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Roy Chaudhuri T, Lin Q, Stachowiak EK, Rosario SR, Spernyak JA, Ma WW, Stachowiak MK, Greene MK, Quinn GP, McDade SS, Clynes M, Scott CJ, Straubinger RM. Dual-Hit Strategy for Therapeutic Targeting of Pancreatic Cancer in Patient-Derived Xenograft Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1367-1381. [PMID: 38270582 PMCID: PMC11019863 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Paracrine activation of pro-fibrotic hedgehog (HH) signaling in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) results in stromal amplification that compromises tumor drug delivery, efficacy, and patient survival. Interdiction of HH-mediated tumor-stroma crosstalk with smoothened (SMO) inhibitors (SHHi) "primes" PDAC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumors for increased drug delivery by transiently increasing vascular patency/permeability, and thereby macromolecule delivery. However, patient tumor isolates vary in their responsiveness, and responders show co-induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We aimed to identify the signal derangements responsible for EMT induction and reverse them and devise approaches to stratify SHHi-responsive tumors noninvasively based on clinically-quantifiable parameters. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Animals underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (DW-MR) imaging for measurement of intratumor diffusivity. In parallel, tissue-level deposition of nanoparticle probes was quantified as a marker of vascular permeability/perfusion. Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analysis was employed to investigate SHHi-induced gene reprogramming and identify key "nodes" responsible for EMT induction. RESULTS Multiple patient tumor isolates responded to short-term SHH inhibitor exposure with increased vascular patency and permeability, with proportionate increases in tumor diffusivity. Nonresponding PDXs did not. SHHi-treated tumors showed elevated FGF drive and distinctly higher nuclear localization of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR1) in EMT-polarized tumor cells. Pan-FGFR inhibitor NVP-BGJ398 (Infigratinib) reversed the SHHi-induced EMT marker expression and nuclear FGFR1 accumulation without compromising the enhanced permeability effect. CONCLUSIONS This dual-hit strategy of SMO and FGFR inhibition provides a clinically-translatable approach to compromise the profound impermeability of PDAC tumors. Furthermore, clinical deployment of DW-MR imaging could fulfill the essential clinical-translational requirement for patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tista Roy Chaudhuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at
Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Qingxiang Lin
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Ewa K. Stachowiak
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University
at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Spencer R. Rosario
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Roswell
Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Joseph A. Spernyak
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
| | - Wen Wee Ma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer
Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44106
| | - Michal K. Stachowiak
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University
at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Michelle K. Greene
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School
of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast,
Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Gerard P. Quinn
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School
of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast,
Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Simon S. McDade
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School
of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast,
Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Martin Clynes
- The National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin
City University, Glasnevin 9, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christopher J. Scott
- The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, School
of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast,
Belfast BT9 7AE, UK
| | - Robert M. Straubinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at
Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park
Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263
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Matsuki R, Okano N, Hasui N, Kawaguchi S, Momose H, Kogure M, Suzuki Y, Nagashima F, Sakamoto Y. Trends in the surgical treatment for pancreatic cancer in the last 30 years. Biosci Trends 2022; 16:198-206. [PMID: 35732435 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2022.01250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has the poorest prognosis among digestive cancers. During the 1990s, the 5-year survival rate of surgical patients with pancreatic cancer was 14% in Japan. However, survival rates have increased to 40% in the 2020s due to the refinement of surgical procedures and the introduction of perioperative chemotherapy. Several pivotal randomized controlled trials have played an indispensable role to establish each standard treatment strategy. Resectability of pancreatic cancer can be classified into resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable based on the anatomic configuration, and multidisciplinary treatment strategies for each classification have been revised rapidly. Investigation of superior perioperative adjuvant treatments for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer and the establishment of optimal conversion surgery for unresectable pancreatic cancer are the progressive subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Matsuki
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Okano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Hasui
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shohei Kawaguchi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Momose
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kogure
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumio Nagashima
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sakamoto
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Merz V, Mangiameli D, Zecchetto C, Quinzii A, Pietrobono S, Messina C, Casalino S, Gaule M, Pesoni C, Vitale P, Trentin C, Frisinghelli M, Caffo O, Melisi D. Predictive Biomarkers for a Personalized Approach in Resectable Pancreatic Cancer. Front Surg 2022; 9:866173. [PMID: 35599791 PMCID: PMC9114435 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.866173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mainstay treatment for patients with immediate resectable pancreatic cancer remains upfront surgery, which represents the only potentially curative strategy. Nevertheless, the majority of patients surgically resected for pancreatic cancer experiences disease relapse, even when a combination adjuvant therapy is offered. Therefore, aiming at improving disease free survival and overall survival of these patients, there is an increasing interest in evaluating the activity and efficacy of neoadjuvant and perioperative treatments. In this view, it is of utmost importance to find biomarkers able to select patients who may benefit from a preoperative therapy rather than upfront surgical resection. Defined genomic alterations and a dynamic inflammatory microenvironment are the major culprits for disease recurrence and resistance to chemotherapeutic treatments in pancreatic cancer patients. Signal transduction pathways or tumor immune microenvironment could predict early recurrence and response to chemotherapy. In the last decade, distinct molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer have been described, laying the bases to a tailored therapeutic approach, started firstly in the treatment of advanced disease. Patients with homologous repair deficiency, in particular with mutant germline BRCA genes, represent the first subgroup demonstrating to benefit from specific therapies. A fraction of patients with pancreatic cancer could take advantage of genome sequencing with the aim of identifying possible targetable mutations. These genomic driven strategies could be even more relevant in a potentially curative setting. In this review, we outline putative predictive markers that could help in the next future in tailoring the best therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer patients with a potentially curable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Merz
