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Zhang J, Pan Y, Yang H, Hu S, Zheng S, He T. Genetically predicted retinal vascular occlusion in relation to cardiovascular diseases: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Ann Hum Genet 2024; 88:336-348. [PMID: 38369935 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increasing evidence implicates retinal vascular occlusions as a susceptibility factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), whereas inconsistent results on the relationship were reported in previous observational studies. This research using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis aimed to investigate the potential association between genetically determined central/branch retinal artery and retinal vein occlusions (CRAO/BRAO/RVO) and the risk of CVD. METHODS Summary statistics of retinal vascular occlusions from the largest available genome-wide association study of European descent were used to investigate their relationship with CVDs, and vice versa. Primary analyses were conducted using the common inverse-variance weighted approach. Several complementary sensitivity analyses were performed to verify the reliability of our results. RESULTS Inverse variance weighted method showed suggestive effects of genetically determined RVO on ischemic stroke (IS) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.021, 95% confidence [CI] = 1.004-1.037, p = 0.012), a genetic liability to CRAO increased the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) (OR = 1.014, 95% CI = 1.006-1.023, p = 7.0 × 10-4). In addition, genetic predisposition to BRAO had a positive effect on stroke (OR = 1.008, 95% CI = 1.002-1.013, p = 0.011), IS (OR = 1.007, 95% CI = 1.001-1.014, p = 0.022), and cardioembolic stroke (CES) (OR = 1.018, 95% CI = 1.006-1.031, p = 0.004). The point estimates from sensitivity analyses were in the same direction. Reverse MR analyses found no significant evidence for the effect of CVDs on retinal vascular occlusions. CONCLUSION Our MR study provides potential evidence that retinal vascular occlusions are causally linked to increased risk of CVDs including IS, MI, stroke, and CES. This supports the need for clinical CVD screening in individuals with retinal vascular occlusions. Further investigations are warranted to clarify the effects of CVDs on ocular comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yiji Pan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqiong Hu
- Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, PuAi Hospital, Anlu, The People's Republic of China
| | - Tao He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, The People's Republic of China
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Forte G, Battagliola ET, Malvasi M, Ruberti N, Daniele P, Mantovani A, Bocca B, Pacella E. Trace Element Concentration in the Blood and Aqueous Humor of Subjects with Eye Cataract. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04207-3. [PMID: 38687421 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cataract, characterized by the opacification of the lens, is the leading cause of reversible blindness and visual impairment globally. The study aims to investigate the role of trace elements such as Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn in the development and severity of cataract. Elements were quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in blood and aqueous humor of 32 cataract cases and 27 controls living in the Latium region, Italy. The association between element concentration in blood and aqueous humor and cataract severity, gender, and age of subjects were also assessed. Results showed Cr levels significantly elevated in both blood and aqueous humor of cataract cases, with concentrations that increased with cataract severity. In addition, blood Pb levels were significantly higher in older cases and positively correlated with the age of cataract cases, while blood Co and Cu levels negatively correlated with cataract severity, suggesting changes in the levels of these elements. In conclusion, this study provides evidence of the involvement of specific elements in cataract development and severity, and the findings highlighted important avenues for future research. Understanding the biological mechanism underlying element-induced cataract may contribute to preventing cataractogenesis and providing targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Forte
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mariaelena Malvasi
- Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Niccolò Ruberti
- Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Daniele
- Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Pacella
- Department of Sense Organs, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Liu X, Shen W, Xia W, Lu P. Early effects of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents on cornea and visual acuity in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2023; 42:213-218. [PMID: 37417939 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2023.2234036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the early effects of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents on the cornea and visual acuity in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS This retrospective study enrolled patients who were administered conbercept or ranibizumab to treat DR. Fundus photograph, fluorescein angiograph, and optical coherence tomography were preoperatively performed. The patients were classified into two groups: nonproliferative DR (NPDR) and PDR. