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Shi W, Han W, Liao Y, Wen J, Zhang G. Inhibition mechanism of fisetin on acetylcholinesterase and its synergistic effect with galantamine. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 305:123452. [PMID: 37769468 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The search for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors produced by natural sources is of great significance for the prevention and therapy of Alzheimer's disease and has been widely concerned. In this study, fisetin, a flavonoid compound of plant origin, displayed a mixed inhibition mode on AChE (IC50 = 8.88 ± 0.14 μM). Fluorescence spectra analysis revealed that fisetin statically quenched AChE fluorescence, and the ground state complex was formed by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. Circular dichroism assays showed that fisetin induced AChE structure loosened with a decrease in α-helix structure (from 20.6 % to 19.5 %). Computer simulation exhibited that fisetin bound to both the peripheral anionic site (PAS) and the catalytic active site (CAS) and increased the stability of the AChE. Interestingly, the combination of fisetin and galantamine enhanced the binding affinity between AChE and galantamine and induced AChE structure further loosened, while the inhibition mode was still the mixed type. The heatmap analysis indicated that galantamine (0.2 μM) combined with fisetin (2.25 μM) had a significant synergy on AChE inhibition, probably because fisetin binding at the PAS-AChE induced conformation changes of the gorge and CAS, which enhanced galantamine binding affinity with CAS, and a further loose structure of AChE was induced by the mixture, so finally the interaction between the substrate and AChE was strongly affected. This work may offer a theoretical reference for the functional research of fisetin as a potential AChE inhibitor and an enhanced supplement for galantamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Wenxin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yijing Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jiaqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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Lam TP, Tran NVN, Pham LHD, Lai NVT, Dang BTN, Truong NLN, Nguyen-Vo SK, Hoang TL, Mai TT, Tran TD. Flavonoids as dual-target inhibitors against α-glucosidase and α-amylase: a systematic review of in vitro studies. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2024; 14:4. [PMID: 38185713 PMCID: PMC10772047 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00424-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus remains a major global health issue, and great attention is directed at natural therapeutics. This systematic review aimed to assess the potential of flavonoids as antidiabetic agents by investigating their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase, two key enzymes involved in starch digestion. Six scientific databases (PubMed, Virtual Health Library, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and WHO Global Index Medicus) were searched until August 21, 2022, for in vitro studies reporting IC50 values of purified flavonoids on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, along with corresponding data for acarbose as a positive control. A total of 339 eligible articles were analyzed, resulting in the retrieval of 1643 flavonoid structures. These structures were rigorously standardized and curated, yielding 974 unique compounds, among which 177 flavonoids exhibited inhibition of both α-glucosidase and α-amylase are presented. Quality assessment utilizing a modified CONSORT checklist and structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis were performed, revealing crucial features for the simultaneous inhibition of flavonoids against both enzymes. Moreover, the review also addressed several limitations in the current research landscape and proposed potential solutions. The curated datasets are available online at https://github.com/MedChemUMP/FDIGA .
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Affiliation(s)
- Thua-Phong Lam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ngoc-Vi Nguyen Tran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 75105, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Long-Hung Dinh Pham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Nghia Vo-Trong Lai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Bao-Tran Ngoc Dang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Lam Nguyen Truong
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Song-Ky Nguyen-Vo
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thuy-Linh Hoang
- California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, California, 95757, USA
| | - Tan Thanh Mai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Thanh-Dao Tran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Gervasi T, Calderaro A, Barreca D, Tellone E, Trombetta D, Ficarra S, Smeriglio A, Mandalari G, Gattuso G. Biotechnological Applications and Health-Promoting Properties of Flavonols: An Updated View. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1710. [PMID: 35163632 PMCID: PMC8835978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonols are a subclass of natural flavonoids characterized by a remarkable number of biotechnological applications and health-promoting properties. They attract researchers' attention due to many epidemiological studies supporting their usage. They are phytochemicals commonly present in our diet, being ubiquitous in the plant kingdom and, in particular, relatively very abundant in fruits and vegetables. All these aspects make flavonols candidates of choice for the valorization of products, based on the presence of a remarkable number of different chemical structures, each one characterized by specific chemical features capable of influencing biological targets inside the living organisms in very different manners. In this review, we analyzed the biochemical and physiological characteristics of flavonols focalizing our attention on the most promising compounds to shed some light on their increasing utilization in biotechnological applications in processing industries, as well as their suitable employment to improve the overall wellness of the humankind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Antonella Calderaro
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.); (D.T.); (S.F.); (A.S.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Davide Barreca
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.); (D.T.); (S.F.); (A.S.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Ester Tellone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.); (D.T.); (S.F.); (A.S.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.); (D.T.); (S.F.); (A.S.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Silvana Ficarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.); (D.T.); (S.F.); (A.S.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.); (D.T.); (S.F.); (A.S.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppina Mandalari
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.); (D.T.); (S.F.); (A.S.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Gattuso
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, V.le F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy; (A.C.); (E.T.); (D.T.); (S.F.); (A.S.); (G.M.); (G.G.)
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Barreca D, Trombetta D, Smeriglio A, Mandalari G, Romeo O, Felice MR, Gattuso G, Nabavi SM. Food flavonols: Nutraceuticals with complex health benefits and functionalities. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun He
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Junliang Sun
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
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