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Sajeev A, Hegde M, Girisa S, Devanarayanan TN, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sil SK, Sethi G, Chen JT, Kunnumakkara AB. Oroxylin A: A Promising Flavonoid for Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091185. [PMID: 36139025 PMCID: PMC9496116 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been magnificent advancements in the understanding of molecular mechanisms of chronic diseases over the past several years, but these diseases continue to be a considerable cause of death worldwide. Most of the approved medications available for the prevention and treatment of these diseases target only a single gene/protein/pathway and are known to cause severe side effects and are less effective than they are anticipated. Consequently, the development of finer therapeutics that outshine the existing ones is far-reaching. Natural compounds have enormous applications in curbing several disastrous and fatal diseases. Oroxylin A (OA) is a flavonoid obtained from the plants Oroxylum indicum, Scutellaria baicalensis, and S. lateriflora, which have distinctive pharmacological properties. OA modulates the important signaling pathways, including NF-κB, MAPK, ERK1/2, Wnt/β-catenin, PTEN/PI3K/Akt, and signaling molecules, such as TNF-α, TGF-ꞵ, MMPs, VEGF, interleukins, Bcl-2, caspases, HIF-1α, EMT proteins, Nrf-2, etc., which play a pivotal role in the molecular mechanism of chronic diseases. Overwhelming pieces of evidence expound on the anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, and anti-cancer potentials of this flavonoid, which makes it an engrossing compound for research. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies also displayed the promising potential of OA against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, inflammation, neurological disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. Therefore, the current review focuses on delineating the role of OA in combating different chronic diseases and highlighting the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Thulasidharan Nair Devanarayanan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Center, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Samir Kumar Sil
- Cell Physiology and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar 799022, India
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-T.C.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Correspondence: (J.-T.C.); (A.B.K.)
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Hui Y, Wen S, Lihong W, Chuang W, Chaoyun W. Molecular structures of nonvolatile components in the Haihong fruit wine and their free radical scavenging effect. Food Chem 2021; 353:129298. [PMID: 33711703 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the correlation between free radical scavenging effect and the related molecular structures of active substances in the Haihong fruit (Malus Micromalus Makino) wine, sixteen kinds of components were isolated from the fruit wine. The structures of thirteen components were identified by UV, FTIR, LC-MS, 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR. The scavenging abilities of the fruit wine on DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1 -picrylhydrazyl radical), OH, O2- and the protective effects on red blood cell, SOD (Superoxide Dismutase), CAT(Catalase) and GPX(glutathione peroxidases) in aging mice tissues were studied. Results showed that the structures of o-diphenol and m-diphenol play an important role in scavenging free radicals. A larger conjugation system in functional molecule is conducive to getting a higher scavenging rate of free radicals. When the chemical shift of phenol hydrogen is lower, the anti-oxygenation ability is stronger. The fruit wine exhibits a strong scavenging ability on free radicals. It can inhibit the damage of red blood cells caused by OH radical.
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Key Words
- Anti-oxidation
- Caffeic acid, (PubChem CID: 689043)
- Catechin, (PubChem CID: 9064)
- Chemical shift
- Chlorogenic acid, (PubChem CID: 1794427)
- Conjugation effect
- Epicatechin, (PubChem CID: 72276)
- Free radical
- Gallic acid, (PubChem CID: 370)
- Gentianic acid, (PubChem CID: 5281636)
- Haihong fruit wine
- Hyperoside, (PubChem CID: 5281643)
- Naringin dihydrochalcone, (PubChem CID:9894584)
- Nonvolatile components
- Oleanolic acid, (PubChem CID: 10494)
- Rutin, (PubChem CID: 5280805)
- Ursolic acid, (PubChem CID: 64945)
- Vanillic acid, (PubChem CID: 8468)
- β-sitosterol, (PubChem CID: 222284)
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hui
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China.
| | - Su Wen
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Wang Lihong
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Wang Chuang
- Shaanxi Province Engineering Laboratory of High Performance Concrete, Shaanxi Railway Institute, Weinan 714000, PR China
| | - Wang Chaoyun
- College of Special Education, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China
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Georgieva Y, Katsarova M, Stoyanov P, Mladenov R, Denev P, Teneva D, Plotnikov E, Bozov P, Dimitrova S. Metabolite Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Some Species of Genus Scutellaria Growing in Bulgaria. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E45. [PMID: 33379264 PMCID: PMC7824222 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Until now, the interest to plants from genus Scutellaria in Bulgaria has been focused mainly on the terpenes in them. The purpose of this study is to enrich the information on the composition of the Bulgarian Scutellaria species in terms of both polyphenolic content as well as primary metabolites such as mono-, oligosaccharides and organic acids. An aerial part of three Scutellaria species growing in four low mountain regions of Southern Bulgaria was used. The flavonoids scutellarin, baicalin, baicalein, wogonin, wogonoside, luteolin, chrysin and a caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycoside-verbascoside have been identified via HPLC in different extracts from Scutellaria altissima, Scutellaria albida and Scutellaria galericulata. The antioxidant activity of the extracts has been evaluated. The Scutellaria altissima from Mezek and Scutellaria galericulata from Parvenets we studied, which are the richest in flavonoids (represented mainly by baicalin, scutellarin and wogonoside), show the highest Oxygen Radical Absorption Capacity. Hydroxyl Radical Averting Capacity of Scutellaria albida from Mezek and Scutellaria altissima from Bachkovo is the most pronounced, probably due to the content of scutellarin and luteolin and chrysin, respectively. Antioxidant activity of aqueous, methanolic and 70% and 96% ethanol extracts were also determined by the electrochemical method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoana Georgieva
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Mariana Katsarova
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (M.K.); (P.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Plamen Stoyanov
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (M.K.); (P.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Rumen Mladenov
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (M.K.); (P.S.); (R.M.)
| | - Petko Denev
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry—BAS, 139 Ruski, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (P.D.); (D.T.)
| | - Desislava Teneva
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry—BAS, 139 Ruski, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (P.D.); (D.T.)
| | - Evgeniy Plotnikov
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Polytechnic University, 30 Lenin, 634050 Tomsk, Russia;
| | - Petko Bozov
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Plovdiv Paisii Hilendarski, 24 Tzar Asen, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Stela Dimitrova
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria; (M.K.); (P.S.); (R.M.)
- Research Institute, Medical University of Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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