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Inoda S, Takahashi H, Takahashi R, Hashimoto Y, Yoshida H, Tsukii R, Takahashi H, Kawashima H, Yanagi Y. One-year outcome of brolucizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration in Japanese patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2451. [PMID: 38291120 PMCID: PMC10827718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
A new anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agent, brolucizumab, was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2019. We evaluated whether brolucizumab reduces the treatment burden of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) after switching by examining 1-year treatment outcomes in a real-world setting. This retrospective single-institution study included 107 consecutive eyes with nAMD treated with brolucizumab. Among these eyes, 30 with treatment-naïve nAMD and 77 treated with other anti-VEGF agents for more than a year were included. All eyes were managed using a treat and extend (TAE) or modified TAE regimen. The last injection intervals at 52 weeks were 12.9 and 12.1 weeks in the treatment-naïve and switch therapy groups, respectively. Among switch therapy group patients whose pre-switch injection intervals were shorter than 120 days (n = 62 eyes), the injection interval was significantly longer after the switch than before, with a mean difference of 2.7 weeks (P < 0.0001). Intraocular inflammation events occurred in 2 and 7 treatment-naïve and switch therapy patients, respectively. In conclusion, brolucizumab might reduce the treatment burden in patients who required the injection of other anti-VEGF agents with a 120-day interval or shorter, despite a relatively high discontinuation rate due to intraocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Inoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0431, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0431, Japan.
| | - Ryota Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0431, Japan
| | - Yuto Hashimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0431, Japan
| | - Hana Yoshida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0431, Japan
| | - Rika Tsukii
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0431, Japan
| | - Hironori Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0431, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kawashima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi, 329-0431, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-Technology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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Pakravan P, Patel V, Lai J, Shaheen A, Kalahasty K, Reyes-Capo DP, Chau V, Rosenfeld PJ, Haddock LJ, Schwartz SG, Smiddy WE, Kovach JL, Sridhar J, Flynn HW, Albini TA, Yannuzzi NA. INTRAOCULAR INFLAMMATION INCIDENCE AFTER INTRAVITREAL BROLUCIZUMAB INJECTION FOR EXUDATIVE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION. Retina 2023; 43:1717-1722. [PMID: 37320859 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the clinical outcomes of intraocular inflammation (IOI) of eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) injected with brolucizumab in our tertiary referral center. METHODS A retrospective case series for which clinical records of all eyes that received intravitreal brolucizumab at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute between December 1, 2019, and April 1, 2021, were reviewed. RESULTS There were 345 eyes of 278 patients who received 801 brolucizumab injections. IOI was detected in 16 eyes of 13 patients (4.6%). In those patients, baseline Logarithm of Minimu Angle of Resolution (logMAR) best-corrected visual acuity was 0.32 0.2 (20/42), while it was 0.58 0.3 (20/76) at IOI presentation. The mean number of injections among eyes experiencing IOI was 2.4, and the interval between the last brolucizumab injection and IOI presentation was 20 days. There was no known case of retinal vasculitis. Management of IOI included topical steroids in seven eyes (54%), topical and systemic steroids in five eyes (38%), and observation in one eye (8%). Best-corrected visual acuity returned to baseline and inflammation resolved in all eyes by the last follow-up examination. CONCLUSION Intraocular inflammation after brolucizumab injection for neovascular AMD was not uncommon. Inflammation resolved in all eyes by the last follow-up visit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastou Pakravan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Garweg JG, Keiper J, Pfister IB, Schild C. Functional Outcomes of Brolucizumab-Induced Intraocular Inflammation Involving the Posterior Segment-A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4671. [PMID: 37510788 PMCID: PMC10380786 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early poor outcomes of intraocular inflammation (IOI) after intravitreal brolucizumab (IVB) have negatively affected the use of brolucizumab in clinical routine. We wished to identify factors related to the treatment details of IOI involving the posterior segment resulting from IVB for neovascular AMD (nAMD), if these were reported in detail. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, ClinicalTrials, and CENTRAL using the following search terms: <Brolucizumab> AND <AMD> AND <intraocular inflammation>. The risk of bias was rated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool. We included 31 reports (41 patients and 46 eyes). Patients were 75.9 ± 8.5 years, and 58.5% were female. IOI occurred 41.7 ± 37.5 (median 37.0) days after treatment initiation with 2.0 ± 1.3 (1-6) IVB injections. A mean change in visual acuity of -14.6 ± 21.0 (median -6.5) letters was reported. The mean time from first IOI signs to the initiation of any anti-inflammatory treatment was 3.3 ± 6.2 days, with 63% of the patients receiving systemic corticosteroids as standard treatment. Finally, a period effect was observed, with a change in visual acuity of -25.3 ± 27.1 and -2.6 ± 7.3 letters in the chronologically first and last third, respectively, of treated eyes (effect size: r = 0.71; p = 0.006). Functional outcomes markedly improved with increasing experience in managing IOI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus G Garweg
