A Survey of Intraocular Lens Explantation: A Retrospective Analysis of 23 IOLs Explanted during 2005

Indications and Outcomes of Intraocular Lens Explantation in a Tertiary Eyecare Center in Hungary between 2006 and 2020

Purpose

Our study aimed to evaluate the indications and outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) explantation surgeries in a tertiary eyecare center in Hungary.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study included all IOL explantation surgeries performed between 2006 and 2020 at the Department of Ophthalmology of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. There were no exclusion criteria for this study. For each patient, the demographics, clinical history, preoperative status, indications for IOL explantation, and operative and postoperative details were reviewed. Primary outcomes included explantation indications and the type of secondary implanted IOL.

Results

A total of 161 eyes from 153 patients were included (96 males; 62.7%); age at the time of the IOL explantation was 65.0 ± 17.4 years. The mean time between primary cataract surgery and IOL explantation was 8.5 ± 7.7 years. In total, 139 (86.3%) PCIOLs and 22 (13.7%) ACIOLs were explanted. The main indications for IOL explantation were dislocation (n = 133; 95.7%) and refractive cause (n = 2; 1.4%) in the PCIOL group. Among ACIOL explantations, the main reasons were pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (n = 14; 63.6%), dislocation (n = 4; 18.2%), and refractive cause (n = 2; 9.1%). In the PCIOL group, 115 (82.7%) primary IOLs were implanted in the capsular bag, 16 (11.5%) were sulcus fixated, and 8 (5.8%) were scleral fixated. The most frequent ocular comorbidities were previous vitrectomy (n = 50, 31.1%), previous ocular trauma (n = 45, 28.0%), glaucoma (n = 16, 9.9%), pseudoexfoliation syndrome (n = 15, 9.3%), and high axial myopia (n = 14, 8.7%). The most commonly used secondary IOL implant was the prepupillary iris-claw IOL (n = 115, 73.7%), followed by the retropupillary iris-claw IOL (n = 32, 20.5%). Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was significantly better following IOL exchange in the entire sample (1.57 ± 0.61 (range: 2.40-0.05) vs. 0.77 ± 0.56 (range: 2.40-0.00); p < 0.001). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was maintained or improved in 80.7% of cases after IOL explantation.

Conclusions

The most common indication for IOL explantation at a tertiary eyecare center in Hungary is IOL dislocation, followed by pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. Prepupillary and retropupillary iris-claw IOL are the most frequently used secondary implants and their use resulted in a significant UCVA improvement following IOL exchange.

Indications and outcomes of intraocular Lens Exchange among pseudophakic eyes in a Tertiary Referral Center

PURPOSE

To determine the indications and surgical outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) exchange in pseudophakic patients at Labbafinejad Tertiary Referral Center between 2014 and 2019.

METHODS

In this retrospective interventional case series, the medical records of 193 patients with a history of IOL exchange were reviewed. Preoperative data, including clinical characteristics, indications of the first and second IOL implantation, intra- and postoperative complications due to IOL exchange, and the pre-and postoperative refractive error and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were considered the outcome measures in this study. All postoperative data were analyzed at least six months after follow-up.

RESULTS

The mean age of our participants was 59.13 ± 20.97 years old at the time of the IOL exchange, with a male percentage of 63.2%. The mean follow-up after the IOL exchange was 15.72 ± 16.28 months. The main indications of IOL exchange were IOL decentration (50.3%), corneal decompensation (30.6%), and residual refractive errors (8.3%). 57.10% of patients with the postoperative spherical equivalent at -2.00 diopter (D) to + 2.00D. The mean best-corrected visual acuity was 0.82 ± 0.76 LogMAR before the IOL exchange and was improved to 0.73 ± 0.79 LogMAR after the surgery. Corneal decompensation (6.2%), glaucoma (4.7%), retinal detachment (4.1%), cystoid macular edema (2.1%), and uveitis (1%) were found as the postoperative complications. There was only one case with suprachoroidal hemorrhage during IOL exchange.

