Content analysis is used to outline how Australian universities implement WHPPs to target diverse health concerns. Content from 497 website documents is collected and analysed using NVivo software. A framework for examining diverse WHPPs currently used in practice is developed. Based on this framework, it was evident that Australian universities emphasized initiatives targeting health issues focusing on 'mental health' and 'diabetes'. Regarding health risk factors, 'alcohol and other addictions', 'discrimination and harassment', and 'physical activity' were emphasized. Links between different health concerns targeted and corresponding WHPPs implemented, provide workplaces with a benchmark for designing and implementing programmes. University WHPPs targeted a diverse range of health concerns when enough legal and political motivations to do so existed. These findings about the motivations for improving employee health indicate a potential gap between health promotion benefits reported in literature and the appreciation for these benefits in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden McDonald
- Department of Accounting, Torrens University Australia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ryan Gould
- Department of Employment Relations and Human Resources, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Deborah Delaney
- Department of Accounting, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nerina Vecchio
- Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Harris P, Salehi A, Kendall E, Whitty J, Wilson A, Scuffham P. "She'll be right, mate!": do Australians take their health for granted? J Prim Health Care 2020; 12:277-288. [PMID: 32988450 DOI: 10.1071/hc20025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Health consciousness highlights the readiness of individuals to undertake health actions and take responsibility for their health and the health of others. AIM To examine the health consciousness of Australians and its association with health status, health-care utilisation and sociodemographic factors. METHODS This quantitative cross-sectional study was a part of a larger project aiming to engage the general public in health-care decision-making. Adults from Queensland and South Australia (n=1529) were recruited to participate by a panel company. The questionnaire included the Health Consciousness Scale (HCS), health status, health-care utilisation, sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables. RESULTS The health consciousness of Australians was relatively low (mean score=21), compared to other international administrations of the HCS, and further investigations revealed that more health-conscious people tended to live in South Australia, be female and single, experience poorer physical and mental health and were more frequent users of health-care services. DISCUSSION The general approach to health in this sample of the Australian public may reflect 'here and now' concerns. It appears that an attitude of 'she'll be right, mate' prevails until a change in an individual's health status or their exposure to the health system demands otherwise. These findings need to be investigated further to see if they are confirmed by others and to clarify the implications for primary health programmes in Australia in redressing the public's apparent apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Harris
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Corresponding author.
| | | | - Elizabeth Kendall
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jennifer Whitty
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, England, UK
| | - Andrew Wilson
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul Scuffham
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Smith JA, Crawford G, Signal L. The case of national health promotion policy in Australia: where to now? Health Promot J Austr 2017; 27:61-65. [PMID: 26774762 DOI: 10.1071/he15055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Issue addressed Over the last three decades there has been an incremental investment in health promotion and prevention across Australia; yet, the Commonwealth Government and some state/territory governments have more recently instigated funding cuts in health promotion and prevention. This paper argues that the role of health promotion is critical in contemporary Australia and discusses strategies needed to move forward within the context of recent disinvestments. Discussion Key areas of concern relating to recent health promotion and prevention disinvestment in Australia include the abolishment of the Australian National Preventive Health Agency, the cessation of the National Partnership Agreement on Preventive Health and significant cuts to Indigenous programs. These changes pose a significant threat to the health, economic and social well being of Australians and the region, particularly those that are most vulnerable. Conclusions Future health promotion and prevention efforts will require strategic leadership and action to enhance the promotion of health equity in Australia over the coming decades. We call on governments to (re)invest in health promotion and prevention both in and outside the health sector so that health promotion professionals can continue their advocacy efforts aimed at articulating their professional place in improving population health. So what? Recent changes to national health promotion and prevention policy are detrimental to the health and well being of the Australian population, particularly those most vulnerable. Sound planning to revitalise and refocus health promotion action in Australia is urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Smith
