Tak HJ, Pan I, Halpern MT, Shih YT. Impact of race-specific screening guideline on the uptake of colorectal cancer screening among young African Americans.
Cancer Med 2022;
11:5013-5024. [PMID:
35644919 PMCID:
PMC9761086 DOI:
10.1002/cam4.4842]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND
African Americans (AAs) have had lower colorectal cancer (CRC) screening rates, higher incidence rate, and earlier mean age at onset. The 2017 U.S. Multi-Society Task Force (MSTF) recommended initiating CRC screening at age 45 for AAs and age 50 for non-AAs.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the impact of the 2017 MSTF's race-specific guidelines on CRC screening rate among young AAs.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
We used the 2015 and 2018 National Health Interview Survey to provide nationally representative estimates. The study sample included adults aged between 45 and 75 without a history of CRC, excluding screening recipients for diagnosis or surveillance purposes.
MAIN MEASURES
The outcome is a binary variable of CRC screening. Primary independent variables were age and race category (non-AAs aged 45-49, AAs 45-49, non-AAs 50-75, AAs 50-75), a binary variable indicating before or after the 2017 MSTF guideline (2015 vs. 2018), and their interaction terms. We employed a multivariable logistic model, adjusting for individual characteristics, and accounting for complex survey design.
KEY RESULTS
Among the total sample (n = 21,735), CRC screening rate increased from 54.6% in 2015 to 58.5% in 2018 (p < 0.01). By age and race, the screening rate exhibited an increase for all age and race groups except for young non-AAs. Compared to young non-AAs, the adjusted predicted probability (APP) of screening for young AAs was significantly higher by 0.10 (average marginal effect, 0.10; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.19) in 2018, while the difference was insignificant in 2015. Racial differences in screening among older adults were not significant in both years. The CRC screening rate was substantially lower among young AAs compared to older AAs (17.2% vs. 65.5% in 2018).
CONCLUSION
The race-specific recommendation is an effective policy tool to increase screening uptake and would contribute to reducing cancer disparities among racial/ethnic minorities.
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