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Thompson MA, Horberg MA, Agwu AL, Colasanti JA, Jain MK, Short WR, Singh T, Aberg JA. Erratum to: Primary Care Guidance for Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: 2020 Update by the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 74:1893-1898. [PMID: 34878522 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael A Horberg
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Allison L Agwu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Mamta K Jain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - William R Short
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tulika Singh
- Internal Medicine, HIV and Infectious Disease, Desert AIDS Project, Palm Springs, California, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
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2
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Thompson MA, Horberg MA, Agwu AL, Colasanti JA, Jain MK, Short WR, Singh T, Aberg JA. Primary Care Guidance for Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: 2020 Update by the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e3572-e3605. [PMID: 33225349 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in antiretroviral therapy (ART) have made it possible for persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to live a near expected life span, without progressing to AIDS or transmitting HIV to sexual partners or infants. There is, therefore, increasing emphasis on maintaining health throughout the life span. To receive optimal medical care and achieve desired outcomes, persons with HIV must be consistently engaged in care and able to access uninterrupted treatment, including ART. Comprehensive evidence-based HIV primary care guidance is, therefore, more important than ever. Creating a patient-centered, stigma-free care environment is essential for care engagement. Barriers to care must be decreased at the societal, health system, clinic, and individual levels. As the population ages and noncommunicable diseases arise, providing comprehensive healthcare for persons with HIV becomes increasingly complex, including management of multiple comorbidities and the associated challenges of polypharmacy, while not neglecting HIV-related health concerns. Clinicians must address issues specific to persons of childbearing potential, including care during preconception and pregnancy, and to children, adolescents, and transgender and gender-diverse individuals. This guidance from an expert panel of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America updates previous 2013 primary care guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael A Horberg
- Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic Permanente Medical Group, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Allison L Agwu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Mamta K Jain
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - William R Short
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tulika Singh
- Internal Medicine, HIV and Infectious Disease, Desert AIDS Project, Palm Springs, California, USA
| | - Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
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Danquah KO, Mensah K, Nkansah C, Appiah SK, Noagbe M, Hardy Y, Ntiamoah DO, Boateng LA, Annani-Akollor ME, Owiredu EW, Debrah AY, Addai-Mensah O. Molecular Characterization of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase: Do Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Affect Hematological Parameters in HIV-Positive Patients? J Trop Med 2020; 2020:5194287. [PMID: 32802082 PMCID: PMC7416277 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5194287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This descriptive, cross-sectional study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of G6PD deficiency and the 376A ⟶ G, 202G ⟶ A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among HIV patients attending care at a teaching hospital in Ghana and determine how the SNPs affect haematological profile in HIV. A total of 200 HIV-positive Ghanaians were recruited. Venous blood samples were obtained and complete blood count, and G6PD screening and genotyping for the 376A ⟶ G, 202G ⟶ A SNPs were performed. Out of the 200 participants, 13.0% (26/200) were G6PD-deficient based on the methemoglobin reductase technique, with 1.5% (3/200) and 11.5% (23/200) presenting with partial and full enzyme defect, respectively. Among the 13.0% participants with G6PD deficiency, 19.2% (5/26), 30.8% (8/26), and 19.2% (5/26) presented with 376A ⟶ G only (enzyme activity (EA): 1.19 U/g Hb), 202G ⟶A only (EA: 1.41 U/g Hb), and G202/A376 SNPs (EA: 1.14 U/g Hb), respectively. Having the 376A ⟶ G mutation was associated not only with lower red blood cell (RBC) count (3.38 × 106/µL (3.16-3.46) vs 3.95 × 106/µL (3.53-4.41), p = 0.010) but also with higher mean cell volume (MCV) (102.90 (99.40-113.0) vs 91.10 fL (84.65-98.98), p = 0.041) and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) (33.70 pg (32.70-38.50) vs 30.75 pg (28.50-33.35), p = 0.038), whereas possessing the 202G ⟶ A mutation was associated with higher MCV only (98.90 fL (90.95-102.35) vs 91.10 fL (84.65-98.98), p = 0.041) compared to G6PD nondeficient participants. The prevalence of G6PD deficiency among HIV patients in Kumasi, Ghana, is 13.0% prevalence, comprising 1.5% and 11.5% partial and full enzyme defect, respectively, based on the methemoglobin reductase technique among HIV patients in Ghana. Among G6PD-deficient HIV patients, the prevalence of G202/A376 SNPs is 19.2%. The 376A ⟶ G mutation is associated not only with lower RBC count but also with higher MCV and MCH, whereas the 202G ⟶ A mutation is associated with higher MCV compared to the normal G6PD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwabena Owusu Danquah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Kofi Mensah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Haematology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Charles Nkansah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Samuel Kwasi Appiah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Mark Noagbe
