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Kalip K, Burdorf A. Health Status, Type of Contract and Labour Force Participation. JOURNAL OF PREVENTION (2022) 2024; 45:107-121. [PMID: 38017294 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-023-00759-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health status, type of contract, education and age might affect labour force participation (LFP). We investigated possible factors associated with LFP among European countries. METHODS European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) data of 149,798 individuals were used and the odds ratios were calculated in logistic regression analyses. RESULTS LFP rates were higher among those in good health. Self-perceived poor health frequencies were higher in people with temporary contracts than in those with permanent contracts in Bulgaria, Finland, and Hungary, while they were lower in Republic of Serbia. Multivariate analyses revealed that having temporary contract, poor health, oldest age group, and lower educational level were associated with lower probability of being in paid employment in the total study population. Poor health was stronger driver of lower LFP than temporary contracts in Austria, Hungary, Iceland, Netherlands. Temporary contracts were stronger driver of lower LFP than poor health in Greece, Spain, Finland, Portugal, Serbia, Slovenia and total study population. CONCLUSION Both poor health and temporary contracts were associated with lower LFP. The magnitude of these associations varied among countries. Worker's health status differed by type of contract in Bulgaria, Hungary, Finland and Serbia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamer Kalip
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Netherlands.
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, Rotterdam, 3000 CA, Netherlands
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2
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Gong SC, Park S. Increased risk of sleep problems according to employment precariousness among paid employees in Korea. Am J Ind Med 2023; 66:876-883. [PMID: 37545103 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationship between precarious employment (PE) and sleep problems among wage workers in Korea. METHODS Data from 29,437 wage workers were obtained from the 6th Korean Working Conditions Survey. PE was defined based on four dimensions: employment temporariness, irregularity, lack of protection, and economic vulnerability. A PE index indicating employment precariousness was derived. The outcome variables were three sleep problems experienced over the past year: difficulty initiating asleep; difficulty maintaining sleep' and fatigue upon waking. Multiple logistic regression was performed after adjusting for age, educational level, occupation, job tenure, company size, and working hours, to estimate the association between PE and sleep problems. RESULTS For both sexes, the risk of all sleep problems significantly increased as the precariousness of employment increased, showing a dose-response relationship. CONCLUSION An increased risk of sleep problems is evident as employment becomes more precarious. These findings could help improve the health of workers with PE by addressing sleep problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Chan Gong
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gangnam Giein Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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de Visser M, de Graaf-Zijl M, Anema JR, Huysmans MA. Work and health during the COVID-19 crisis among Dutch workers and jobseekers with (partial) work disabilities: a mixed methods study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:966. [PMID: 37237345 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15720-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consequences of restrictive measures during the COVID-19 outbreak have potentially been enormous, especially for those in a vulnerable position in the labour market. This study aims to describe the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on work status, working conditions and health among people with (partial) work disabilities-with and in search of work-during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands. METHODS A mixed methods design was used, combining a cross-sectional online survey and ten semi-structured interviews with people with a (partial) work disability. The quantitative data included responses to job-related questions, self-reported health, and demographics. The qualitative data consisted of participants' perceptions about work, vocational rehabilitation, and health. We used descriptive statistics to summarize the responses, conducted logistic and linear regression and integrated our qualitative findings with the quantitative findings, aiming at complementarity. RESULTS Five hundred and eighty-four participants (response rate 30.2%) completed the online survey. The majority of participants experienced no change in work status: 39 percent remained employed, 45 percent remained unemployed, six percent of respondents lost their job, and ten percent became employed during the COVID-19 crisis. In general, the results showed a deterioration in self-rated health during the COVID-19 outbreak, both for participants at work and in search of work. Participants who lost their job during the COVID-19 crisis reported the highest deterioration in self-rated health. Interview findings revealed that loneliness and social isolation were persistent during the COVID-19 crisis, especially among those in search of work. Additionally, employed participants identified a safe work environment and the possibility to work at the office as important factors for overall health. CONCLUSIONS The vast majority of study participants (84.2%) experienced no change in work status during the COVID-19 crisis. Nonetheless, people at work and in search of work encountered barriers to maintaining or (re)gaining employment. People with a (partial) work disability who lost their job during the crisis appeared to be most affected in terms of health. Employment and health protections could be strengthened for persons with (partial) work disabilities in order to build resilience in times of crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara de Visser
