Biju Mark J, Smit DP, E R, Sr R. Intermediate Uveitis: An Updated Review of the Differential Diagnosis and Relevant Special Investigations.
Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2025;
33:522-534. [PMID:
39810409 DOI:
10.1080/09273948.2025.2450473]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2024] [Revised: 12/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 01/16/2025]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide an update on both the differential diagnosis of intermediate uveitis (IU) and the special investigations that may be required to determine the underlying etiology of this condition. The authors describe how they identified the relevant publications included in this review and then proceed to outline the possible causes of IU by classifying them into the following categories: Idiopathic, infectious, systemic, genetic/hereditary, drug-induced and masquerades. Thereafter, the special investigations relevant to each cause are discussed individually.
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