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Manzi G, Mariani MV, Filomena D, Recchioni T, Papa S, Scoccia G, Badagliacca R, Vizza CD. Comparative effectiveness of oral therapies targeting the prostacyclin pathway in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Vascul Pharmacol 2024; 154:107280. [PMID: 38309551 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2024.107280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral prostanoids are recommended in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and an unsatisfactory response to first-line therapy. OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of oral therapies targeting the prostacyclin pathway in PAH patients. METHODS An online search of Medline, Cochrane Registry, Scopus and EMBASE libraries (from inception to May, 12,020) was conducted. Eight randomized controlled studies were included in the meta-analysis involving 3023 patients, with 828 receiving oral treprostinil, 607 patients receiving selexipag, 125 patients receiving beraprost, and 1463 patients receiving placebo. RESULTS Compared to placebo, oral treprostinil (WMD 9.05, 95% CI 3.0280-15.0839, p = 0.0032) and beraprost (WMD 21.98, 95% CI 5.0536-38.9063, p = 0.0109) were associated with a significant increase in 6-min walking distance (6MWD) at follow-up from baseline, whereas selexipag use was associated with a non-significant increase in 6MWD (WMD 15.41, 95% CI -0.6074; 31.4232, p = 0.0593). Compared to placebo, the risk of clinical worsening was significantly lowered by selexipag (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.35-0.65, p < 0.001) and oral treprostinil (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.46-0.90, p 0.012), whereas a non-significant reduction of the outcome was related to beraprost use (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.36-1.38, p 0.31). No significant difference in 6MWD change and clinical worsening reduction were found among oral treprostinil and selexipag. Beraprost use less frequently caused adverse events as compared to selexipag and oral treprostinil. CONCLUSIONS No differences in 6MWD change, clinical worsening reduction and adverse events rates were found among oral treprostinil and selexipag, resulting in similar efficacy and safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Manzi
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Valerio Mariani
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Filomena
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Recchioni
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Papa
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Scoccia
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Badagliacca
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Carmine Dario Vizza
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Manzi G, Mariani MV, Filomena D, Papa S, Recchioni T, Scoccia G, Vizza CD, Badagliacca R. Comparative effectiveness of oral therapies targeting the prostacyclin pathway in pulmonary arterial hypertension: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2023:131691. [PMID: 38158135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral prostanoids are recommended in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and a unsatisfactory response to first-line therapy. OBJECTIVE To compare effectiveness of oral therapies targeting the prostacyclin pathway in PAH patients. METHODS An online search of Medline, Cochrane Registry, Scopus and EMBASE libraries (from inception to May, 12020) was performed. Eight randomized controlled studies were included in the meta-analysis involving 3023 patients, of whom 828 receiving oral treprostinil, 607 patients receiving selexipag, 125 patients receiving beraprost, and 1463 patients received placebo. RESULTS As compared to placebo, oral treprostinil (WMD 9.05, 95% CI 3.0280-15.0839, p = 0.0032) and beraprost (WMD 21.98, 95% CI 5.0536-38.9063, p = 0.0109) arms significantly increased 6 min walking distance (6MWD) at follow-up from baseline, whereas selexipag use was associated with a non-significant increase in 6MWD (WMD 15.41, 95% CI -0.6074; 31.4232, p = 0.0593). Compared to placebo, the risk of clinical worsening was significantly lowered by selexipag (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.35-0.65, p < 0.001) and oral treprostinil (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.46-0.90, p 0.012), whereas a non-significant reduction of the outcome was related to beraprost use (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.36-1.38, p 0.31). No significant difference in 6MWD change and clinical worsening reduction were found among oral treprostinil and selexipag. Beraprost use less frequently caused adverse events as compared to selexipag and oral treprostinil. CONCLUSIONS No differences in 6MWD change, clinical worsening reduction and adverse events rates were found among oral treprostinil and selexipag, resulting in similar efficacy and safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Manzi
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Valerio Mariani
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Filomena
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Papa
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Recchioni
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Scoccia
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Dario Vizza
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Badagliacca
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Miller CE, Franco V, Smith JS, Balasubramanian V, Kingrey J, Zolty R, Melendres-Groves L, Huston J, Elwing JM, Ravichandran A, Cella D, Shen E, Seaman S, Thrasher CM, Broderick M, Oudiz RJ. Parenteral treprostinil induction for rapid attainment of therapeutic doses of oral treprostinil. Respir Med 2023; 218:107374. [PMID: 37532157 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Oral treprostinil slows disease progression and improves exercise capacity in pulmonary arterial hypertension; however, titration can be prolonged. Published data suggests prostacyclin-naïve patients achieve total daily oral treprostinil doses of about 6 mg by Week 16, while those on prior parenteral treprostinil reach higher doses at the same timepoint. OBJECTIVES EXPEDITE (NCT03497689), a single-arm, multicenter study, assessed the efficacy of rapid parenteral treprostinil induction to quickly reach higher doses of oral treprostinil for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. METHODS Parenteral treprostinil was titrated for 2-8 weeks, followed by cross-titration of oral treprostinil. The primary endpoint was percentage of patients reaching ≥12 mg daily of oral treprostinil at Week 16. Secondary endpoints included clinical changes from baseline to Week 16. RESULTS Twenty-nine prostacyclin-naïve patients were included in efficacy analyses. At Week 16, the mean daily oral treprostinil dose was 16.4 mg; 79% of patients met the primary endpoint. From baseline to Week 16, median REVEAL Lite 2 score improved (decreased) from 6 to 3.5 (p = 0.0006). Statistically significant improvements were also seen in World Health Organization Functional Class, N-terminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide levels, 6-minute walk distance, right atrial area, Borg Dyspnea Score, and emPHasis-10 score. Favorable trends were seen in risk stratification, echocardiography parameters, disease symptoms, and treatment satisfaction. CONCLUSION Short-course parenteral treprostinil induction resulted in oral treprostinil doses over twice those reported in de novo initiations and may be a useful approach to quickly achieve the therapeutic benefits of oral treprostinil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - John Kingrey