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Disease, Berner Augenklinik, 3007 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital (Bern University Hospital), University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Judith Keiper
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Disease, Berner Augenklinik, 3007 Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital (Bern University Hospital), University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Isabel B Pfister
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Disease, Berner Augenklinik, 3007 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christin Schild
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Disease, Berner Augenklinik, 3007 Bern, Switzerland
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Montolío-Marzo S, Vidal-Oliver L, Montolío-Marzo E, Dolz-Marco R, Gallego-Pinazo R. Differential diagnosis of endophthalmitis after intravitreal drug injection for age related macular degeneration: Sterile vs. infectious. ARCHIVOS DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE OFTALMOLOGIA 2023:S2173-5794(23)00091-9. [PMID: 37285959 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftale.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The recent release of brolucizumab and the development of new antiangiogenic molecules as abicipar pegol has increased the interest towards inflammatory complications after intravitreal drug injection. Those drugs are associated to a higher rate of inflammatory adverse events compared to classic drugs. In this context it is essential to differentiate between sterile and infectious cases for a fast and effective treatment. The clinical similarities between infectious and sterile cases, the high rate of culture negative patients and the heterogeneity in the terminology used are obstacles for a correct diagnosis and report of these complications. Sterile cases appear early after the injection, before 48 hours; or 20 days after in brolucizumab-related vasculitis cases. Infectious cases show up around the third day after injection and up to a week after it. A severe visual impairment, severe pain, severe hyperemia, hypopyon and a more severe intraocular inflammatory process are signs of a likely infectious origin. If the cause of the inflammation is uncertain we must follow up the patient closely or "tap and inject" antimicrobial agents in order to prevent the eventual complications of an infectious endophthalmitis. On the other hand, sterile endophthalmitis might be observed in mild cases or treated with steroids according to the severity of the inflammation.
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Radke NV, Mohamed S, Brown RB, Ibrahim I, Chhablani J, Amin SV, Tsang CW, Brelen ME, Raichand NS, Fang D, Zhang S, Dai H, Chen GLJ, Cheung CMG, Hariprasad SM, Das T, Lam DSC. Review on the Safety and Efficacy of Brolucizumab for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration From Major Studies and Real-World Data. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2023; 12:168-183. [PMID: 36971706 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent antivascular endothelial growth factor injections in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) often lead to poor compliance and suboptimal outcomes. A longer-acting agent has been a pressing unmet need until recently. Brolucizumab, an antivascular endothelial growth factor agent, is a single-chain antibody fragment approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on October 8, 2019, for treating nAMD. It delivers more molecules at equivalent volumes of aflibercept, thus achieving a longer-lasting effect. We reviewed literature published in English between January 2016 and October 2022 from MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane database, Embase, and Google scholar using the keywords: "Brolucizumab, real-world data, intraocular inflammation (IOI), safety, and efficacy". Brolucizumab showed reduced injection frequency, better anatomic outcomes, and noninferior vision gains compared with aflibercept in HAWK and HARRIER studies. However, post hoc studies on brolucizumab revealed a higher-than-expected incidence of IOI, leading to the early termination of 3 studies: MERLIN, RAPTOR, and RAVEN for nAMD, branch retinal vein occlusion, and central retinal vein occlusion, respectively. Contrastingly real-world data showed encouraging outcomes in terms of fewer IOI cases. The subsequent amendment of the treatment protocol resulted in reduced IOI. Thereafter US FDA approved its use in diabetic macular edema on June 1, 2022. Based on major studies and real-world data, this review shows that brolucizumab is effective for treating naive and refractory nAMD. The risk of IOI is acceptable and manageable, but proper preinjection screening and high-vigilance care of IOI are needed. More studies are warranted to evaluate further the incidence, best prevention, and treatment measures for IOI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant V Radke
- The C-MER Drugs and Medical Devices Research and Development Center, Shenzhen, China
- The C-MER (Shenzhen), Dennis Lam Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaheeda Mohamed
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Ilyana Ibrahim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | - Jay Chhablani