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Van Der Boechorstraat 7 1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marloes de Graaf-Zijl
- UWV (Social Security Institute), Kenniscentrum, La Guardiaweg 94-114, 1043 DL, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes R Anema
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Van Der Boechorstraat 7 1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike A Huysmans
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Public and Occupational Health, Van Der Boechorstraat 7 1081 BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Societal Participation and Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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The effect of temporary workers and works councils on process innovation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPERATIONS & PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/ijopm-07-2022-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PurposeThis study aims to investigate the effects of temporary workers and works councils on process innovations at manufacturing sites. The impact of temporary workers, commonly viewed as a means of operational flexibility and cost savings, on firms’ ability to innovate is underexplored. Works councils represent and help integrate temporary workers, but are often equated with unions, which have been criticized as barriers to innovation, especially in the US.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use secondary data collected by the Institute for Employment Research (IAB) of the German Federal Employment Agency. Specifically, the authors conduct a series of regression analyses using 11-year panel data covering the period 2009–2019 with 11,641 manufacturing site-year observations.FindingsThe results suggest that the use of temporary workers initially promotes process innovation, but at too high a level, it impairs firms’ ability to innovate. Furthermore, the results suggest that works councils have a positive impact on innovation and dampen the curvilinear effect found with respect to temporary workers.Originality/valueResearch has largely focused on the cost and flexibility benefits of temporary workers. The authors analyze the effectiveness of temporary workers in terms of innovativeness. By including works councils, the study also consider the contextual environment in which temporary workers are employed. Finally, the results reject the assumption that works councils have a similar negative impact as unions on innovation; in fact, the authors find the opposite.
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Godeau D, Fadel M, Descatha A. Factors associated with limitations in daily life and at work in a population with shoulder pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:777. [PMID: 35971096 PMCID: PMC9377064 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05638-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Shoulder pain, which is a widespread condition, can lead to participation restrictions in daily and professional life. However, there are few studies focusing on the differences between daily life limitations and work limitations. This study aims at identifying the factors associated with limitations in personal and professional life in a population of working age suffering from shoulder pain. Methods A sample of working age job seekers and workers with shoulder pain was drawn from the last general population cross-sectional French study on disability. Limitations were categorized depending on whether they related to daily life and/or work. The variables assessed were age, sex, state of health, activity restrictions, need for accommodation, and aggravating living conditions or aggravating working conditions. Separate Quasi-Poisson regressions were performed for each type of limitation. Results The sample consisted of 795 individuals of which 33.7% had no limitation, 21.7% were limited in daily life, 6.0% at work, and 38.6% in both. Factors significantly associated with daily life limitations and work limitations and their computed Prevalence Ratios (PR) were the need for accommodation (PR = 2.16), activity restrictions (PR = 2.28), perceived poor health (PR = 2.42) and low income (PR = 1.64). Aggravating living conditions and aggravating working conditions were associated with daily life limitations (PR of 1.69 and 0.63 respectively). Conclusions The present study identifies factors associated with disability in a population with shoulder pain. Further research should be carried out in order to study health-related periods of cessation of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Godeau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France. .,AP-HP ("Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris"), Unité des pathologies professionnelles et environnementales, Hôpitaux universitaires Paris Seine-Saint-Denis, Hôpital Avicenne, F-93009, Bobigny cedex, France. .,Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, F-93206, Saint-Denis, France. .,Godeau, Hôpital Avicenne, Unité fonctionnelle des pathologies professionnelles et environnementales, 125 rue de Stalingrad, 93009, Bobigny cedex, France.