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Yasmine Hardy
- HIV Clinic, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - David O. Ntiamoah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Basic and Applied Biology, University of Energy and Natural Resource, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Lillian Antwi Boateng
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Max Efui Annani-Akollor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Eddie-Williams Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Alexander Yaw Debrah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Otchere Addai-Mensah
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Solomon DA. HIV Initial Assessment and Routine Follow-up: What Tests to Order and Why. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2019; 33:647-662. [PMID: 31239091 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Laboratory tests are an important tool in the care of patients with human immunodeficiency virus. An organized approach to laboratory ordering helps clinicians to understand the utility of each test, ensure a comprehensive evaluation, and decrease use of unnecessary tests. Tests are organized around the following goals of care: confirm the diagnosis, assess for immune suppression, guide antiretroviral therapy, screen for coinfections and latent infections, monitor response to therapy, and provide preventative care. This article reviews appropriate testing for patients with human immunodeficiency virus to accomplish these goals with a focus on how each test is useful in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Solomon
- Division of Infectious Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, PBB 4A, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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5
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Acute Retroviral Syndrome Presenting with Hemolytic Anemia Induced by G6PD Deficiency. Trop Med Infect Dis 2018; 4:tropicalmed4010006. [PMID: 30591622 PMCID: PMC6473657 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed4010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme defect described in humans. Hemolysis in affected patients is usually triggered by circumstances involving free radical damage. While acute HIV infection is known to be a state of overwhelming oxidative stress, virus-induced hemolytic events in G6PD-deficient patients has rarely been reported. Despite an estimated overall prevalence of 6.8%⁻13% of this disorder in the HIV population, clinically significant hemolysis has been largely attributed to the use of offending medications rather than HIV infection itself. Here, we present a patient whose first episode of G6PD deficiency-associated hemolysis occurred as the main presentation of acute HIV infection.
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Xu JZ, Francis RO, Lerebours Nadal LE, Shirazi M, Jobanputra V, Hod EA, Jhang JS, Stotler BA, Spitalnik SL, Nicholas SW. G6PD Deficiency in an HIV Clinic Setting in the Dominican Republic. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:722-9. [PMID: 26240158 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Because human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients receive prophylaxis with oxidative drugs, those with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency may experience hemolysis. However, G6PD deficiency has not been studied in the Dominican Republic, where many individuals have African ancestry. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency in Dominican HIV-infected patients and to attempt to develop a cost-effective algorithm for identifying such individuals. To this end, histories, chart reviews, and G6PD testing were performed for 238 consecutive HIV-infected adult clinic patients. The overall prevalence of G6PD deficiency (8.8%) was similar in males (9.3%) and females (8.5%), and higher in Haitians (18%) than Dominicans (6.4%; P = 0.01). By logistic regression, three clinical variables predicted G6PD status: maternal country of birth (P = 0.01) and a history of hemolysis (P = 0.01) or severe anemia (P = 0.03). Using these criteria, an algorithm was developed, in which a patient subset was identified that would benefit most from G6PD screening, yielding a sensitivity of 94.7% and a specificity of 97.2%, increasing the pretest probability (8.8-15.1%), and halving the number of patients needing testing. This algorithm may provide a cost-effective strategy for improving care in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Z Xu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard O Francis
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Leonel E Lerebours Nadal
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Maryam Shirazi
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Vaidehi Jobanputra
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Eldad A Hod
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey S Jhang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Brie A Stotler
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Steven L Spitalnik
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephen W Nicholas
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Clínica de Familia La Romana, La Romana, Dominican Republic; IFAP Global Health Program, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
