1
|
Murugesan P, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Chenggong Zong N, Youn JY, Chen W, Wang C, Loscalzo J, Cai H. Reversal of Pulmonary Hypertension in a Human-Like Model: Therapeutic Targeting of Endothelial DHFR. Circ Res 2024; 134:351-370. [PMID: 38299369 PMCID: PMC10880947 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature and elevated mean pulmonary arterial pressure, resulting in right heart failure. METHODS Here, we show that direct targeting of the endothelium to uncouple eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) with DAHP (2,4-diamino 6-hydroxypyrimidine; an inhibitor of GTP cyclohydrolase 1, the rate-limiting synthetic enzyme for the critical eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin) induces human-like, time-dependent progression of PH phenotypes in mice. RESULTS Critical phenotypic features include progressive elevation in mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular systolic blood pressure, and right ventricle (RV)/left ventricle plus septum (LV+S) weight ratio; extensive vascular remodeling of pulmonary arterioles with increased medial thickness/perivascular collagen deposition and increased expression of PCNA (proliferative cell nuclear antigen) and alpha-actin; markedly increased total and mitochondrial superoxide production, substantially reduced tetrahydrobiopterin and nitric oxide bioavailabilities; and formation of an array of human-like vascular lesions. Intriguingly, novel in-house generated endothelial-specific dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) transgenic mice (tg-EC-DHFR) were completely protected from the pathophysiological and molecular features of PH upon DAHP treatment or hypoxia exposure. Furthermore, DHFR overexpression with a pCMV-DHFR plasmid transfection in mice after initiation of DAHP treatment completely reversed PH phenotypes. DHFR knockout mice spontaneously developed PH at baseline and had no additional deterioration in response to hypoxia, indicating an intrinsic role of DHFR deficiency in causing PH. RNA-sequencing experiments indicated great similarity in gene regulation profiles between the DAHP model and human patients with PH. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results establish a novel human-like murine model of PH that has long been lacking in the field, which can be broadly used for future mechanistic and translational studies. These data also indicate that targeting endothelial DHFR deficiency represents a novel and robust therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Murugesan
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (P.M., Y.Z., Y.H., N.C.Z., J.Y.Y., H.C.)
| | - Yixuan Zhang
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (P.M., Y.Z., Y.H., N.C.Z., J.Y.Y., H.C.)
| | - Yuanli Huang
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (P.M., Y.Z., Y.H., N.C.Z., J.Y.Y., H.C.)
| | - Nobel Chenggong Zong
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (P.M., Y.Z., Y.H., N.C.Z., J.Y.Y., H.C.)
| | - Ji Youn Youn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (P.M., Y.Z., Y.H., N.C.Z., J.Y.Y., H.C.)
| | - Wenhui Chen
- Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing (W.C., C.W.)
| | - Chen Wang
- Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing (W.C., C.W.)
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (J.L.)
| | - Hua Cai
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (P.M., Y.Z., Y.H., N.C.Z., J.Y.Y., H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao G, Chen A, Gong J, Lin W, Wu W, Mohammad Ismail Hajary S, Lian G, Luo L, Xie L. Comprehensive analyses of m6A RNA methylation patterns and related immune microenvironment in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Genet 2023; 14:1222368. [PMID: 37732317 PMCID: PMC10507408 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1222368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a life-threatening disease with a poor prognosis and high heritability, characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and pulmonary artery pressure. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification influences many RNA metabolism pathways. However, the position of m6A methylation regulators in IPAH remains unknown. Therefore, the study aims to disclose the function m6A regulators exert in the pathological mechanisms of IPAH and the immune microenvironment involved. The GSE117261 dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal and IPAH samples. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs were then conducted by Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). We also identified the differentially-expressed m6A (DEm6A) regulators between normal and IPAH samples. Key m6A regulators related to the prediction of IPAH were selected using the random forest model. The results showed that FMR1, RBM15, HNRNPA2B1 and IGFBP3 were upregulated in IPAH. In contrast, LRPPRC was downregulated. The single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method was then adopted to estimate the immune microenvironment in distinct m6A clusters and m6A phenotype-related genes (PRGs) clusters, respectively. Furthermore, we calculated the m6A score via principal component analysis (PCA), and the Sankey diagram was selected to present the correlation among the m6A clusters, m6A PRGs clusters and m6A score. Finally, quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to validate the key genes in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) treated by human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). The relative mRNA and protein expression levels of FMR1 were significantly elevated, however, the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of LRPPRC were downregulated. Besides, the relative mRNA level of HNRNPA2B1 was increased. Generally, this bioinformatics analysis might provoke more insights into diagnosing and treating IPAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gufeng Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ai Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jin Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weijun Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weibin Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sagor Mohammad Ismail Hajary
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guili Lian
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangdi Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lisk C, Cendali F, Setua S, Thangaraju K, Pak DI, Swindle D, Dzieciatkowska M, Gamboni F, Hassell K, Nuss R, George G, Davizon-Castillo P, Buehler PW, D'Alessandro A, Irwin DC. Metabolic and Proteomic Divergence Is Present in Circulating Monocytes and Tissue-Resident Macrophages from Berkeley Sickle Cell Anemia and β-Thalassemia Mice. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:2925-2935. [PMID: 37606205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia represent hemoglobinopathies arising from dysfunctional or underproduced β-globin chains, respectively. In both diseases, red blood cell injury and anemia are the impetus for end organ injury. Because persistent erythrophagocytosis is a hallmark of these genetic maladies, it is critical to understand how macrophage phenotype polarizations in tissue compartments can inform on disease progression. Murine models of sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia allow for a basic understanding of the mechanisms and provide for translation to human disease. A multi-omics approach to understanding the macrophage metabolism and protein changes in two murine models of β-globinopathy was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as spleen and liver macrophages isolated from Berkley sickle cell disease (Berk-ss) and heterozygous B1/B2 globin gene deletion (Hbbth3/+) mice. The results from these experiments revealed that the metabolome and proteome of macrophages are polarized to a distinct phenotype in Berk-ss and Hbbth3/+ compared with each other and their common-background mice (C57BL6/J). Further, spleen and liver macrophages revealed distinct disease-specific phenotypes, suggesting that macrophages become differentially polarized and reprogrammed within tissue compartments. We conclude that tissue recruitment, polarization, and metabolic and proteomic reprogramming of macrophages in Berk-ss and Hbbth3/+ mice may be relevant to disease progression in other tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Lisk
