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Mazzoccoli G, De Cata A, De Pinto GD, De Matthaeis A, Vendemiale G. Immunopathogenetic and pharmacological aspects of interstitial lung diseases. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2011; 23:971-80. [PMID: 21244746 DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are inflammatory diseases characterized by slow and progressive destruction of alveolar-capillary functional units, often leading to respiratory failure and death. A first stage of alveolitis and a following stage of fibrosis provoke an anatomical distortion of the peripheral airways and the interstitium, and for their smoldering evolution and non-specificity of symptoms ILDs may remain undiagnosed and untreated for a long time. In this review we exploited the immunopathogenetic aspects and the therapeutical approaches to this frequently unrecognized and severe disease.
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Castellani ML, Felaco P, Galzio RJ, Tripodi D, Toniato E, De Lutiis MA, Fulcheri M, Caraffa A, Antinolfi P, Tetè S, Felaco M, Conti F, Pandolfi F, Theoharides TC, Shaik-Dasthagirisaheb YB. IL-31 a Th2 cytokine involved in immunity and inflammation. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:709-13. [PMID: 20943040 DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are immunal regulatory proteins, however they also play a relevant role in inflammatory diseases. IL-31 is a newly discovered cytokine expressed primarily in TH2 cells, introduced by activated CD4+ T cells. IL-31 is capable of inducing chemokines and other cytokines in several inflammatory diseases via its surface receptor. This cytokine is also produced by mast cells and mast cell line, suggesting a role in allergic diseases. In this editorial we revisit the biological role of IL-31 in immunity and inflammation.
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Anogeianaki A, Castellani M, Tripodi D, Toniato E, De Lutiis M, Conti F, Felaco P, Fulcheri M, Theoharides T, Galzio R, Caraffa A, Antinolfi P, Cuccurullo C, Ciampoli C, Felaco M, Cerulli G, Pandolfi F, Sabatino G, Neri G, Shaik-Dasthagirisaheb Y. Vitamins and Mast Cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:991-6. [DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is a highly complex, intricately regulated group of cells whose integrated function is essential to health. The mast cell inflammatory response is characterized by an early phase with massive discharge of mediators stored in cytoplasmic secretory granules. Through multigranular/compound exocytosis and a late phase that involves generation of arachidonic acid metabolites and de novo synthesis of cytokines/chemokines and growth factors. Vitamins have been shown to have a protective effect on the body's immune cells. Vitamin C and E are necessary in allergic disease treatment where mast cells are involved. In addition, ascorbic acid and pyridoxine are useful compounds for the treatment of inflammatory disorder of the respiratory airways. Here we revisited the inter-relationship between vitamins and mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D. Tripodi
- School of Dentistry, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - E. Toniato
- Immunology Division, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - M.A. De Lutiis
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - F. Conti
- Gynecology Division, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - P. Felaco
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - M. Fulcheri
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - T.C. Theoharides
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Biochemistry and Internal Medicine Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R. Galzio
- Department of Health Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Italy
| | - A. Caraffa
- Orthopaedics Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - P. Antinolfi
- Orthopaedics Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Cuccurullo
- Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - C. Ciampoli
- Institute of Internal Medicine, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - M. Felaco
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - G. Cerulli
- Orthopaedics Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - F. Pandolfi
- Institute of Internal Medicine, Catholic University, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Sabatino
- Gynecology Division, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - G. Neri
- Department of ORL, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
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Raffaelli L, Santangelo R, Falchetti P, Galluccio F, Luciani N, Anselmi A, Nowzari H, Verdugo F, Fadda G, D'Addona A. Examination of periodontal pathogens in stenotic valve specimens and in whole blood samples in patients affected by aortic valve stenosis and chronic periodontitis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:561-6. [PMID: 20646351 DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis may be a risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The influence of periodontal pathogens in cardiovascular diseases needs further investigation. Therefore, the aims of this clinical study are: to test the presence of periodontal bacteria DNA in aortic valves and to assess the concomitant presence of the same periodontal bacteria DNA in whole blood samples in patients affected by aortic valve stenosis and chronic periodontitis. Nineteen consecutive patients (12 males and 7 females, age: 49-85 years) were enrolled in this study after having been subjected to a complete periodontal evaluation to confirm the diagnosis of chronic periodontitis. All patients were scheduled for aortic valve replacement surgery. After clinical and microbial periodontal examination, the aortic valve tissue specimens were obtained by excision during valve replacement surgery and the patients were subjected to the whole blood sampling before the surgery. The polymerase chain reaction technology was used to detect the putative periodontal pathogens Tannerella forshytia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens and Treponema denticola. Neither the 19 aortic valve specimens nor the blood samples were positive for the genoma of the selected periodontal pathogens. The selected periodontal pathogens did not colonize the aortic valve of patients affected by stenosis and bacterial genoma was not present in whole blood samples. A high blood pressure at the aortic valve may prevent the adhesion and proliferation of bacterial colonies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Raffaelli
- Unit of Oral Surgery and Implant-Prosthetic Rehabilitation, Institute of Dental Clinic, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, University General Hospital A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy.
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Symeonidou I, Pappa S, Kourelis A, Anogeianaki A, Frydas I, Karagouni E, Hatzistilianou M. Microarray Analysis of NF-κB Signaling Pathways in PBMC of Mice Infected by Trichinella Spiralis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:821-31. [DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB pathway gene expression profiles were compared between 10, 20 and 39 days after Trichinella spiralis experimental infection in BALB/c mice. Out of 128 genes, 19 (14.8%) genes were present in non-infected and post-infected mice. The expression of 7 (36.8%) genes was downregulated 10 and 20 days post-infection while 3 (15.8%) genes were upregulated 39 days post-infection. The present study lists the candidate genes of the NF-κB signaling pathway that were commonly and differentially expressed between the specific points of T. spiralis infection, thus suggesting that these genes need to be further investigated to reveal the mechanism of the T. spiralis modulation of the NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Pappa
- 2nd Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
| | - A. Kourelis
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, Biology School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki
| | - A. Anogeianaki
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Athens, Greece
| | | | - E. Karagouni
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Institute Pasteur Hellenique, Athens, Greece
| | - M. Hatzistilianou
- 2nd Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
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Castellani M, Anogeianaki A, Felaco P, Toniato E, De Lutiis M, Shaik B, Fulcheri M, Vecchiet J, Tetè S, Salini V, Theoharides T, Caraffa A, Antinolfi P, Frydas S, Conti P, Cuccurullo C, Ciampoli C, Cerulli G. IL-34 a Newly Discovered Cytokine. EUR J INFLAMM 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1000800202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we describe some biological effects of IL-34, a newly discovered cytokine. We show that Il-34 stimulates monocyte cell viability and directly modulates the number and function of monocytes and regulates myeloid cell growth and differentiation. Moreover, since IL-34 in mice is involved in osteoporosis, an antagonist of this cytokine could be beneficial for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Anogeianaki
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - P. Felaco
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Italy
| | | | - M.A. De Lutiis
- Department of Human Dynamics, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - B. Shaik
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M. Fulcheri
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - J. Vecchiet
- Infectious Diseases Division University of Chieti, Italy
| | - S. Tetè
- School of Dentistry, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - V. Salini
- Orthopaedics Division, University of Chieti
| | | | - A. Caraffa
- Orthopaedics Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - P. Antinolfi
- Orthopaedics Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - S. Frydas
- Parasitology and Parasit Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - C. Cuccurullo
- Division of Medical Pathology, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - C. Ciampoli
- School of Dentistry, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - G. Cerulli
- Orthopaedics Division, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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