- Integris Baptist NZTI, Oklahoma City, OK, 73112, USA
| | - Ronald Zolty
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Dana Cella
- United Therapeutics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Eric Shen
- United Therapeutics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Scott Seaman
- United Therapeutics Corporation, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Ronald J Oudiz
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
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Kingrey JF, Miller CE, Franco V, Smith JS, Zolty R, Oudiz RJ, Elwing JM, Huston JH, Melendres‐Groves L, Ravichandran A, Balasubramanian V, Wu B, Hwang S, Seaman S, Broderick M, Rahaghi FF. Implementing the EXPEDITE parenteral induction protocol: Rapid parenteral treprostinil titration and transition to oral treprostinil. Pulm Circ 2023; 13:e12255. [PMID: 37497167 PMCID: PMC10368085 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Treprostinil is a prostacyclin analogue that targets multiple cellular receptors to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In certain scenarios, patients may require aggressive treprostinil titration. Several studies have demonstrated that higher doses of treprostinil lead to greater clinical benefit. Data supports successful transitions from parenteral to oral treprostinil; however, administration routes, transition duration, and transition setting vary in the real-world. The EXPEDITE clinical trial (NCT03497689) prospectively studied whether rapid parenteral treprostinil induction can be used to achieve high doses of oral treprostinil (total daily dose: ≥12 mg) in prostacyclin naïve PAH patients. Parenteral prostacyclin induction may be more appropriate for patients who need to reach therapeutic dosing more urgently than longer titration durations reported with conventional de novo oral treprostinil initiation. This summary provides strategies utilized in EXPEDITE. Parenteral treprostinil was initiated at 2 ng/kg/min intravenously or subcutaneously; clinicians determined the frequency and dose increment of up-titration. Two distinct transition schedules from parenteral to oral treprostinil were employed: rapid cross-titration in an inpatient setting (median: 2 days) or gradual cross-titration in an outpatient setting (median: 5 days). Patient status was closely monitored after transition; oral treprostinil dose was titrated to clinical effect and tolerability. Factors considered when individualizing dosing strategies included parenteral and oral treprostinil target doses, nursing support, patient education, medication counseling and adverse events management. EXPEDITE demonstrated the time to a therapeutic dose of oral treprostinil is significantly shorter when utilizing a short-term parenteral induction strategy and may be suitable for patients requiring aggressive titration of oral treprostinil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Veronica Franco
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jimmy S. Smith
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Ronald Zolty
- University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Ronald J. Oudiz
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor‐UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jean M. Elwing
- University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOhioUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Benjamin Wu
- United Therapeutics CorporationResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Stephanie Hwang
- United Therapeutics CorporationResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Scott Seaman
- United Therapeutics CorporationResearch Triangle ParkNorth CarolinaUSA
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Chung MP, Valenzuela A, Li S, Catanese B, Stevens K, Fiorentino D, Strand V, Chung L. A Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Treprostinil in the Treatment of Calcinosis in Systemic Sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:2441-2449. [PMID: 34718447 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the safety and efficacy of oral treprostinil in preventing progression of SSc-associated calcinosis. METHODS This prospective open-label study enrolled 12 SSc patients meeting 2013 ACR/EULAR classification criteria with confirmed clinical and radiographic evidence of ≥ 1 calcinosis deposit in the hands. Patients received oral treprostinil for 1 year. Primary endpoints were safety/tolerability and percentage of patients without radiographic progression of calcinosis at 1 year (<25% increase in Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium radiographic score). Secondary endpoints included 1-year changes in Scleroderma HAQ (SHAQ), Cochin Hand Functional Scale, Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form 36 (SF-36), Raynaud Condition Score, and patient/physician assessment of calcinosis severity. RESULTS Twelve female patients were enrolled, half with diffuse cutaneous disease; median age was 55 (range 35-68) years. Five patients completed the study. Seven patients withdrew due to intolerable adverse effects (n = 3), intercurrent unrelated illness (n = 2, cirrhosis, cancer), progressive SSc (n = 1), and personal reasons (n = 1). Most patients developed headaches and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Four of 11 (36%) patients with 1-year follow-up hand radiographs experienced progression of calcinosis. Of 5 who completed treatment, calcinosis was stable in 4 (80%) with progression in 1. Based on SF-36 Physical (PCS) and Mental (MCS) Component and Domain scores, transition question, and SF-6D utility score, all patients who finished the trial reported overall improvement or no change compared with baseline. CONCLUSION Oral treprostinil was poorly tolerated in SSc patients with calcinosis. Of 5 patients who completed treatment, most (80%) had documented stability of calcinosis on hand radiographs at 1 year. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER NCT02663895.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody P Chung
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonia Valenzuela
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Shufeng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Catanese
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kate Stevens
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David Fiorentino
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vibeke Strand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lorinda Chung
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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