- Office of the Pro Vice Chancellor - Indigenous Leadership, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina Campus, Ellengowan Drive, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia
| | - Gemma Crawford
- Australian Health Promotion Association, PO Box M214, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Louise Signal
- Health Promotion and Policy Research Unit, University of Otago, PO Box 7343, Welllington South, New Zealand
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Heilbrunn-Lang AY, Carpenter LM, Powell SM, Kearney SL, Cole D, de Silva AM. Reviewing public policy for promoting population oral health in Victoria, Australia (2007-12). AUST HEALTH REV 2016. [PMID: 26210775 DOI: 10.1071/ah15013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Government policy and planning set the direction for community decisions related to resource allocation, infrastructure, services, programs, workforce and social environments. The aim ofthe present study was to examine the policy and planning context for oral health promotion in Victoria, Australia, over the period 2007-12. METHODS Key Victorian policies and plans related to oral health promotion in place during the 2007-12 planning cycle were identified through online searching, and content analysis was performed. Inclusion of oral health (and oral health-related) promotion initiatives was assessed within the goals, objectives and strategies sections of each plan. RESULTS Six of the 223 public health plans analysed (3%) included oral health 'goals' (including one plan representing nine agencies). Oral health was an 'objective' in 10 documents. Fifty-six plan objectives, and 70 plan strategies related to oral health or healthy eating for young children. Oral health was included in municipal plans (44%) more frequently than the other plans examined. CONCLUSION There is a policy opportunity to address oral health at a community level, and to implement population approaches aligned with the Ottawa Charter that address the social determinants of health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren M Carpenter
- University of Melbourne, Centre for Health Equity, The Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia. Email
| | - Seona M Powell
- Dental Health Services Victoria, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia. ;
| | - Susan L Kearney
- Dental Health Services Victoria, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia. ;
| | - Deborah Cole
- Dental Health Services Victoria, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia. ;
| | - Andrea M de Silva
- Dental Health Services Victoria, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, Vic. 3053, Australia. ;
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Ashcroft R. Health promotion and primary health care: examining the discourse. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 30:107-16. [PMID: 25375065 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2014.938395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The health promotion discourse is comprised of assumptions about health and health care that are compatible with primary health care. An examination of the health promotion discourse illustrates how assumptions of health can help to inform primary health care. Despite health promotion being a good fit for primary health care, this analysis demonstrates that the scope in which it is being implemented in primary health care settings is limited. The health promotion discourse appears largely compatible with primary health care-in theory and in the health care practices that follow. The aim of this article is to contribute to the advancement of theoretical understanding of the health promotion discourse, and the relevance of health promotion to primary health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle Ashcroft
- a School of Social Work, Renison University College , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Canada
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Sunderland N, Harris P, Johnstone K, Del Fabbro L, Kendall E. Exploring health promotion practitioners' experiences of moral distress in Canada and Australia. Glob Health Promot 2014; 22:32-45. [PMID: 24853825 DOI: 10.1177/1757975914532505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article introduces moral distress - the experience of painful feelings due to institutional constraints on personal moral action - as a significant issue for the international health promotion workforce. Our exploratory study of practitioners' experiences of health promotion in Australia and Canada during 2009-2010 indicated that practitioners who work in upstream policy- and systems-level health promotion are affected by experiences of moral distress. Health promotion practitioners at all levels of the health promotion continuum also described themselves as being engaged in a minority practice within a larger dominant system that does not always value health promotion. We argue that health promotion practitioners are vulnerable to moral distress due to the values-driven and political nature of the practice, the emphasis on systems change and the inherent complexity and diversity of the practice. This vulnerability to moral distress poses significant challenges to both workers and organisations and the communities they seek to benefit. We propose that further research should be undertaken to fully identify the causes and symptoms of moral distress in health promotion. Extensive existing research on moral distress in nursing provides ample resources to conduct such research.
