Examining the perspectives of textile workers on organ donation and related factors

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aimed to examine the perspectives of textile workers on organ donation and related factors.

METHOD

The sample of this descriptive and cross-sectional study consisted of employees of a textile factory located in eastern Turkey (n = 166). The data were collected using the forms Personal Information and determining Knowledge, Awareness, and Willingness regarding Organ Donation and Transplantation. Data collection forms were prepared by researchers based on the literature and taking expert opinion. In the analysis of the study data, number-percentage, chi-square test and Cramér's phi correlation analysis were used.

RESULTS

The mean age of the participants was 21.10 ± 2.53, and the numbers of men and women were equal. It was determined that 63.3% of the participants needed education related to organ donation, and 57.8% were willing to donate their organs. There is a correlation the high levels of knowledge, awareness, and willingness regarding organ donation and transplantation with the participant's levels of thinking about donating their organs.

CONCLUSION

Our results supported the view that high levels of knowledge and awareness increased willingness about organ donation. In increasing the number of organ donors, high levels of knowledge and awareness are highly important, all parts of society should be provided with education on this issue, and it should be considered that workers of all sectors, especially textile workers, constitute a significant proportion of most societies in terms of numbers.

Development and Psychometric Testing of the Signed Donor Card (SDC) Scale in an Islamic Society

The signed donor card is an important method to overcome the shortage of organs for transplantation. A valid and reliable scale is necessary to have with the development of interventions to increase the signed donor card. This study aimed to develop and psychometric testing of the Signed Donor Card (SDC) in an Islamic society. This methodological study was conducted in Hamadan city, Iran in 2018 on 600 employees of offices. A 46-item scale was developed. It was assessed by face, content, and construct validities. Reliability was examined using the calculation of the Cronbach's α and test-retest method. The SPSS software version 22 and Mplus version 7.4 were used for data analysis. Our scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.58-0.93) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.76). The fitness indices for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the model fit was good. CFA revealed nine standalone components including attitude, subjective norms, intention, anticipated regret, descriptive norms, perceived control, knowledge, non-cognitive beliefs, and religious beliefs. Convergent validity and discriminant validity were established. This study provided evidence concerning the validity and reliability of SDC scale. It can be used for the development and implementation of effective interventions for increasing signed donor card with the consideration of contextual and cultural situations.

Socio-Cultural Factors Contributing to Being an Organ Donor in Iranian Employees

AIMS

The purpose of this study was to use a culturally modified Organ Donation Model (ODM) to explore the significant factors and ways in which these factors could influence signing the donor card.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted among 600 employees from 57 offices in Hamadan, Iran, in 2018. Participants were selected randomly and surveyed on being a donor and their perceptions regarding signing the donor card. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to determine the inter-relationship between the studied variables.

RESULTS

Participants' mean age was 39.5 (SD = 7.0). 20% of participants had a signed donor card. Descriptive norms (β = 0.53, p < 0.001), non-cognitive beliefs (β=-0.33, p < 0.001), anticipated regret (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) and subjective norms (β=-0.17, p < 0.01) had significant direct effects on signing the donor card.

CONCLUSION

This study provides socio-culturally informed evidence on individuals' signing donor card. These factors could provide a guide to policymakers to develop the community-based interventions.

A Validation Study of the Posthumous Organ Donation Reasoned Action Scale

The posthumous organ donation reasoned action scale (PODRAS) may be the first multidimensional scale measuring individuals’ perceptions, which is developed based on the Theory of Reasoned Action and guided by empirical data. This study moves further to validate the scale and examine its psychometric properties. Two hundred and twenty-one university students participated in the study. Results suggested that the scale has a structure with six dimensions: Mutilation and Imperfectness, Legacy for Family, Altruism, Detachment, Eradication of Hope, and Burden on Family. The scale was evaluated with acceptable to good psychometric properties and model fit (χ2/ df = 1.58; root mean square error of approximation = .07; standardized root mean square residual = .08; comparative fit index = .92; incremental fit index = .92; Tucker–Lewis index = .90). Construct validity was also supported. The study has significant contributions that theoretically, the scale proposed a conceptualization framework in understanding posthumous organ donation, whereas methodologically, the scale serves as a tool that facilitates future studies of organ donation behaviors.

Understanding the pros and cons of organ donation decision-making: Decisional balance and expressing donation intentions among African Americans

Increasing public commitment to organ donation is critical to improving donor kidney availability for end-stage renal disease patients desiring transplant. This study surveyed ( N = 1339) African Americans, measuring perceived pros relative to cons of organ donation, to evaluate an existing Transtheoretical Model decisional balance scale and associations between decisional balance and expressing donation intentions. Findings supported the existing scale structure. More positive decisional balance ratios were associated with 1.76 times the odds of expressing intentions (95% confidence interval = 1.52–2.04). Pros were more strongly linked to donation intentions than cons. Greater understanding of organ donation decision-making is valuable for informing interventions that encourage donation.

The influence of beliefs on organ donation intention

Purpose

Recent technological developments in healthcare have enabled an increased number of organ transplantation surgeries. At the same time, there is an increase in the number of people awaiting organ transplant, coupled with the difficulty in donation. To bridge this gap, this study aims to propose to evaluate the effect of three types of beliefs (clinical beliefs, financial incentive beliefs and beliefs on the social benefits of altruism and solidarity) on the intention to donate organs. Moreover, this paper uses the attitudes in relation to donation to explain the effect of these beliefs on the intention to donate organs.

Design/methodology/approach

The research was conducted using a survey of 422 Brazilian participants and a mediation analysis to test the mediation hypotheses.

Findings

The results suggest that the effect of three types of beliefs (clinical, economic order and social solidarity) influence the intention to donate organs indirectly through the formation of attitudes concerning organ donation.

Research limitations/implications

This article contributes to the understanding of the formation of organ donation intentions and the role of different types of beliefs in the formation of such intentions.

Originality/value

The findings extend the discussions regarding the role of beliefs in the formation of attitudes and intentions of organ donation and have significant value in creating public policies that further promote organ donation.