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), specular microscopy, central corneal thickness (CCT), and intraocular pressure were obtained before injection and at 1 day and 7 days after injection. The effects of anti-VEGF agents on BCVA and CCT were compared between the groups receiving conbercept and ranibizumab and between NPDR and PDR eyes. RESULTS A total 38 eyes (30 patients) were enrolled in this study. Twenty-one eyes received conbercept, and 17 eyes received ranibizumab. Twenty eyes were classified as NPDR and 18 eyes as PDR. No significant differences were found between the groups receiving conbercept and ranibizumab in the increase in BCVA nor in the increase of CCT at 1 day and 7 days after injection. As compared with NPDR eyes, PDR eyes demonstrated a significantly greater increase in CCT (-5.3 ± 3.7 vs. 6.5 ± 2.9 μm, P = 0.02 < 0.05) but not in BCVA (P = 0.33) at 1 day after injection. At 7 days after injection, no significant differences were found in the increase in BCVA nor in the increase of CCT between NPDR eyes and PDR eyes. CONCLUSION Intravitreal administration of anti-VEGF agents could cause a small but significant greater increase in CCT in PDR than in NPDR eyes in the early period. In patients with DR, no significant difference was found between conbercept and ranibizumab in the early effects on the visual acuity nor in the cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanli Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Feltgen N, Ochmann T, Hoerauf H. [Internistic clarification of retinal vascular occlusions]. DIE OPHTHALMOLOGIE 2023; 120:1287-1294. [PMID: 38010390 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-023-01961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Retinal vascular occlusions require close cooperation of different medical disciplines to ensure optimal care of the affected patients. The medical clarification between arterial and venous occlusions is comparable but in the case of retinal arterial occlusions it should be carried out immediately. The most important associated diagnoses are arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation. In younger patients and in the absence of risk factors, a search for rarer causes should be carried out giant cell arteritis in particular should be excluded. In both types of occlusions a causative glaucoma must also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Feltgen
- Augenklinik der Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland.
- Augenklinik, Universitätsspital Basel, Mittlere Str. 91, 4031, Basel, Schweiz.
| | - Tabea Ochmann
- Augenklinik der Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
| | - Hans Hoerauf
- Augenklinik der Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Deutschland
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Zhang JT, Cui S, Li Q, Li JR, Zhang YF, Zheng YH. Sleep-disordered breathing is related to retinal vein occlusion: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35411. [PMID: 37832067 PMCID: PMC10578690 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies suggest that sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) may be a potential risk factor of retinal vein occlusion (RVO). We conducted a meta-analysis to systematically explore the relationship between RVO and SDB. METHODS Observational studies assessing the relationship between SDB and RVO were retrieved by searches of electronic databases including the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wan Fang databases from database inception to August 9, 2023. In consideration of intra-study heterogeneity, a random-effects model was adopted to combine the results. RESULTS Seven studies (1 retrospective cohort and 6 case-control studies) were included in this meta-analysis, and among 36,628 adults included in those studies, 6452 (17.6%) had SDB. The combined results indicated that SDB was associated with RVO [risk ratio (RR): 1.92, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.60-2.30, P < .001] with no significant heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). Subgroup analyses showed consistent relationships between SDB and any RVO (RR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.13-2.28, P < .001), central RVO (RR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.57-3.08, P < .001), and branch RVO (RR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.15-2.99, P = .01). Moreover, the relationship was consistent among patients with mild (RR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.32-2.53, P < .001), moderate (RR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.65-2.85, P < .001), and severe SDB (RR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.96-3.62, P < .001). The association was consistent in studies that adjusted for age and sex (RR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.50-3.13, P < .001), and in studies with additional adjustment for comorbidities (RR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.42-2.25, P < .001). CONCLUSION SDB is associated with RVO in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Tao Zhang
- Department Ophthalmology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Sha Cui
- Department Ophthalmology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department Ophthalmology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Jin-Rong Li
- Department Ophthalmology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yan-Fang Zhang
- Department Ophthalmology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yan-Huang Zheng
- Department Ophthalmology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
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Feltgen N, Agostini H. Retinal Vascular Occlusion and Underlying Generalized Vascular Diseases. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2023; 240:1071-1076. [PMID: 37216967 DOI: 10.1055/a-2097-0938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Retinal vascular occlusion not only threatens vision loss but is also associated with other systemic risk factors and vascular diseases. Interdisciplinary cooperation is of great importance in these patients. The risk factors hardly differ between arterial and venous retinal occlusions, which is due to the special anatomy of retinal vessels. Major underlying conditions associated with retinal vascular occlusion include arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cardiac disease, particularly atrial fibrillation, or vasculitis of large- and middle-sized arteries. Every new diagnosed retinal vascular occlusion should therefore be taken as an occasion to search for risk factors and possibly adjust an already existing therapy in order to prevent further vascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Feltgen
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Deutschland
