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Hu C, Ji F, Lv R, Zhou H, Hou G, Xu T. Putrescine promotes MMP9-induced angiogenesis in skeletal muscle through hydrogen peroxide/METTL3 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:433-447. [PMID: 38159892 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Blood vessels play a crucial role in the development of skeletal muscle, ensuring the supply of nutrients and oxygen. Putrescine, an essential polyamine for eukaryotic cells, has an unclear impact on skeletal muscle angiogenesis. In this study, we observed lower vessel density and reduced putrescine level in the muscle of low-birth-weight piglet models, and identified a positive correlation between putrescine content and muscle vessel density. Furthermore, putrescine was found to promote angiogenesis in skeletal muscle both in vitro and in vivo by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). On a mechanistic level, putrescine augmented the expression of methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3) by attenuating hydrogen peroxide production, thereby increasing the level of N6-methyladenosine (m6A)-modified MMP9 mRNA. This m6A-modified MMP9 mRNA was subsequently recognized and bound by the YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 (YTHDF1), enhancing the stability of MMP9 mRNA and its protein expression, consequently accelerating angiogenesis in skeletal muscle. In summary, our findings suggest that putrescine enhances MMP9-mediated angiogenesis in skeletal muscle via the hydrogen peroxide/METTL3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Hu
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, 524013, China
| | - Fengjie Ji
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Renlong Lv
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China; Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, 524013, China
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
| | - Tieshan Xu
- Tropical Crop Genetic Resource Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China.
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Abbassi-Daloii T, Mallon SD, Abdellaoui SE, Voortman LM, Raz V. High-throughput Analysis of Capillary Density in Skeletal Muscle Cross Sections. Bio Protoc 2024; 14:e4922. [PMID: 38268975 PMCID: PMC10804241 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Capillary density in skeletal muscles is key to estimate exercise capacity in healthy individuals, athletes, and those with muscle-related pathologies. Here, we present a step-by-step, high-throughput semi-automated method for quantifying capillary density from whole human skeletal muscle cross-sections, in areas of the muscle occupied by myofibers. We provide a detailed protocol for immunofluorescence staining, image acquisition, processing, and quantification. Image processing is performed in ImageJ, and data analysis is conducted in R. The provided protocol allows high-throughput quantification of capillary density. Key features • This protocol builds upon the method and results described in Abbassi-Daloii et al. (2023b). • It includes step-by-step details on image acquisition and image processing of the entire muscle section. • It enables high-throughput and semi-automated image quantification of capillary density. • It provides a robust analysis for determining capillary density over the entire muscle cross section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Abbassi-Daloii
- Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre,
Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Bioinformatics-BiGCaT/NUTRIM,
Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander D. Mallon
- Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre,
Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Lenard M. Voortman
- Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical
Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Vered Raz
- Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre,
Leiden, The Netherlands
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Miyasato RS, Felix AJ, Andrade-Lima A, Silva Júnior NDD, Ritti-Dias RM, Wolosker N, Cornelissen V, Goessler KF, Forjaz CLDM. Physiological responses during walking in men and women with intermittent claudication. Einstein (Sao Paulo) 2023; 21:eAO0120. [PMID: 38126545 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2023ao0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Miyasato et al. show that peak oxygen consumption, walking economy, anaerobic threshold, and cardiovascular responses (heart rate, blood pressure, and rate pressure product) during walking were similar between men and women with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication. There were no differences in the physiological responses to walking between men and women with intermittent claudication. Sex per se is not a factor that demands changes in walking prescription for patients with intermittent claudication. OBJECTIVE Peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), anaerobic threshold, walking economy, and cardiovascular responses during walking are used to guide and monitor walking training in patients with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication. Women with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication present greater impairments than men, and evaluating training markers according to sex for decisions regarding walking prescription in this population is important. This study aimed to compare VO2peak, walking economy, anaerobic threshold, and cardiovascular responses during walking in men and women with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication. METHODS