- Medical Oncology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Domenico Mangiameli
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Camilla Zecchetto
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Quinzii
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Pietrobono
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Simona Casalino
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Marina Gaule
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Camilla Pesoni
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Trentin
- Medical Oncology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Orazio Caffo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Davide Melisi
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
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4
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Khodaverdi H, Zeini MS, Moghaddam MM, Vazifedust S, Akbariqomi M, Tebyanian H. Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery of the Anti-Cancer Drugs: A Review. Curr Drug Deliv 2022; 19:1012-1033. [DOI: 10.2174/1567201819666220117102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Cancer is one of the main reasons for mortality worldwide. Chemotherapeutic agents have been effectively designed to increase certain patients' survival rates, but ordinarily designed chemotherapeutic agents necessarily deliver toxic chemotherapeutic drugs to healthy tissues, resulting in serious side effects. Cancer cells can often acquire drug resistance after repeated dosing of current chemotherapeutic agents, restricting their efficacy. Given such obstacles, investigators have attempted to distribute chemotherapeutic agents using targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs), especially nanotechnology-based DDSs. Lipid-Based Nanoparticles (LBNPs) are a large and complex class of substances that have been utilized to manage a variety of diseases, mostly cancer. Liposomes seem to be the most frequently employed LBNPs, owing to their high biocompatibility, bioactivity, stability, and flexibility; howbeit Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) and Non-structured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) have lately received a lot of interest. Besides that, there are several reports that concentrate on novel therapies via LBNPs to manage various forms of cancer. In the present research, the latest improvements in the application of LBNPs have been shown to deliver different therapeutic agents to cancerous cells and have been demonstrated LBNPs also can be a quite successful candidate in cancer therapy for subsequent use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Khodaverdi
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shokrian Zeini
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Mostafa Akbariqomi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Tebyanian
- School of Dentistry, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Darroudi M, Gholami M, Rezayi M, Khazaei M. An overview and bibliometric analysis on the colorectal cancer therapy by magnetic functionalized nanoparticles for the responsive and targeted drug delivery. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:399. [PMID: 34844632 PMCID: PMC8630862 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01150-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing demands for personalized medicine and medical devices, nanomedicine is a modern scientific field, and research continues to apply nanomaterials for therapeutic and damaged tissue diagnosis. In this regard, substantial progress has been made in synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles with desired sizes, chemical composition, morphologies, and surface chemistry. Among these materials, nanomagnetic iron oxides have demonstrated promise as unique drug delivery carriers due to cancer treatment. This carrier could lead to responsive properties to a specific trigger, including heat, pH, alternative magnetic field, or even enzymes, through functionalization and coating of magnetic nanoparticles, along with biocompatibility, good chemical stability, easy functionalization, simple processing, and ability to localize to the tumor site with the assistance of external magnetic field. Current studies have focused on magnetic nanoparticles' utilities in cancer therapy, especially for colorectal cancer. Additionally, a bibliometric investigation was performed on the public trends in the field of the magnetic nanoparticle to drug delivery and anticancer, which represented progressing applications of these carriers in the multidisciplinary zones with a general view on future research and identified potential opportunities and challenges. Furthermore, we outline the current challenges and forthcoming research perspective for high performance and fostering advanced MNPs in colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Darroudi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Science, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Gholami
- Department of Chemistry, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 465, Marvdasht, Iran
| | - Majid Rezayi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Science, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran. .,Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran. .,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran. .,Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
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Vernuccio F, Messina C, Merz V, Cannella R, Midiri M. Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Role of the Radiologist and Oncologist in the Era of Precision Medicine. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:2166. [PMID: 34829513 PMCID: PMC8623921 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11112166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma are growing over time. The management of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma involves a multidisciplinary team, ideally involving experts from surgery, diagnostic imaging, interventional endoscopy, medical oncology, radiation oncology, pathology, geriatric medicine, and palliative care. An adequate staging of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and re-assessment of the tumor after neoadjuvant therapy allows the multidisciplinary team to choose the most appropriate treatment for the patient. This review article discusses advancement in the molecular basis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, diagnostic tools available for staging and tumor response assessment, and management of resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Vernuccio
- Radiology Unit, University Hospital "Paolo Giaccone", 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Carlo Messina
- Oncology Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Merz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, 38122 Trento, Italy
