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Rusu MC, Lazăr M, Vrapciu AD, Geamănu A. Multiple Rare Anatomic Variations in Anterior and Posterior Cerebral Circulation: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e59236. [PMID: 38813279 PMCID: PMC11133773 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Anatomic variations of intracranial arteries are of paramount importance in neurosurgery and interventional radiology. Three extremely rare arterial variants were found by observing the intracranial vascular anatomy on the magnetic resonance angiography files of a 56-year-old female patient. Firstly, on the left side of the vertebrobasilar axis, a persistent primitive lateral basilovertebral anastomosis was found uniting the left anterior inferior and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries; further, the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery looped above the nerves of the internal auditory canal. Secondly, the right posterior inferior cerebellar artery was shown to be leaving the vertebral artery and had a distal fenestration of the telovelotonsillar segment. Such cases of distal fenestrated posterior inferior cerebellar artery are rare. Thirdly, a partly duplicated anterior communicating artery was also found in the anterior circulation. In conclusion, magnetic resonance angiography helps distinguish and detail discrete and delicate rare arterial variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugurel C Rusu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Mihai Lazăr
- Division of Physiopathology 2, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Alexandra D Vrapciu
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Division of Ophthalmology, University Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Aida Geamănu
- Division of Ophthalmology, University Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
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Schmidt RF, Sweid A, Chalouhi N, Avery MB, Sajja KC, Al-Saiegh F, Weinberg JH, Asada A, Joffe D, Zarzour HK, Gooch MR, Rosenwasser RH, Jabbour PM, Tjoumakaris SI. Endovascular Management of Complex Fenestration-Associated Aneurysms: A Single-Institution Retrospective Study and Review of Existing Techniques. World Neurosurg 2020; 146:e607-e617. [PMID: 33130285 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.10.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aneurysms associated with fenestrations of intracranial arteries are exceptionally rare findings. Management strategies for these aneurysms are not well-defined, especially regarding endovascular treatment. We sought to investigate the strategies and feasibility of endovascular treatment approaches for various fenestration-associated intracranial aneurysms. METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review of 2000 aneurysms treated endovascularly, identifying 8 aneurysms located at arterial fenestrations. The technical details and procedural outcomes were reviewed to identify common management approaches, technical nuances, and treatment outcomes. RESULTS There were 3 (37.5%) aneurysms associated with fenestrations of the basilar artery or vertebrobasilar junction. All 3 were successfully treated with a previously undescribed coil-assisted flow-diversion technique, resulting in complete obliteration. Three (37.5%) aneurysms were associated with fenestrations of the anterior communicating artery. Of those, 2 were successfully treated with stent-assisted coil embolization and 1 with coil embolization alone. One (12.5%) aneurysm was associated with a fenestration of the paraclinoid internal carotid artery and 1 (12.5%) aneurysm found was at the takeoff of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery at a fenestration of the vertebral artery. Both were successfully treated with coil-assisted flow diversion. There were no permanent procedural complications. Major considerations for endovascular management of these aneurysms were the dominance of fenestration trunks, aneurysms arising from the fenestration apex or a fenestration limb, amenability to flow diversion, and anticipation of vascular remodeling. CONCLUSIONS Fenestration-associated aneurysms are very rare. We have identified common factors to help guide decision-making for endovascular approaches and demonstrate successful aneurysm treatment using these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard F Schmidt
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Ahmad Sweid
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nohra Chalouhi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael B Avery
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kalyan C Sajja
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fadi Al-Saiegh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joshua H Weinberg
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ashlee Asada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel Joffe
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hekmat K Zarzour
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - M Reid Gooch
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert H Rosenwasser
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pascal M Jabbour
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Miao HL, Zhang DY, Wang T, Jiao XT, Jiao LQ. Clinical Importance of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery: A Review of the Literature. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:3005-3019. [PMID: 33173421 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.49137if:3.642q3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), with its unique anatomical complexity, is of great clinical importance and involved in many diseases including aneurysm, ischemic stroke, neurovascular compression syndrome (NVCS), arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and brain tumor. However, a comprehensive systematic review of the importance of the PICA is currently lacking. In this study, we perform a literature review of PICA by searching all the associated papers in the PUBMED database hoping to provide a better understanding of the artery. The PICA has tortuous and variable course and territory, divided into 5 segments. Various aneurysms involving PICA were not uncommon, of which the treatment is challenging. The PICA infarct typically manifests lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) and is more likely to cause mass effects. The PICA frequently compresses the medulla and the cranial nerves resulting in various neurovascular compression syndromes (NVCS). Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) fed by PICA are associated with aneurysm and dissection which have high risk of rupture and worse outcome. PICA injured by head trauma can cause fatal SAH. VA terminating in PICA probably cause Bow hunter's syndrome (BHS). The PICA supplies many brain tumors and can be used in intracerebellar chemotherapy. The PICA can be exposed and injured during surgeries especially in telovelar approach, and it also plays an important role in bypass surgeries, hinting the surgical importance of PICA. In conclusion, PICA is very important in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lei Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China
- Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Deng-Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China
- School of General Practice and Continuing Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069,China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Li-Qun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China
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4
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Maeda K, Takagishi S, Kawano Y, Maehara N, Michiwaki Y, Nagaoka S, Gi H, Kanemoto Y. Coiling for a saccular aneurysm on the caudal channel in double origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Neuroradiol J 2020; 33:334-339. [PMID: 32164479 DOI: 10.1177/1971400920910644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Double origin of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (DOPICA) is a rare cranial imaging finding with an incidence of 0.36-6% reported in various retrospective studies. Aneurysms on a DOPICA are even rarer. CASE DESCRIPTION A 34-year-old women hospitalised for subarachnoid haemorrhage showed a ruptured aneurysm arising from the caudal channel of the DOPICA. Endovascular treatment was selected, and the aneurysm was successfully and completely embolised using two coils. CONCLUSIONS To date, a total of three previous saccular aneurysms of the DOPICA itself have been reported, all of which were treated using endovascular methods. Our case is the first report of a ruptured saccular aneurysm arising from the non-branching segment of the caudal channel of the DOPICA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazushi Maeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baba Memorial Hospital, Japan
| | - Soh Takagishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyushu University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baba Memorial Hospital, Japan
| | - Naoki Maehara
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baba Memorial Hospital, Japan
| | | | | | - Hidefuku Gi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baba Memorial Hospital, Japan
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Miao HL, Zhang DY, Wang T, Jiao XT, Jiao LQ. Clinical Importance of the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery: A Review of the Literature. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:3005-3019. [PMID: 33173421 PMCID: PMC7646108 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.49137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), with its unique anatomical complexity, is of great clinical importance and involved in many diseases including aneurysm, ischemic stroke, neurovascular compression syndrome (NVCS), arteriovenous malformation (AVM), and brain tumor. However, a comprehensive systematic review of the importance of the PICA is currently lacking. In this study, we perform a literature review of PICA by searching all the associated papers in the PUBMED database hoping to provide a better understanding of the artery. The PICA has tortuous and variable course and territory, divided into 5 segments. Various aneurysms involving PICA were not uncommon, of which the treatment is challenging. The PICA infarct typically manifests lateral medullary syndrome (LMS) and is more likely to cause mass effects. The PICA frequently compresses the medulla and the cranial nerves resulting in various neurovascular compression syndromes (NVCS). Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) fed by PICA are associated with aneurysm and dissection which have high risk of rupture and worse outcome. PICA injured by head trauma can cause fatal SAH. VA terminating in PICA probably cause Bow hunter's syndrome (BHS). The PICA supplies many brain tumors and can be used in intracerebellar chemotherapy. The PICA can be exposed and injured during surgeries especially in telovelar approach, and it also plays an important role in bypass surgeries, hinting the surgical importance of PICA. In conclusion, PICA is very important in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lei Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China.,Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Deng-Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China.,School of General Practice and Continuing Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069,China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China
| | - Li-Qun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100032, China
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Nadarajah J, Jain N, Sebastian LJD, Gaikwad SB, Garg A, Prabhakar A. Endovascular management of a ruptured aneurysm associated with distal PICA fenestration. Interv Neuroradiol 2019; 25:430-433. [PMID: 30922197 DOI: 10.1177/1591019919838194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fenestrations are rare but well-known arterial anatomic variations in which a segment of artery divides into two parallel channels that reunite distally. Although fenestrations as such are asymptomatic, they have gained clinical significance because of their association with aneurysms and other intracranial vascular pathologies. Here we present a 35-year-old woman with history of sudden severe occipital headache and vomiting. Imaging revealed a ruptured aneurysm in the distal posterior inferior cerebellar artery arising from one of the limbs of the fenestration. The aneurysm was successfully managed by coiling, and the patient made complete recovery without neurological sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeyaseelan Nadarajah
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Nishchint Jain
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - S B Gaikwad
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Garg
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anuj Prabhakar
- Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Neuroradiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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