Primary Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor of the Femur: Case Report and Review of a Rare Intraosseous Malignancy

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor of bone revealed by 18F-FDG PET/CT: a case report with literature review

A 50-year-old male presented with neck and shoulder pain. Chest CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed osteolytic bone destruction in the left first rib and thoracic vertebrae with increased FDG uptake. Rib biopsy pathology indicated desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT).18F-FDG PET/CT can accurately locate the distribution of DSRCT and further guide the location of needle biopsy to assist the DSRCT.

Highlighting the Diversity of Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor: A Case Series

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare malignant tumor that occurs mainly in the retroperitoneum of children and young adults. In its prototypical form, DSCRT displays characteristic morphology with nested primitive small round cells in a desmoplastic stroma and a distinctive immunophenotype with polyphenotypic differentiation. However, DSCRT can also exhibit a broader clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical spectrum and, therefore, cause diagnostic difficulties. Given that DSCRT is an aggressive and nearly universally fatal disease, making the correct diagnosis is critically important. Herein, we report three patients with DSRCT and unusual clinical, morphologic or immunohistochemical characteristics, in order to highlight its remarkable diversity and increase awareness of this unusual, distinctive neoplasm.