CONCLUSIONS

IOL decentration followed by corneal decompensation was the most common indication of IOL exchange. After IOL exchange, the most complications during follow-up were corneal decompensation, glaucoma, retinal detachment, and cystoid macular edema.

Fifteen years of IOL exchange: indications, outcomes, and complications

PURPOSE

To report the indications, frequency, and outcomes regarding intraocular lens (IOL) exchange in 2 university hospital tertiary referral settings over a period of 15 years.

SETTING

Ophthalmology departments of the University Hospital Antwerp and the University Hospital Leuven, Belgium.

DESIGN

Retrospective cross-sectional study.

METHODS

In this retrospective study, included were patients who underwent an IOL exchange between 2002 and 2017. Patient demographics, surgical indication, comorbidities, visual outcomes, and complications were reported. Patients who underwent IOL repositioning or add-on IOL implantation or extraction, and patients who were left aphakic, were excluded.

RESULTS

Included in the study were 492 eyes. The mean age was 66.0 ± 13.3 years (range 19-91 years). The mean time between primary surgery and IOL exchange was 54.61 ± 67.07 months (range 0-343 months). Primary indication for explantation was IOL opacification, and the most common ophthalmic comorbidity was a previous history of vitreoretinal surgery. Preoperatively, the mean uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were 0.47 ± 0.27 (range 0-1) and 0.61 ± 0.32 (range 0-1.2), respectively. Postoperative UCVA and CDVA was 0.7 ± 0.3 (range 0-1.2) and 0.8 ± 0.28 (range 0.05-1.6), respectively. The increase in both CDVA and UCVA was statistically significant (P < .001, paired t test). The most common complication perioperatively was vitreous prolapse, which occurred in 61 eyes (16%).

CONCLUSIONS

IOL exchange is a challenging yet valuable treatment option for a wide spectrum of problematic IOL outcomes. The most common indication remains IOL opacification, although IOL dislocation and patient dissatisfaction are increasing as indications.

Intraocular lens explantation in Spain: indications and outcomes at a tertiary referral center from 2010 to 2018

PURPOSE

To evaluate the causes of IOL explantation, techniques for secondary IOL implantation, visual outcomes and complications.

METHODS

Setting: Department of Ophthalmology Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña, Spain.

DESIGN

Retrospective study. All explanted IOLs from January 2010 to June 2018 were included. Medical records were reviewed to determine the surgical indication for IOL explantation, type of IOL implanted, time between surgeries, visual outcomes and surgical complications.

RESULTS

One hundred forty-one IOLs were explanted (134 patients). Mean time from original surgery to IOL explantation was 7.89 ± 5.81 years. Causes of IOL explantation were IOL dislocation (81.56%)-in-the-bag IOL dislocation (71.63%), out-of-the-bag IOL dislocation (9.9%)-corneal decompensation (12.05%), refractive surprise (3.5%), uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome (1.4%), IOL opacification (1.4%). Procedures for secondary IOL implantation were retropupillar iris-claw IOL (63.8%), flanged scleral fixated IOL (9.2%), three-piece IOL in ciliary sulcus (8.5%), angle-supported anterior chamber IOL (7.1%), in-the-bag IOL (3.5%), scleral fixated IOL with sutures (0.7%). Ten cases (7.1%) were left aphakic. Mean preoperative and postoperative logMAR CDVA were 1.34 ± 0.87 and 0.63 ± 0.69, respectively (p = 0.000). Mean preoperative IOP and postoperative IOP were 16.78 ± 4.49 and 15.53 ± 3.476 mmHg, respectively (p = 0.005). Complications include cystoid macular edema (7.8%), glaucoma (7.1%), IOL luxation (2.1%), retinal detachment (1.4%), trophic ulcer and leucoma (1.4%), corneal decompensation (1.4%).