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Ji Y, Ji Y, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Zhang L. Research progress on diagnosing retinal vascular diseases based on artificial intelligence and fundus images. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1168327. [PMID: 37056999 PMCID: PMC10086262 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1168327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
As the only blood vessels that can directly be seen in the whole body, pathological changes in retinal vessels are related to the metabolic state of the whole body and many systems, which seriously affect the vision and quality of life of patients. Timely diagnosis and treatment are key to improving vision prognosis. In recent years, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the application of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology has become increasingly extensive and in-depth, especially in the field of retinal vascular diseases. Research study results based on artificial intelligence and fundus images are remarkable and provides a great possibility for early diagnosis and treatment. This paper reviews the recent research progress on artificial intelligence in retinal vascular diseases (including diabetic retinopathy, hypertensive retinopathy, retinal vein occlusion, retinopathy of prematurity, and age-related macular degeneration). The limitations and challenges of the research process are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Ji
- The Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Bigdata in Ophthalmology, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Ji
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yunfang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Liya Zhang, ; Ying Zhao,
| | - Liya Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People’s Hospital of Huzhou, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Liya Zhang, ; Ying Zhao,
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Ding X, Wang Y, Zou B, Zang D, Hao Y. Effect of Conbercept Treatment on Macular Edema and Microvascular Structure in Eyes with Retinal Vein Occlusions. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:7311-7318. [PMID: 36133911 PMCID: PMC9484829 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s373015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fushun Eye Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xiaoxia Ding, Fushun Eye Hospital, No. 1 Hupo Street, Xinfu District, Fushun, 113008, People’s Republic of China, Email
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fushun Eye Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fushun Eye Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongxiao Zang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fushun Eye Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Hao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fushun Eye Hospital, Fushun, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou J, Ma H, Zhou X, Wang Q, Li W, Luo S, Cai C, Li Z, Liu D. Two-Week Central Macular Thickness Reduction Rate >37% Predicts the Long-Term Efficacy of Anti-vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:851238. [PMID: 35355596 PMCID: PMC8959117 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.851238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveTo determine if the early response assessments can predict the long-term efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME).MethodsA retrospective study of patients with diagnosis of RVO-ME and intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment was conducted. Clinical characteristics including age, gender, disease subtype and disease duration were recorded at baseline. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA and logMAR), intraocular pressure (IOP), and central macular thickness (CMT) were recorded at baseline, 2 weeks, and every month (months 1–6) after injection. Further, we compared the early response assessments between the cured group (6-month CMT ≤ 250 μm) and the uncured group (6-month CMT > 250 μm).ResultsA total of 164 eyes in 164 patients (77 male and 87 female) were included. At each post-injection time point, both BCVA and CMT are significantly decreased from baseline (all P < 0.001). Spearman’s test showed that 2-week CMT reduction rate after the first injection was negatively correlated with BCVA at 6 months (r = −0.359, P < 0.001). Compared with the uncured group (47 cases), the cured group (117 cases) was younger (59.53 ± 11.68 vs. 65.19 ± 13.10 years old, P < 0.01), had more BRVO patients (76.1% vs. 44.7%, P < 0.01), a shorter disease duration (1.92 ± 2.43 vs. 5.05 ± 4.32 months, P < 0.01), lower baseline CMT (527.09 ± 154.95 vs. 768.96 ± 287.75 μm, P < 0.01), and lower baseline BCVA (0.86 ± 0.44 vs. 1.31 ± 0.51, P < 0.01). At each post-injection time point, the cured group had lower CMT and BCVA values when compared to the uncured group (all P < 0.01), and the 2-week CMT reduction rate was identified as the earliest response time to predict the long-term treatment efficacy. Moreover, ROC curve analysis indicated that a 2-week CMT reduction rate >37% yielded the best cut-off point for predicting the long-term cure of anti-VEGF treatment at 6 months (P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression confirmed that the 2-week CMT reduction rate >37% was independently associated with the 6-month cured rate (OR = 9.639, 95% Cl = 1.030–90.227, P = 0.047).ConclusionAge, disease duration, baseline CMT, and baseline BCVA are associated with visual outcomes at 6-month of anti-VEGF treatment for RVO-ME. The “2-week CMT reduction rate >37%” after the first injection is an independent factor to predict better long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huafeng Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiyuan Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuyu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weihou Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zefeng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Danning Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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