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Guadagno E, Presta I, Maisano D, Donato A, Pirrone CK, Cardillo G, Corrado SD, Mignogna C, Mancuso T, Donato G, Del Basso De Caro M, Malara N. Role of Macrophages in Brain Tumor Growth and Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041005. [PMID: 29584702 PMCID: PMC5979398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of macrophages in the growth and the progression of tumors has been extensively studied in recent years. A large body of data demonstrates that macrophage polarization plays an essential role in the growth and progression of brain tumors, such as gliomas, meningiomas, and medulloblastomas. The brain neoplasm cells have the ability to influence the polarization state of the tumor associated macrophages. In turn, innate immunity cells have a decisive role through regulation of the acquired immune response, but also through humoral cross-talking with cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment. Neoangiogenesis, which is an essential element in glial tumor progression, is even regulated by the tumor associated macrophages, whose activity is linked to other factors, such as hypoxia. In addition, macrophages play a decisive role in establishing the entry into the bloodstream of cancer cells. As is well known, the latter phenomenon is also present in brain tumors, even if they only rarely metastasize. Looking ahead in the future, we can imagine that characterizing the relationships between tumor and tumor associated macrophage, as well as the study of circulating tumor cells, could give us useful tools in prognostic evaluation and therapy. More generally, the study of innate immunity in brain tumors can boost the development of new forms of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Guadagno
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences-Pathology Section, University of Naples "Federico II"-via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Ivan Presta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Domenico Maisano
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Annalidia Donato
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Caterina Krizia Pirrone
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Cardillo
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Simona Domenica Corrado
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Chiara Mignogna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Teresa Mancuso
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Donato
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Marialaura Del Basso De Caro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences-Pathology Section, University of Naples "Federico II"-via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Natalia Malara
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine-University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"-viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
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Di Vito A, Santise G, Mignogna C, Chiefari E, Cardillo G, Presta I, Arturi F, Malara N, Brunetti F, Donato A, Maisano D, Leonetti S, Maselli D, Barni T, Donato G. Innate immunity in cardiac myxomas and its pathological and clinical correlations. Innate Immun 2017; 24:47-53. [PMID: 29145790 PMCID: PMC6830761 DOI: 10.1177/1753425917741678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac myxomas are the most common benign cardiac tumor. We investigated the
immunohistochemical properties of 11 surgically excised cardiac myxomas, in
order to analyze the correlation between macrophages and mast cell populations
and clinical parameters. CD68+/CD163−/iNOS−
(M0) cells represent the most abundant macrophage phenotype; however,
CD68+/CD163+ cells (M2) were also frequent.
CD68+/iNOS+ (M1) elements were rare. Mast cells,
defined as a population of c-kit (CD117)+ and/or tryptase+
cells were also detected. Statistical analysis showed significant correlations
between c-kit (CD117)+ and tryptase, CD68 and erythrocyte
sedimentation rate (ESR), ESR and red blood cell count (RBC), and prothrombin
time and platelet count. The inverse correlation between RBCs in peripheral
blood and ESR suggested that anemia associated with chronic inflammatory disease
is a noncasual event in patients suffering from cardiac myxoma. Mechanical
hemolysis may be only a minor component of anemia, according to the lack of
correlation between echographic surface and RBCs. Moreover, tumor size did not
correlate with ESR, showing that inflammatory state may depend from both tumor
cells population and inflammatory infiltrate. In the future, modulation of
macrophage polarization in cardiac myxomas might represent important therapeutic
target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Di Vito
- 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santise
- 2 Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Sant'Anna Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Mignogna
- 3 Department of Health Science, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Eusebio Chiefari
- 3 Department of Health Science, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cardillo
- 3 Department of Health Science, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ivan Presta
- 3 Department of Health Science, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Franco Arturi
- 4 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Natalia Malara
- 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Annalidia Donato
- 4 Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Maisano
- 6 Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Maselli
- 2 Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Sant'Anna Hospital, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tullio Barni
- 1 Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Donato
- 3 Department of Health Science, 9325 Magna Græcia University , Catanzaro, Italy
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Scali E, Mignogna C, Di Vito A, Presta I, Camastra C, Donato G, Bottoni U. Inflammation and macrophage polarization in cutaneous melanoma: Histopathological and immunohistochemical study. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 29:715-719. [PMID: 27387897 PMCID: PMC5806828 DOI: 10.1177/0394632016650895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are considered to affect tumor growth and progression. Macrophages can be classified into two states of polarized activation, namely classically activated M1 macrophages and alternatively activated M2 macrophages. The dynamic balance between TAMs and tumor cells has an important impact on tumor homeostasis and progression. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotype of TAMs present in different subtypes of superficial spreading cutaneous melanoma and their relationship with the lymphocytic infiltrate in order to identify new histopathological tools for melanoma prognosis and suitable targets for melanoma therapy. We selected four groups of patients with malignant melanoma in order to analyze the profile of polarized macrophage activation using immunohistochemical methods. Histopathological analysis showed that the macrophage polarization state appears to be more related to the lymphocytic infiltrate than to the thickness of the lesions. Further studies are necessary to increase understanding of the immunopathological dynamic of melanoma that may be modulated by future targeted immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Scali
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Mignogna
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Di Vito
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ivan Presta
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Caterina Camastra
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Donato
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ugo Bottoni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Catanzaro, Italy
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Mignogna C, Signorelli F, Vismara MFM, Zeppa P, Camastra C, Barni T, Donato G, Di Vito A. A reappraisal of macrophage polarization in glioblastoma: Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings and review of the literature. Pathol Res Pract 2016; 212:491-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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