| | - Roberto Cannella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University Hospital of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Massimo Midiri
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University Hospital of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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7
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Kunovsky L, Dite P, Jabandziev P, Dolina J, Vaculova J, Blaho M, Bojkova M, Dvorackova J, Uvirova M, Kala Z, Trna J. Helicobacter pylori infection and other bacteria in pancreatic cancer and autoimmune pancreatitis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:835-844. [PMID: 34457189 PMCID: PMC8371525 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i8.835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an infectious agent influencing as much as 50% of the world’s population. It is the causative agent for several diseases, most especially gastric and duodenal peptic ulcer, gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach. A number of other, extragastric manifestations also are associated with H. pylori infection. These include neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, demyelinating multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease. There is also evidence for a relationship between H. pylori infection and such dermatological diseases as psoriasis and rosacea as well as a connection with infection and open-angle glaucoma. Generally little is known about the relationship between H. pylori infection and diseases of the pancreas. Most evidence about H. pylori and its potential role in the development of pancreatic diseases concerns pancreatic adenocarcinoma and autoimmune forms of chronic pancreatitis. There is data (albeit not fully consistent) indicating modestly increased pancreatic cancer risk in H. pylori-positive patients. The pathogenetic mechanism of this increase is not yet fully elucidated, but several theories have been proposed. Reduction of antral D-cells in H. pylori-positive patients causes a suppression of somatostatin secretion that, in turn, stimulates increased secretin secretion. That stimulates pancreatic growth and thus increases the risk of carcinogenesis. Alternatively, H. pylori, as a part of microbiome dysbiosis and the so-called oncobiome, is proven to be associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma development via the promotion of cellular proliferation. The role of H. pylori in the inflammation characteristic of autoimmune pancreatitis seems to be explained by a mechanism of molecular mimicry among several proteins (mostly enzymes) of H. pylori and pancreatic tissue. Patients with autoimmune pancreatitis often show positivity for antibodies against H. pylori proteins. H. pylori, as a part of microbiome dysbiosis, also is viewed as a potential trigger of autoimmune inflammation of the pancreas. It is precisely these relationships (and associated equivocal conclusions) that constitute a center of attention among pancreatologists, immunologists and pathologists. In order to obtain clear and valid results, more studies on sufficiently large cohorts of patients are needed. The topic is itself sufficiently significant to draw the interest of clinicians and inspire further systematic research. Next-generation sequencing could play an important role in investigating the microbiome as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumir Kunovsky
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Dite
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 70300, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jabandziev
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 61300, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Dolina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Vaculova
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Blaho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 70300, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bojkova
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 70300, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Dvorackova
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Forensic Studies, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava 70800, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava 70300, Czech Republic
| | | | - Zdenek Kala
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Trna
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno 65653, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Boskovice, Boskovice 68001, Czech Republic
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Cardobi N, Dal Palù A, Pedrini F, Beleù A, Nocini R, De Robertis R, Ruzzenente A, Salvia R, Montemezzi S, D’Onofrio M. An Overview of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Liver and Pancreatic Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2162. [PMID: 33946223 PMCID: PMC8124771 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most promising fields of research in medical imaging so far. By means of specific algorithms, it can be used to help radiologists in their routine workflow. There are several papers that describe AI approaches to solve different problems in liver and pancreatic imaging. These problems may be summarized in four different categories: segmentation, quantification, characterization and image quality improvement. Segmentation is usually the first step of successive elaborations. If done manually, it is a time-consuming process. Therefore, the semi-automatic and automatic creation of a liver or a pancreatic mask may save time for other evaluations, such as quantification of various parameters, from organs volume to their textural features. The alterations of normal liver and pancreas structure may give a clue to the presence of a diffuse or focal pathology. AI can be trained to recognize these alterations and propose a diagnosis, which may then be confirmed or not by radiologists. Finally, AI may be applied in medical image reconstruction in order to increase image quality, decrease dose administration (referring to computed tomography) and reduce scan times. In this article, we report the state of the art of AI applications in these four main categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Cardobi
- Radiology Unit, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (R.D.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Alessandro Dal Palù
- Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy;
| | - Federica Pedrini
- Department of Radiology, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (F.P.); (A.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Alessandro Beleù
- Department of Radiology, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (F.P.); (A.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Riccardo Nocini
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Riccardo De Robertis
- Radiology Unit, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (R.D.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Andrea Ruzzenente
- Department of Surgery, General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, University Hospital G.B. Rossi, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Roberto Salvia
- Unit of General and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery and Oncology, University of Verona Hospital Trust, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Stefania Montemezzi
- Radiology Unit, Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University Hospital of Verona, Piazzale Aristide Stefani, 1, 37126 Verona, Italy; (R.D.R.); (S.M.)
| | - Mirko D’Onofrio
- Department of Radiology, G.B. Rossi University Hospital, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (F.P.); (A.B.); (M.D.)
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