CONCLUSIONS

In-the-bag IOL dislocation was the most frequent indication for IOL explantation, followed by pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. Simultaneous IOL exchange for a retropupillar iris-claw IOL was the most frequent procedure for secondary IOL implantation. Mean CDVA improved significantly and IOP decreased significantly after IOL explantation. The most frequent postoperative complication was cystoid macular edema.

A pilot study of intraocular lens explantation in 69 eyes in Chinese patients

AIM

To study the effects of intraocular lens (IOL) explantation and demographic characteristics.

METHODS

Retrospective non-comparative case series. Clinical data recorded from patient charts included the following: demographic, preoperative and postoperative characteristics; complications; surgical methods, and changes in visual acuity.

RESULTS

A total of 69 eyes in 67 Chinese patients who received IOL explants were studied. The patients' mean age at the time of explantation was 46.1 years old [SD 22.5 (6-85)], and 37 patients were female (55.2%). Regarding employment, 47.8% were farmers, 23.9% were retired, 16.4% were students, 4.5% were unemployed, 3% were workers, and 4.5% were other (including staff members, teachers and officers). The main reasons for explantation were dislocation/decentration in 41 cases (59.4%) and retinal detachment in 10 cases (14.5%). The third most prevalent cause was incorrect lens power in 7 eyes (10.1%). The remaining reasons were endophthalmitis in 6 cases (8.7%), posterior capsular opacity in 3 eyes (4.3%), and impacting retinal surgery operation in 2 cases (2.9%). The main comorbidities were high myopia in 18 eyes (26.1%), trauma in 8 eyes (11.6%), retinal detachment in 6 eyes (8.7%), congenital cataracts in 8 eyes (11.6%), and Marfan's syndrome in 2 eyes (2.9%). The mean time from implantation to explantation was 4.0y [SD 4.2 (0.005-15)]. Treatment after explantation included posterior chamber IOL implantation in 44 eyes (63.8%) and aphakia in 25 eyes (36.2%). After surgery, the best corrected visual ability (BCVA) was improved in 50 cases (72.5%), including 28 patients (40.6%) in whom visual ability was improved by more than two lines.

CONCLUSION

Dislocation/decentration is the main cause for explantation, and high myopia is a main risk factor. Posterior chamber IOL implantation remains the most elected treatment after explantation.

Multifocal intraocular lens explantation: a case series of 50 eyes

OBJECTIVE

To assess the visual complaints, reasons, and patient satisfaction for multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) explantation.

DESIGN

Retrospective observational case series.

METHODS

This study evaluated 50 eyes of 37 patients who underwent multifocal IOL explantation followed by IOL implantation. Before and 3 months after IOL exchange surgery, we investigated the symptoms, reasons, patient demographics, clinical results, and patient satisfaction in eyes undergoing multifocal IOL explantation. Data collected included preoperative subjective and objective findings, reasons, IOL type, postoperative course, and patient satisfaction.

RESULTS

The most common complaints for IOL explantation were waxy vision, followed by glare and halos, blurred vision at far, dysphotopsia, blurred vision at near, and blurred vision at intermediate. The most common reasons for IOL explantation were decreased contrast sensitivity, followed by photic phenomenon, unknown origin including neuroadaptation failure, incorrect IOL power, preoperative excessive expectation, IOL dislocation/decentration, and anisometropia. The axial length was 25.13±1.83 mm. Of the explanted multifocal IOLs, 84% were diffractive and 16% were refractive. Monofocal IOLs accounted for 90% of the exchanged IOLs. Patient satisfaction was significantly improved from 1.22±0.55 preoperatively to 3.78±0.97 postoperatively, which was graded on a scale of 1 (very dissatisfied) to 5 (very satisfied) (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Multifocal IOL explantation was required in some patients undergoing multifocal IOL implantation. IOL exchange surgery appears to be a feasible surgical option for dissatisfied patients with persistent visual symptoms after multifocal IOL implantation.