Forty patients (20 men and 20 women with similar baseline characteristics) underwent a cardiopulmonary treadmill test (3.2km/h and 2% increase in slope every 2 minutes until maximal leg pain). The VO2 and rate-pressure product were assessed. Data from men and women were compared using t-tests. RESULTS There were no significant differences between men and women (VO2peak: 15.0±4.8 versus 13.9±2.9mL∙kg-1∙min-1, p=0.38; walking economy: 9.6±2.7 versus 8.4±1.6mL∙kg-1∙min-1, p=0.09; anaerobic threshold: 10.5±3.2 versus 10.5±2.2mL∙kg-1∙min-1, p=0.98; rate pressure product at 1st stage: 13,465± 2,910 versus 14,445±4,379bpm∙mmHg, p=0.41; and rate pressure product at anaerobic threshold:13,673±3,100 versus 16,390±5,870bpm∙mmHg, p=0.08 and rate pressure product at peak exercise: 21,253±6,141 versus 21,923±7,414bpm∙mmHg, p=0.76, respectively). CONCLUSION Men and women with peripheral artery disease and similar baseline characteristics presented similar responses to walking, suggesting that decisions regarding walking prescription and monitoring can be made regardless of sex in this specific population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Sanches Miyasato
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alex Jesus Felix
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aluísio Andrade-Lima
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Natan Daniel da Silva Júnior
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Nelson Wolosker
- Vascular Unit, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claúdia Lúcia de Moraes Forjaz
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Fayed HS, Bakleh MZ, Ashraf JV, Howarth A, Ebner D, Al Haj Zen A. Selective ROCK Inhibitor Enhances Blood Flow Recovery after Hindlimb Ischemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14410. [PMID: 37833857 PMCID: PMC10572734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The impairment in microvascular network formation could delay the restoration of blood flow after acute limb ischemia. A high-content screen of a GSK-published kinase inhibitor library identified a set of ROCK inhibitor hits enhancing endothelial network formation. Subsequent kinase activity profiling against a panel of 224 protein kinases showed that two indazole-based ROCK inhibitor hits exhibited high selectivity for ROCK1 and ROCK2 isoforms compared to other ROCK inhibitors. One of the chemical entities, GSK429286, was selected for follow-up studies. We found that GSK429286 was ten times more potent in enhancing endothelial tube formation than Fasudil, a classic ROCK inhibitor. ROCK1 inhibition by RNAi phenocopied the angiogenic phenotype of the GSK429286 compound. Using an organotypic angiogenesis co-culture assay, we showed that GSK429286 formed a dense vascular network with thicker endothelial tubes. Next, mice received either vehicle or GSK429286 (10 mg/kg i.p.) for seven days after hindlimb ischemia induction. As assessed by laser speckle contrast imaging, GSK429286 potentiated blood flow recovery after ischemia induction. At the histological level, we found that GSK429286 significantly increased the size of new microvessels in the regenerating areas of ischemic muscles compared with vehicle-treated ones. Our findings reveal that selective ROCK inhibitors have in vitro pro-angiogenic properties and therapeutic potential to restore blood flow in limb ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Salah Fayed
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Mouayad Zuheir Bakleh
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | | | - Alison Howarth
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Daniel Ebner
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Ayman Al Haj Zen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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Mendelson AA, Erickson D, Villar R. The role of the microcirculation and integrative cardiovascular physiology in the pathogenesis of ICU-acquired weakness. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1170429. [PMID: 37234410 PMCID: PMC10206327 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1170429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction after critical illness, defined as ICU-acquired weakness (ICU-AW), is a complex and multifactorial syndrome that contributes significantly to long-term morbidity and reduced quality of life for ICU survivors and caregivers. Historically, research in this field has focused on pathological changes within the muscle itself, without much consideration for their in vivo physiological environment. Skeletal muscle has the widest range of oxygen metabolism of any organ, and regulation of oxygen supply with tissue demand is a fundamental requirement for locomotion and muscle function. During exercise, this process is exquisitely controlled and coordinated by the cardiovascular, respiratory, and autonomic systems, and also within the skeletal muscle microcirculation and mitochondria as the terminal site of oxygen exchange and utilization. This review highlights the potential contribution of the microcirculation and integrative cardiovascular physiology to the pathogenesis of ICU-AW. An overview of skeletal muscle microvascular structure and function is provided, as well as our understanding of microvascular dysfunction during the acute phase of critical illness; whether microvascular dysfunction persists after ICU discharge is currently not known. Molecular mechanisms that regulate crosstalk between endothelial cells and myocytes are discussed, including the role of the microcirculation in skeletal muscle atrophy, oxidative