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Warr DJ, Mann R, Kelaher M. ‘A lot of the things we do … people wouldn’t recognise as health promotion’: addressing health inequalities in settings of neighbourhood disadvantage. CRITICAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/09581596.2012.739681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Jhummon-Mahadnac ND, Knott J, Marshall C. A cross-sectional study of pandemic influenza health literacy and the effect of a public health campaign. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:377. [PMID: 22830499 PMCID: PMC3502135 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To ascertain the understanding of 2009 pandemic (H1N1) influenza and relevant infection control measures in an emergency department population and to assess the effectiveness of education campaigns in informing the public about the pandemic. METHODS Questionnaires were administered to patients, visitors, non-clinical staff and volunteers. Data were collected on knowledge, preventative measures, information sources, attitudes to government and media reporting, perceived seriousness, behaviour change and intended compliance with future measures. Results were used to construct an overall knowledge score. RESULTS There were 252 participants. Traditional forms of mass media (138 [55%]) remained the principal information source. Approximately 70% (176) accurately described mode of transmission and recommended precautions and 68% (175) reported behaviour change because of the pandemic. Gaps in knowledge included failure to identify certain high risk groups. Recall of government campaigns was significantly associated with a higher knowledge score. 60% (151) thought that authorities and media had exaggerated the threat; only 40% (101) would comply with recommended measures in a future pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The knowledge regarding pandemic influenza was high in this population and positively affected by official campaigns. Pandemic planning should address knowledge gaps and the impression that authorities had exaggerated the public-health threat.
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Whitehead D, Irvine F. Ottawa 25+--'All aboard the Dazzling Bandwagon'--developing personal skills: what remains for the future? Health Promot Int 2011; 26 Suppl 2:ii245-52. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dar072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Bastian A. The future of public health nutrition: a critical policy analysis of Eat Well Australia. Aust N Z J Public Health 2010; 35:111-6. [PMID: 21463404 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00630.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To better understand how public health nutrition has been represented during the past decade in Australia this paper critically analyses Eat Well Australia: An Agenda for Action for Public Health Nutrition 2000-2010 and its accompanying National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Nutrition Strategy and Action Plan. METHOD The paper uses an interpretive approach, drawing on Bacchi's method of problem representation, to examine the strategies being offered within the policy. It uses this framework to uncover how public health nutrition has been represented and examines if the representation provided considers all aspects of the issue. The paper also considers how contextual factors affected policy development through examination of publicly available documents. RESULTS The problem is represented as being both an individual one and one due to social, structural and economic circumstances. There is a large focus on collaboration, research and capacity building. The context of the policy's development has affected the solutions contained within. CONCLUSION The policy's proposed actions reflect the policy-making environment in which it was conceived. A manifestation of this was unclear division of roles and responsibilities, lack of dedicated resources and inadequate focus on the social determinants of health. IMPLICATIONS As the policy's timeframe is drawing to its end, critical reflection on how the problem of nutrition has been represented over the previous decade provides greater insight and awareness to direct future public health nutrition work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Bastian
- School of Medicine, Flinders University, South Australia
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Significant effects of implementation of health-promoting schools on schoolteachers' nutrition knowledge and dietary intake in Taiwan. Public Health Nutr 2009; 13:579-88. [PMID: 19656439 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980009991017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although teachers are the key participants in health-promoting schools (HPS) programme delivery, it is still unknown whether teachers are appropriate health information resources and role models for students with respect to healthy diets. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of implementing HPS programmes on teachers' nutrition knowledge and diets. DESIGN One HPS programme aiming at dietary intervention (HP-D) and one HPS not aiming at dietary intervention (HP-ND) were selected, along with two non-health-promoting (NHP) schools matched for school size and urbanization level with the two HPS. All 361 teachers in the four schools were invited to participate, yielding a 78.4 % overall valid response rate. A structured, self-reported questionnaire was administered, with regression models used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Teachers in the HP-D group had a mean score of 21.1 on a range of 0-30 for nutrition knowledge, which was significantly higher than the mean scores of 18.5 in the HP-ND group and 19.1 in the NHP group (P < 0.001). Better dietary behaviours were also observed among HP-D teachers. Further, being a 'health education' course instructor was associated with significantly higher scores on nutrition knowledge (beta = 2.6, P < 0.001) and vegetable and fruit consumption (beta = 1.4, P = 0.02) in the HP-D group than in the NHP group. The HP-ND and NHP groups exhibited similar patterns of non-significant differences compared with the HP-D group. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of a coordinated HPS framework on nutrition and diet was positively correlated with schoolteachers' nutrition knowledge and dietary intake.
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Nutbeam D, Boxall AM. What influences the transfer of research into health policy and practice? Observations from England and Australia. Public Health 2008; 122:747-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2008.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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