| | - Marc Fadel
- Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-49000, Angers, France
| | - Alexis Descatha
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94807, Villejuif, France.,Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-49000, Angers, France.,CHU Angers, Poisoning Control Center- Clinical Data Center, F-49000, Angers, France
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Pyöriä P, Ojala S, Nätti J. Precarious work increases depression-based disability among male employees. Eur J Public Health 2021; 31:1223-1230. [PMID: 34254115 PMCID: PMC8643409 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precarious employment is a potent occupational health risk, but little is known about its association with work-related disability and its causes. This study analyzes whether employment precariousness is associated with receiving disability pension (DP) due to depression and whether this differs according to gender. METHODS Statistics Finland's Quality of Work Life Surveys (1997, 2003, 2008 and 2013) were merged with register-based DP data obtained from the Finnish Centre for Pensions. The survey material was used to measure employment precariousness using five variables: fear of job loss, poor employability prospects, previous unemployment, low earnings and temporary contracts. We followed 20-60-year-old employees until 2016 and studied Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) for receiving DP among women and men, adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, working conditions and health at baseline. RESULTS The overall risk of receiving DP tended to increase as precarious job features accumulated. Among men, a higher risk of receiving DP due to depression was associated with previous unemployment [HR 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-4.2] and poor employability (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3-4.7), whereas no corresponding association was found among women. CONCLUSIONS Employment precariousness may reflect a psychological stress mechanism that predisposes the individual to mental health problems, predicting future disability. Work disability risk shows gendered differences depending on the cause of DP. Promoting employability at workplace and policy levels could offset the health risks associated with precariousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasi Pyöriä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Satu Ojala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jouko Nätti
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
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Hultén AM, Dahlin-Ivanoff S, Holmgren K. Positioning work related stress - GPs' reasoning about using the WSQ combined with feedback at consultation. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2020; 21:187. [PMID: 32917138 PMCID: PMC7488670 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-020-01258-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND General practitioners (GPs) regularly handle cases related to stress and work capacity, but often find this work difficult. However, using an assessment tool in a structured way can increase GPs' awareness of the risk for sick leave and need of referrals to preventive measures. Today there is no established methodical practice for this in primary health care. The aim of this study was to explore GPs' reasoning about using the Work Stress Questionnaire combined with feedback at consultation as an early intervention to reduce sick leave. METHODS A focus group study was performed with 23 GPs at six primary health care centres. The discussions were analysed based on a method by Krueger. RESULTS Three themes emerged. Positioning work-related stress describes the need to make fundamental standpoints on stress and how it should be handled, to make sense of their work concerning work-related stress. Making use of resources focuses on GPs performing to the best of their ability using assigned resources to treat patients with stress-related ill health, even if the resources were perceived as insufficient. Practising daily work focuses on the GPs' regular and preferred way of working set against the degree of intrusion and benefits. The two related themes making use of resources and practising daily work were mirrored through the third theme, positioning work-related stress, to form an understanding of how GPs should work with patients perceiving work-related stress. CONCLUSIONS The GPs own competence and tools, those of other professionals and the time allocated were seen as important when treating patients perceiving ill health due to work-related stress. When resources were insufficient though, the GPs questioned their responsibility for these patients. The results also indicate that the GPs viewed their ordinary consultative way of working as sufficient to identify these patients. The intervention was therefore not seen as useful for early treatment of patients at risk of sick leave due to work-related stress. However, prevention is an important part of the PHC's responsibility, and strategies concerning stress-related ill health therefore need to be more thoroughly formulated and incorporated. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02480855 . Registered 20 May 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Hultén
- Unit of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Synneve Dahlin-Ivanoff
- Unit of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Holmgren
- Unit of Occupational Therapy, Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Hoven H, Dragano N, Lunau T, Deindl C, Wahrendorf M. The role of pension contributions in explaining inequalities in depressive symptoms. Results from SHARE. Scand J Public Health 2020; 49:581-588. [PMID: 32103706 PMCID: PMC8512261 DOI: 10.1177/1403494820909011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Research has established solid evidence that
socioeconomic position impacts health. It is, however, still debated to what
extent characteristics of entire employment histories are associated with health
inequalities later on. This study investigates associations between contributing
to pension schemes throughout entire employment histories and depressive
symptoms in older men and women. Methods: We use
retrospective life history data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement
in Europe (SHARE), collected in 2008–2009 from retired men and women. Data
include detailed information on previous employment histories (between age 25
and 60 years) that allows us to measure labour market involvements and pension
contributions during past working lives. In addition, we measure elevated
depressive symptoms using EURO-D. Results: We
observe that employed work without contributing to pension schemes is associated
with elevated depressive symptoms for women, even when taking the current
household income into consideration. For men (but not for women), self-employed
work without pension contributions is linked to elevated depressive symptoms.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that studies
linking previous employment participation to health after labour market exit
should not only consider whether a person worked, but also whether he or she
contributed to a pension scheme. In addition, our study points to
interesting gender differences, where pension contributions matter most for
women in employed work and for men in self-employed work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanno Hoven
- Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nico Dragano
- Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lunau
- Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Deindl
- Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Morten Wahrendorf
- Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty, University of Düsseldorf, Germany
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