stress, and satellite cell biology. The concept of integrated control of oxygen delivery and utilization during exercise is introduced, with evidence of physiological dysfunction throughout the oxygen delivery pathway - from mouth to mitochondria - causing reduced exercise capacity in patients with chronic disease (e.g., heart failure, COPD). We suggest that objective and perceived weakness after critical illness represents a physiological failure of oxygen supply-demand matching - both globally throughout the body and locally within skeletal muscle. Lastly, we highlight the value of standardized cardiopulmonary exercise testing protocols for evaluating fitness in ICU survivors, and the application of near-infrared spectroscopy for directly measuring skeletal muscle oxygenation, representing potential advancements in ICU-AW research and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher A. Mendelson
- Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Dustin Erickson
- Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Rodrigo Villar
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Recreation Management, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Bethel M, Annex BH. Peripheral arterial disease: A small and large vessel problem. Am Heart J Plus 2023; 28:100291. [PMID: 38511071 PMCID: PMC10945902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is one clinical manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis and is very common. Despite its prevalence, PAD remains underdiagnosed, undertreated, and understudied. The most common symptom in patients with PAD is intermittent claudication (IC), or pain in the lower extremities with walking or exertion, which is relieved after a short period of rest. Many patients with confirmed PAD are asymptomatic or have symptoms other than IC. Regardless of symptoms, patients with PAD have poor cardiovascular outcomes. PAD has largely been viewed a disease of large vessel atherosclerosis but what is becoming clear is that arterial plaques and occlusions are only one piece of the puzzle. Recent work has shown that abnormalities in the microvasculature contribute to the outcome of patients with PAD. From the perspective of the leg, limitation in blood flow is not the only problem as patients have a myriad of other problems, including muscle fibrosis, neuropathic changes, changes in the cellular respiration machinery and dysfunction of the small vessels that perfuse skeletal muscle and the supporting structures. Supervised exercise training remains one of the most effective tool to treat patients with PAD, however, the mechanisms behind its effectiveness are still being elucidated and use of structured exercise programs is not widespread. Medical therapy to treat systemic atherosclerosis is underutilized in patients with PAD. Invasive therapies are used only when patients with PAD have reached an advanced stage. While invasive strategies are effective in some patients with PAD, these strategies are costly, carry risk, and many patients are not amenable to invasive therapy. Appreciating the complex pathophysiology of PAD will hopefully spur new research and development of effective therapies for PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Bethel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brian H. Annex
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Vascular Biology Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Gardner AW, Montgomery PS, Wang M, Liang M, Proctor DN. Maximal calf conductance is associated with 6-minute walk distance in participants with and without peripheral artery disease. Vasc Med 2023; 28:113-121. [PMID: 36847177 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x231155299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aims were (a) to compare the maximal calf conductance and 6-minute walk distance of participants with and without peripheral artery disease (PAD) and claudication, (b) to determine whether maximal calf conductance was more strongly associated with 6-minute walk distance in participants with PAD than in the controls, and (c) to determine whether this association was significant in participants with PAD after adjusting for ABI, as well as for demographic, anthropometric, and comorbid variables. METHODS Participants with PAD (n = 633) and without PAD (n = 327) were assessed on maximal calf conductance using venous occlusion plethysmography, and on 6-minute walk distance. Participants were further characterized on ABI, and on demographic, anthropometric, and comorbid variables. RESULTS The PAD group had lower maximal calf conductance than the control group (0.136 ± 0.071 vs 0.201 ± 0.113 mL/100 mL/min/mmHg, p < 0.001). Additionally, the PAD group had a lower 6-minute walk distance (375 ± 98 m vs 480 ± 107 m, p < 0.001). Maximal calf conductance was positively associated with 6-minute walk distance in both groups (p < 0.001) and was more strongly associated in the PAD group (p < 0.001). In adjusted analyses, maximal calf conductance remained positively associated with 6-minute walk distance in the PAD group (p < 0.001) and in the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Participants with PAD and claudication had impaired maximal calf conductance and a lower 6-minute walk distance than those without PAD, and maximal calf conductance was positively and independently associated with 6-minute walk distance within each group before and after adjusting for ABI, and for demographic, anthropometric, and comorbid variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Gardner
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Polly S Montgomery