- University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Eye Centre, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Shivam V Amin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Chi-Wai Tsang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marten E Brelen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Dong Fang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaochong Zhang
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Dai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guy Li Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Seenu M Hariprasad
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Taraprasad Das
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institue-Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Disease, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dennis S C Lam
- The C-MER Drugs and Medical Devices Research and Development Center, Shenzhen, China
- The C-MER International Eye Research Center of The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
- The C-MER Dennis Lam and Partners Eye Center, C-MER International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong, China
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Karasavvidou EM, Tranos P, Panos GD. Brolucizumab for the Treatment of Degenerative Macular Conditions: A Review of Clinical Studies. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2659-2680. [PMID: 35971530 PMCID: PMC9375562 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s378450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion represent some of the commonest degenerative conditions that lead to severe vision impairment in the developed countries. The gold standard treatment of complications associated with these conditions is the intravitreal administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents. Brolucizumab is a newly developed, humanised, single-chain fragment of a monoclonal antibody binding all VEGF-A isoforms, which was recently approved for the treatment of neovascular AMD. Intravitreal brolucizumab promises to reduce treatment burden for nAMD patients by achieving comparable therapeutic outcomes with fewer clinic visits. Promising also appears its use for the treatment of more challenging maculopathies like diabetic macular oedema (DMO). The aim of this review is to describe the special pharmacological properties of brolucizumab and display the outcomes of the most important clinical trials and real-world studies regarding its efficacy and safety for the management of degenerative macular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georgios D Panos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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7
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Chuan J, Liu L, Feng Y, Wang M, Li G, Lv Q. The Efficacy and Safety of Brolucizumab for the Treatment of nAMD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:890732. [PMID: 35645802 PMCID: PMC9136056 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.890732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: As demonstrated in pivotal clinical trials, brolucizumab can be used to treat neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) because it antagonizes vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the vitreous. However, brolucizumab may cause retinal vasculitis obliterans in the presence of inflammation in the eyes. In the present study, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab. Methods:ClinicTrail.gov., Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed were retrieved from inception until 31 December 2021 for RCTs assessing the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab. Changes in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central sub-field thickness (CSFT) and incidence of adverse events, serious adverse events, and serious ocular adverse events were extracted from eligible RCTs. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4.1. Results: A total of six RCTs with 3,574 participants were finally involved in this meta-analysis. The changes of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) showed no statistically significant difference between the brolucizumab-treated group and aflibercept-treated group. Brolucizumab induced higher central sub-field thickness (CSFT) reduction than the control agent (aflibercept). The incidence of adverse events was similar between the brolucizumab group and control group (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.37 to 1.08, p = 0.09), and brolucizumab caused fewer serious adverse events (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63 to 0.95, p = 0.01). However, brolucizumab could lead to more serious ocular adverse events than Lucentis and aflibercept (OR 2.15, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.16, p = 0.02). Conclusion: Brolucizumab was non-inferior to other anti-VEGF agents in improving BCVA and decreasing CSFT. But it caused more serious ocular adverse events which is worthy of special attention by ophthalmologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlan Chuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Junlan Chuan, ; Gang Li, ; Qin Lv,
| | - Lianqiao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumei Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang People’s Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Mengdan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Traffic Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Junlan Chuan, ; Gang Li, ; Qin Lv,
| | - Qin Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Junlan Chuan, ; Gang Li, ; Qin Lv,
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