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Zhao J, Xu J, Zhang R. MicroRNA-539 inhibits colorectal cancer progression by directly targeting SOX4. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2693-2700. [PMID: 30013665 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-associated mortality in males and females globally. Aberrant expression of microRNA-539 (miR-539) has been reported in multiple types of cancer. However, miR-539 expression, function and underlying mechanisms have not been clearly elucidated in CRC. In the present study, miR-539 expression was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in CRC tissues and cell lines. The effects of miR-539 on CRC cells were further examined in in vitro studies. In addition, the direct targets of miR-539 in CRC were investigated using bioinformatics, luciferase reporter assays, RT-qPCR and western blotting. miR-539 was revealed to be significantly downregulated in CRC cell lines and tissues. Decreased miR-539 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis and tumor-node-metastasis stage in patients with CRC. Functional assays revealed that the rescue of miR-539 expression attenuated CRC cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. Additionally, SRY-box 4 (SOX4) was validated as a direct target gene of miR-539 in CRC. Furthermore, SOX4 was revealed to be upregulated in CRC tissues at the mRNA and protein level. A significant negative correlation between miR-539 and SOX4 mRNA expression levels was observed in CRC tissues. Furthermore, upregulation of SOX4 partially restored the tumor suppressive effects of miR-539 on CRC cell proliferation and invasion. Taken together, this suggests that miR-539 may serve tumor-suppressive functions in CRC during the process of malignant transformation, by directly targeting SOX4. miR-539/SOX4-based targeted therapy may represent a potential novel treatment for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, P.R. China
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Noonan SA, Morrissey ME, Martin P, Biniecka M, Ó'Meachair S, Maguire A, Tosetto M, Nolan B, Hyland J, Sheahan K, O'Donoghue D, Mulcahy H, Fennelly D, O'Sullivan J. Tumour vasculature immaturity, oxidative damage and systemic inflammation stratify survival of colorectal cancer patients on bevacizumab treatment. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 29535825 PMCID: PMC5828217 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy, response rates are modest and there are no biomarkers available that will predict response. The aim of this study was to assess if markers associated with three interconnected cancer-associated biological processes, specifically angiogenesis, inflammation and oxidative damage, could stratify the survival outcome of this cohort. Levels of angiogenesis, inflammation and oxidative damage markers were assessed in pre-bevacizumab resected tumour and serum samples of mCRC patients by dual immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and ELISA. This study identified that specific markers of angiogenesis, inflammation and oxidative damage stratify survival of patients on this anti-angiogenic treatment. Biomarkers of immature tumour vasculature (% IMM, p=0.026, n=80), high levels of oxidative damage in the tumour epithelium (intensity of 8-oxo-dG in nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments, p=0.042 and 0.038 respectively, n=75) and lower systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL6 and IL8, p=0.053 and 0.049 respectively, n=61) significantly stratify with median overall survival (OS). In summary, screening for a panel of biomarkers for high levels of immature tumour vasculature, high levels of oxidative DNA damage and low levels of systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines may be beneficial in predicting enhanced survival outcome following bevacizumab treatment for mCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinead A Noonan
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria E Morrissey
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Petra Martin
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Monika Biniecka
- Education and Research Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shane Ó'Meachair
- Centre for Health Decision Science (CHeDS), School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife Maguire
- Department of Histopathology, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Miriam Tosetto
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Blathnaid Nolan
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Hyland
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kieran Sheahan
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diarmuid O'Donoghue
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hugh Mulcahy
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Fennelly
- Centre for Colorectal Disease, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Trinity Translational Medicine Institute (TTMI), Department of Surgery, Trinity College Dublin, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Liu GF, Chang H, Li BT, Zhang Y, Li DD, Liu Y, Yang Y. Effect of recombinant human endostatin onradiotherapy for esophagus cancer. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 9:86-90. [PMID: 26851794 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of radiotherapy plus recombinant human endostatin (RH-endostatin) on esophageal cancer and its mechanism. METHODS A total of 50 nudemice were equally randomized into control group, radiotherapy group, and combined therapy group I, II, and III after inoculating with Eca109 cell suspension (1 × 10(7) cells/mL). On the day of grouping, control group and radiotherapy group were injected normal saline, while radiotherapy group and 3 combined therapy groups received radiotherapy; besides, combined therapy group I, II, and III was injected RH-endostatin of 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg respectively. After 3-week therapy, the tumors of each group were collected and microvessel density and VEGF expression in tumors were determined. In vitro, Eca109 cells were divided into control group, radiotherapy group, and combined therapy group. Forty-eight hours after treatment, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were detected, and the activity of VEGF signal paths was semiquantitatively analyzed. RESULTS Since the 6th day of treatment, the relative tumor proliferation rate of combined therapy group II was lower than radiotherapy group (P < 0.05) and ≤40% since the 15th day. Average microvessel density and EGFR expression in combined therapy group II were lower than radiotherapy group (P < 0.05). In vitro, the cell percentage in S and G2/M phase of combined therapy group cells was lower than that in radiotherapy group cells, while the apoptosis rate and the expression of VEGF, AKT, p-AKT, ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 in combined group were higher than that in radiotherapy group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS RH-endostatin promotes the efficacy of radiotherapy on esophageal cancer, which may be partly realized by inhibiting the activity of VEGF related signal paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Chang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bao-Tian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, No. 153 Hospital of Liberation Army, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital Central-South University, Changsha, China.
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Kurbel B, Golem AZ, Kurbel S. Are predictions of cancer response to targeted drugs, based on effects in unrelated tissues, the ‘Black Swan’ events? Future Oncol 2015; 11:2307-14. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.15.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse effects of targeted drugs on normal tissues can predict the cancer response. Rash correlates with efficacy of erlotinib, cetuximab and gefitinib and onset of arterial hypertension with response to bevacizumab, sunitinib, axitinib and sorafenib, possible examples of ‘Black Swan’ events, unexpected scientific observations, as described by Karl Popper in 1935. The proposition is that our patients have individual intrinsic variants of cell growth control, important for tumor response and adverse effects on tumor-unrelated tissue. This means that the lack of predictive side effects in healthy tissue is linked with poor results of tumor therapy when tumor resistance is caused by mechanisms that protect all cells of that patient from the targeted drug effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrica Kurbel
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Reanimatology & Intensive Care, University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ante Zvonimir Golem
- Division of Abdominal Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sven Kurbel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Osijek University Hospital Centre, Osijek, Croatia
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Pietrantonio F, Orlandi A, Inno A, Da Prat V, Spada D, Iaculli A, Di Bartolomeo M, Morosi C, de Braud F. Bevacizumab-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer liver metastases: Pitfalls and helpful tricks in a review for clinicians. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 95:272-81. [PMID: 25958297 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bevacizumab added to chemotherapy has shown encouraging efficacy in the neoadjuvant therapy of colorectal cancer liver metastases. In absence of biological predictor factors of efficacy to bevacizumab-based treatment, the assessment of response may be a crucial point to select patients who may benefit the most from surgery. At the same time the pathological response after liver resection could represent a guide for the next therapeutic plan. In the pre-surgical phase, conventional computed tomography and response evaluation with RECIST criteria may underestimate the response to anti-angiogenic drugs. Modified computed tomography criteria of response, morphologic changes as well as novel imaging techniques and metabolic assessment by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography seem to be promising methods for the assessment of response and for leading the clinical choices. Pathological response at the time of surgery is an important prognostic factor and a surrogate of survival for resected patients. Different classification criteria to assess pathological response have been developed, residual viable tumor, tumor regression grade (TRG), modified TRG and tumor thickness at the tumor-normal interface, but to date a superiority of one approach over the others has not been clearly established. In this review, we evaluate the available data with the aim to help the clinicians in the pre- and post-surgical care of patient with colorectal cancer liver metastases treated with bevacizumab-based neoadjuvant strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Pietrantonio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - Armando Orlandi
- Medical Oncology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Inno
- Medical Oncology, Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Valentina Da Prat
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Spada
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | | | - Maria Di Bartolomeo
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Morosi
- Radiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo de Braud
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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