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ming Wang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Menglu Liang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David N Proctor
- Department of Kinesiology, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Gimnich OA, Belousova T, Short CM, Taylor AA, Nambi V, Morrisett JD, Ballantyne CM, Bismuth J, Shah DJ, Brunner G. Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Derived Microvascular Perfusion Modeling to Assess Peripheral Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e027649. [PMID: 36688362 PMCID: PMC9973623 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.027649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Computational fluid dynamics has shown good agreement with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging measurements in cardiovascular disease applications. We have developed a biomechanical model of microvascular perfusion using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging signal intensities derived from skeletal calf muscles to study peripheral artery disease (PAD). Methods and Results The computational microvascular model was used to study skeletal calf muscle perfusion in 56 individuals (36 patients with PAD, 20 matched controls). The recruited participants underwent contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and ankle-brachial index testing at rest and after 6-minute treadmill walking. We have determined associations of microvascular model parameters including the transfer rate constant, a measure of vascular leakiness; the interstitial permeability to fluid flow which reflects the permeability of the microvasculature; porosity, a measure of the fraction of the extracellular space; the outflow filtration coefficient; and the microvascular pressure with known markers of patients with PAD. Transfer rate constant, interstitial permeability to fluid flow, and microvascular pressure were higher, whereas porosity and outflow filtration coefficient were lower in patients with PAD than those in matched controls (all P values ≤0.014). In pooled analyses of all participants, the model parameters (transfer rate constant, interstitial permeability to fluid flow, porosity, outflow filtration coefficient, microvascular pressure) were significantly associated with the resting and exercise ankle-brachial indexes, claudication onset time, and peak walking time (all P values ≤0.013). Among patients with PAD, interstitial permeability to fluid flow, and microvascular pressure were higher, while porosity and outflow filtration coefficient were lower in treadmill noncompleters compared with treadmill completers (all P values ≤0.001). Conclusions Computational microvascular model parameters differed significantly between patients with PAD and matched controls. Thus, computational microvascular modeling could be of interest in studying lower extremity ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Gimnich
- Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPA
| | - Tatiana Belousova
- Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular CenterHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
| | - Christina M. Short
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX
| | - Addison A. Taylor
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX
- Michael E DeBakey VA Medical CenterHoustonTX
| | - Vijay Nambi
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX
- Department of Medicine, Section of CardiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX
- Michael E DeBakey VA Medical CenterHoustonTX
| | - Joel D. Morrisett
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX
| | - Christie M. Ballantyne
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX
- Department of Medicine, Section of CardiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX
| | - Jean Bismuth
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular SurgeryLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLA
| | - Dipan J. Shah
- Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular CenterHouston Methodist HospitalHoustonTX
| | - Gerd Brunner
- Penn State Heart and Vascular Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of MedicineHersheyPA
- Section of Cardiovascular Research, Department of MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX
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Ross M, Kargl CK, Ferguson R, Gavin TP, Hellsten Y. Exercise-induced skeletal muscle angiogenesis: impact of age, sex, angiocrines and cellular mediators. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023:10.1007/s00421-022-05128-6. [PMID: 36715739 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Exercise-induced skeletal muscle angiogenesis is a well-known physiological adaptation that occurs in humans in response to exercise training and can lead to endurance performance benefits, as well as improvements in cardiovascular and skeletal tissue health. An increase in capillary density in skeletal muscle improves diffusive oxygen exchange and waste extraction, and thus greater fatigue resistance, which has application to athletes but also to the general population. Exercise-induced angiogenesis can significantly contribute to improvements in cardiovascular and metabolic health, such as the increase in muscle glucose uptake, important for the prevention of diabetes. Recently, our understanding of the mechanisms by which angiogenesis occurs with exercise has grown substantially. This review will detail the biochemical, cellular and biomechanical signals for exercise-induced skeletal muscle angiogenesis, including recent work on extracellular vesicles and circulating angiogenic cells. In addition, the influence of age, sex, exercise intensity/duration, as well as recent observations with the use of blood flow restricted exercise, will also be discussed in detail. This review will provide academics and practitioners with mechanistic and applied evidence for optimising training interventions to promote physical performance through manipulating capillarisation in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ross