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Al-alimi AA, Ali SA, Al-Hassan FM, Idris FM, Teow SY, Mohd Yusoff N. Dengue virus type 2 (DENV2)-induced oxidative responses in monocytes from glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient and G6PD normal subjects. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2711. [PMID: 24625456 PMCID: PMC3953068 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue virus is endemic in peninsular Malaysia. The clinical manifestations vary depending on the incubation period of the virus as well as the immunity of the patients. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is prevalent in Malaysia where the incidence is 3.2%. It has been noted that some G6PD-deficient individuals suffer from more severe clinical presentation of dengue infection. In this study, we aim to investigate the oxidative responses of DENV2-infected monocytes from G6PD-deficient individuals. METHODOLOGY Monocytes from G6PD-deficient individuals were infected with DENV2 and infection rate, levels of oxidative species, nitric oxide (NO), superoxide anions (O2-), and oxidative stress were determined and compared with normal controls. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Monocytes from G6PD-deficient individuals exhibited significantly higher infection rates compared to normal controls. In an effort to explain the reason for this enhanced susceptibility, we investigated the production of NO and O2- in the monocytes of individuals with G6PD deficiency compared with normal controls. We found that levels of NO and O2- were significantly lower in the DENV-infected monocytes from G6PD-deficient individuals compared with normal controls. Furthermore, the overall oxidative stress in DENV-infected monocytes from G6PD-deficient individuals was significantly higher when compared to normal controls. Correlation studies between DENV-infected cells and oxidative state of monocytes further confirmed these findings. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Altered redox state of DENV-infected monocytes from G6PD-deficient individuals appears to augment viral replication in these cells. DENV-infected G6PD-deficient individuals may contain higher viral titers, which may be significant in enhanced virus transmission. Furthermore, granulocyte dysfunction and higher viral loads in G6PD-deificient individuals may result in severe form of dengue infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed A. Ali
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Faisal Muti Al-Hassan
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Fauziah Mohd Idris
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sin-Yeang Teow
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Narazah Mohd Yusoff
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Luzzatto L, Seneca E. G6PD deficiency: a classic example of pharmacogenetics with on-going clinical implications. Br J Haematol 2014; 164:469-80. [PMID: 24372186 PMCID: PMC4153881 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
That primaquine and other drugs can trigger acute haemolytic anaemia in subjects who have an inherited mutation of the glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) gene has been known for over half a century: however, these events still occur, because when giving the drug either the G6PD status of a person is not known, or the risk of this potentially life-threatening complication is under-estimated. Here we review briefly the genetic basis of G6PD deficiency, and then the pathophysiology and the clinical features of drug-induced haemolysis; we also update the list of potentially haemolytic drugs (which includes rasburicase). It is now clear that it is not good practice to give one of these drugs before testing a person for his/her G6PD status, especially in populations in whom G6PD deficiency is common. We discuss therefore how G6PD testing can be done reconciling safety with cost; this is once again becoming of public health importance, as more countries are moving along the pathway of malaria elimination, that might require mass administration of primaquine. Finally, we sketch the triangular relationship between malaria, antimalarials such as primaquine, and G6PD deficiency: which is to some extent protective against malaria, but also a genetically determined hazard when taking primaquine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucio Luzzatto
- Istituto Toscano Tumori and Department of Haematology, University of FlorenceFirenze, Italy
| | - Elisa Seneca
- Department of Haematology, University of Naples Federico IINapoli, Italy
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Aberg JA, Gallant JE, Ghanem KG, Emmanuel P, Zingman BS, Horberg MA. Primary care guidelines for the management of persons infected with HIV: 2013 update by the HIV medicine association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 58:e1-34. [PMID: 24235263 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based guidelines for the management of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were prepared by an expert panel of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. These updated guidelines replace those published in 2009. The guidelines are intended for use by healthcare providers who care for HIV-infected patients. Since 2009, new antiretroviral drugs and classes have become available, and the prognosis of persons with HIV infection continues to improve. However, with fewer complications and increased survival, HIV-infected persons are increasingly developing common health problems that also affect the general population. Some of these conditions may be related to HIV infection itself or its treatment. HIV-infected persons should be managed and monitored for all relevant age- and sex-specific health problems. New information based on publications from the period 2009-2013 has been incorporated into this document.