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - Christopher K Kargl
- Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.,Department of Health and Kinesiology, Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Richard Ferguson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Timothy P Gavin
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Max E. Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Ylva Hellsten
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Piknova B, Woessner MN, de Zevallos JO, Kraus WE, VanBruggen MD, Schechter AN, Allen JD. Human skeletal muscle nitrate and nitrite in individuals with peripheral arterial disease: Effect of inorganic nitrate supplementation and exercise. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15531. [PMID: 36461652 PMCID: PMC9718944 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle may act as a reservoir for N-oxides following inorganic nitrate supplementation. This idea is most intriguing in individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD) who are unable to endogenously upregulate nitric oxide. This study analyzed plasma and skeletal muscle nitrate and nitrite concentrations along with exercise performance, prior to and following 12-weeks of exercise training combined with oral inorganic nitrate supplementation (EX+BR) or placebo (EX+PL) in participants with PAD. Non-supplemented, at baseline, there were no differences in plasma and muscle nitrate. For nitrite, muscle concentration was higher than plasma (+0.10 nmol.g-1 ). After 12 -weeks, acute oral nitrate increased both plasma and muscle nitrate (455.04 and 121.14 nmol.g-1 , p < 0.01), which were correlated (r = 0.63, p < 0.01), plasma nitrate increase was greater than in muscle (p < 0.01). Nitrite increased in the plasma (1.01 nmol.g-1 , p < 0.05) but not in the muscle (0.22 nmol.g-1 ) (p < 0.05 between compartments). Peak walk time (PWT) increased in both groups (PL + 257.6 s;BR + 315.0 s). Six-minute walk (6 MW) distance increased only in the (EX+BR) group (BR + 75.4 m). We report no substantial gradient of nitrate (or nitrite) from skeletal muscle to plasma, suggesting a lack of reservoir-like function in participants with PAD. Oral nitrate supplementation produced increases in skeletal muscle nitrate, but not skeletal muscle nitrite. The related changes in nitrate concentration between plasma and muscle suggests a potential for inter-compartmental nitrate "communication". Skeletal muscle did not appear to play a role in within compartment nitrate reduction. Muscle nitrate and nitrite concentrations did not appear to contribute to exercise performance in patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Piknova
- Molecular Medicine Branch, NIDDKNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Mary N. Woessner
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES)Victoria UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | - Joaquin Ortiz de Zevallos
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human DevelopmentUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
| | - William E. Kraus
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Mitch D. VanBruggen
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Alan N. Schechter
- Molecular Medicine Branch, NIDDKNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Jason D. Allen
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human DevelopmentUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
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Peñín-Grandes S, Martín-Hernández J, Valenzuela PL, López-Ortiz S, Pinto-Fraga J, Solá LDR, Emanuele E, Lista S, Lucia A, Santos-Lozano A. Exercise and the hallmarks of peripheral arterial disease. Atherosclerosis 2022; 350:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Rodrigues LF, Pelozin BRA, da Silva Junior ND, Soci UPR, do Carmo EC, da Mota GFA, Cachofeiro V, Lahera V, Oliveira EM, Fernandes T. Angiotensin II Promotes Skeletal Muscle Angiogenesis Induced by Volume-Dependent Aerobic Exercise Training: Effects on miRNAs-27a/b and Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:651. [PMID: 35453336 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise training (ET) produces beneficial adaptations in skeletal muscles, including angiogenesis. The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is highly involved in angiogenesis stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying capillary growth in skeletal muscle induced by aerobic ET are not completely understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of volume-dependent aerobic ET on skeletal muscle angiogenesis involving the expression of miRNAs-27a and 27b on RAS and oxidant–antioxidant balance. Eight-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: sedentary control (SC), trained protocol 1 (P1), and trained protocol 2 (P2). P1 consisted of 60 min/day of swimming, 5×/week, for 10 weeks. P2 consisted of the same protocol as P1 until the 8th week, but in the 9th week, rats trained 2×/day, and in the 10th week, trained 3×/day. Angiogenesis and molecular analyses were performed in soleus muscle samples. Furthermore, to establish ET-induced angiogenesis through RAS, animals were treated with an AT1 receptor blocker (losartan). Aerobic ET promoted higher VO2 peak and exercise tolerance values. In contrast, miRNA-27a and -27b levels were reduced in both trained groups, compared with the SC group. This was in parallel with an increase in the ACE1/Ang II/VEGF axis, which led to a higher capillary-to-fiber ratio. Moreover, aerobic ET induced an antioxidant profile increasing skeletal muscle SOD2 and catalase gene expression, which was accompanied by high nitrite levels and reduced nitrotyrosine concentrations in the circulation. Additionally, losartan treatment partially re-established the miRNAs expression and the capillary-to-fiber ratio in the trained groups. In summary, aerobic ET promoted angiogenesis through the miRNA-27a/b–ACE1/Ang II/VEGF axis and improved the redox balance. Losartan treatment demonstrates the participation of RAS in ET-induced vascular growth. miRNAs and RAS components are promising potential targets to modulate angiogenesis for combating vascular diseases, as well as potential biomarkers to monitor training interventions and physical performance.
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Abstract
Approximately 6% of adults worldwide have atherosclerosis and thrombosis of the lower limb arteries (peripheral artery disease (PAD)) and the prevalence is rising. PAD causes leg pain, impaired health-related quality of life, immobility, tissue loss and a high risk of major adverse events, including myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularization, amputation and death. In this Review, I describe the pathophysiology, presentation, outcome, preclinical research and medical management of PAD. Established treatments for PAD include antithrombotic drugs, such as aspirin and clopidogrel, and medications to treat dyslipidaemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that these treatments reduce the risk of major adverse events. The drug cilostazol, exercise therapy and revascularization are the current treatment options for the limb symptoms of PAD, but each has limitations. Novel therapies to promote collateral and new capillary growth and treat PAD-related myopathy are under investigation. Methods to improve the implementation of evidence-based medical management, novel drug therapies and rehabilitation programmes for PAD-related pain, functional impairment and ischaemic foot disease are important areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Golledge
- Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. .,The Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. .,The Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
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Liao B, Zhao Y, Wang D, Zhang X, Hao X, Hu M. Nicotinamide mononucleotide supplementation enhances aerobic capacity in amateur runners: a randomized, double-blind study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2021; 18:54. [PMID: 34238308 PMCID: PMC8265078 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-021-00442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies in rodents indicate that a combination of exercise training and supplementation with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) precursors has synergistic effects. However, there are currently no human clinical trials analyzing this. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effects of a combination of exercise training and supplementation with nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), the immediate precursor of NAD+, on cardiovascular fitness in healthy amateur runners. METHODS A six-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-arm clinical trial including 48 young and middle-aged recreationally trained runners of the Guangzhou Pearl River running team was conducted. The participants were randomized into four groups: the low dosage group (300 mg/day NMN), the medium dosage group (600 mg/day NMN), the high dosage group (1200 mg/day NMN), and the control group (placebo). Each group consisted of ten male participants and two female participants. Each training session was 40-60 min, and the runners trained 5-6 times each week. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed at baseline and after the intervention, at 6 weeks, to assess the aerobic capacity of the runners. RESULTS Analysis of covariance of the change from baseline over the 6 week treatment showed that the oxygen uptake (VO2), percentages of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), power at first ventilatory threshold, and power at second ventilatory threshold increased to a higher degree in the medium and high dosage groups compared with the control group. However, there was no difference in VO2max, O2-pulse, VO2 related to work rate, and peak power after the 6 week treatment from baseline in any of these groups. CONCLUSION NMN increases the aerobic capacity of humans during exercise training, and the improvement is likely the result of enhanced O2 utilization of the skeletal muscle. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR2000035138 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Bagen Liao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.
| | - Yunlong Zhao
- Guangdong Physical Fitness and Health Management Association, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510150, China.,Guangdong Physical Fitness and Health Management Association, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Sports Science, Guangzhou, 510620, China
| | - Xuanming Hao
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
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