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Aberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, New York University School of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is common in persons with HIV infection and is associated with poor prognosis. There is a need to assess the effects of anemia treatments, and to determine whether these interventions are beneficial. OBJECTIVES To determine the efficacy and safety of treatments for anemia in people with HIV infection and AIDS. SEARCH STRATEGY The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library Issue 10, 2010), MEDLINE (1980-November 25, 2010), EMBASE (1980-November 25, 2010), LlLACS (1982 to November 25, 2010), Africa Index Medicus (up to November 9, 2010), ISI Web of Knowledge (2005 to October 9, 2010), Scirus (October 9, 2010) reference lists of relevant articles. We asked the Cochrane HIV/AIDS and Pregnancy and Childbirth Groups to check their Specialised Registers. We also checked the reference lists of all trials identified by the above methods. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized trials assessing the effects of treatments for anemia in people diagnosed with HIV infection. There were no age restrictions. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two authors independently assessed relevant studies for inclusion. Data extraction and quality assessment of relevant studies was performed by two authors and checked by the other two authors. MAIN RESULTS Six trials with a high risk of bias, including 537 patients, met the inclusion criteria. These trials only covered recombinant Human erythropoietin alfa (rHuEPO). Two of them including adult and paediatric participants (84 participants and 4 events) comparing rHuEPO to placebo did not reduce the risk of mortality with a follow up to 12 weeks (pooled RR 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08 to 4.05, I(2) = 0%). Any trials that compared rHuEPO to placebo did not show any benefit on hematological values response, number of patients transfused, or number of packed red cell transfused. Two trial compared the effects of two rHuEPO dosing regimens on hemoglobin value and quality of life, but the effects are unclear. Three RCT reported high risk of attrition bias; therefore, were not included in a meta-analysis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS This updated Cochrane review provides evidence that rHuEPO compared with placebo does not reduce mortality, does not reduce transfusion requirements, did not increase hemoglobin levels, and did not improve quality of life in HIV-infected patients with anemia. The results are based on six RCTs with high risk of bias. Therefore prescription of this intervention for treating anemia in patients with AIDS is not justified, unless new evidence from a large high quality trial alters this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo J Martí-Carvajal
- Universidad de Carabobo and Iberoamerican Cochrane Network, Valencia, Edo. Carabobo, Venezuela
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11
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Prevalence of G6PD deficiency in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients. J Infect 2010; 61:399-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2010.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2010] [Revised: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chisholm-Burns MA, Patanwala AE, Spivey CA. Aseptic meningitis, hemolytic anemia, hepatitis, and orthostatic hypotension in a patient treated with trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2010; 67:123-7. [DOI: 10.2146/ajhp080558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marie A. Chisholm-Burns
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson
| | - Asad E. Patanwala
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson
| | - Christina A. Spivey
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson
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Aberg JA, Kaplan JE, Libman H, Emmanuel P, Anderson JR, Stone VE, Oleske JM, Currier JS, Gallant JE. Primary Care Guidelines for the Management of Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: 2009 Update by the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49:651-81. [PMID: 19640227 DOI: 10.1086/605292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Evidence-based guidelines for the management of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were prepared by an expert panel of the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. These updated guidelines replace those published in 2004. The guidelines are intended for use by health care providers who care for HIV-infected patients or patients who may be at risk for acquiring HIV infection. Since 2004, new antiretroviral drugs and classes have become available, and the prognosis of persons with HIV infection continues to improve. However, with fewer complications and increased survival, HIV-infected persons are increasingly developing common health problems that also affect the general population. Some of these conditions may be related to HIV infection itself and its treatment. HIV-infected persons should be managed and monitored for all relevant age- and gender-specific health problems. New information based on publications from the period 2003–2008 has been incorporated into this document.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A. Aberg
- New York University School of Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Center, New York
| | | | - Howard Libman
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jean R. Anderson
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Valerie E. Stone
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Joel E. Gallant
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Nkhoma ET, Poole C, Vannappagari V, Hall SA, Beutler E. The global prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2009; 42:267-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2008.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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