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Francesca Cendali
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Graduate School, University of Colorado, Anschutz, Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Saini Setua
- The Center for Blood Oxygen Transport, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Kiruphararan Thangaraju
- The Center for Blood Oxygen Transport, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - David I Pak
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Delaney Swindle
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Graduate School, University of Colorado, Anschutz, Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Fabia Gamboni
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Graduate School, University of Colorado, Anschutz, Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Kathryn Hassell
- Division of Hematology Colorado Sickle Cell Treatment and Research Center, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado-Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Rachelle Nuss
- Division of Hematology Colorado Sickle Cell Treatment and Research Center, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado-Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Gemlyn George
- Division of Hematology Colorado Sickle Cell Treatment and Research Center, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado-Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Pavel Davizon-Castillo
- Department of Pediatrics, Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, University of Colorado, Anschutz, Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Paul W Buehler
- The Center for Blood Oxygen Transport, Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, Graduate School, University of Colorado, Anschutz, Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - David C Irwin
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lian G, You J, Lin W, Gao G, Xu C, Wang H, Luo L. Bioinformatics analysis of the immune cell infiltration characteristics and correlation with crucial diagnostic markers in pulmonary arterial hypertension. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:300. [PMID: 37582718 PMCID: PMC10428559 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02584-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a pathophysiological syndrome, characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling. Immunity and inflammation are progressively recognized properties of PAH, which are crucial for the initiation and maintenance of pulmonary vascular remodeling. This study explored immune cell infiltration characteristics and potential biomarkers of PAH using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Microarray data of GSE117261, GSE113439 and GSE53408 datasets were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in GSE117261 dataset. The proportions of infiltrated immune cells were evaluated by CIBERSORT algorithm. Feature genes of PAH were selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and validated by fivefold cross-validation, random forest and logistic regression. The GSE113439 and GSE53408 datasets were used as validation sets and logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to evaluate the prediction value of PAH. The PAH-associated module was identified by weighted gene association network analysis (WGCNA). The intersection of genes in the modules screened and DEGs was used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the core genes were selected. After the intersection of feature genes and core genes, the hub genes were identified. The correlation between hub genes and immune cell infiltration was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. The expression level of LTBP1 in the lungs of monocrotaline-induced PAH rats was determined by Western blotting. The localization of LTBP1 and CD4 in lungs of PAH was assayed by immunofluorescence. RESULTS A total of 419 DEGs were identified, including 223 upregulated genes and 196 downregulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that a significant enrichment in inflammation, immune response, and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathway. CIBERSORT analysis showed that ten significantly different types of immune cells were identified between PAH and control. Resting memory CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, γδ T cells, M1 macrophages, and resting mast cells in the lungs of PAH patients were significantly higher than control. Seventeen feature genes were identified by LASSO regression for PAH prediction. WGCNA identified 15 co-expression modules. PPI network was constructed and 100 core genes were obtained. Complement C3b/C4b receptor 1 (CR1), thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1), latent TGFβ binding protein 1 (LTBP1), and toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) were identified as hub genes and LTBP1 has the highest diagnostic efficacy for PAH (AUC = 0.968). Pearson correlation analysis showed that LTBP1 was positively correlated with resting memory CD4+ T cells, but negatively correlated with monocytes and neutrophils. Western blotting showed that the protein level of LTBP1 was increased in the lungs of monocrotaline-induced PAH rats. Immunofluorescence of lung tissues from rats with PAH showed increased expression of LTBP1 in pulmonary arteries as compared to control and LTBP1 was partly colocalized with CD4+ cells in the lungs. CONCLUSION LTBP1 was correlated with immune cell infiltration and identified as the critical diagnostic maker for PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guili Lian
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road 20, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxian You
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road 20, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijun Lin
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road 20, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Gufeng Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road 20, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Changsheng Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road 20, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Huajun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road 20, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Chazhong Road 20, Taijiang District, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350212, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Adua E. Decoding the mechanism of hypertension through multiomics profiling. J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:253-264. [PMID: 36329155 PMCID: PMC10063442 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00769-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension, characterised by a constant high blood pressure, is the primary risk factor for multiple cardiovascular events and a major cause of death in adults. Excitingly, innovations in high-throughput technologies have enabled the global exploration of the whole genome (genomics), revealing dysregulated genes that are linked to hypertension. Moreover, post-genomic biomarkers, from the emerging fields of transcriptomics, proteomics, glycomics and lipidomics, have provided new insights into the molecular underpinnings of hypertension. In this paper, we review the pathophysiology of hypertension, and highlight the multi-omics approaches for hypertension prediction and diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Adua
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine & Health, Rural Clinical Campus, University of New South Wales, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Identification of diagnostic biomarkers for idiopathic pulmonary hypertension with metabolic syndrome by bioinformatics and machine learning. Sci Rep 2023; 13:615. [PMID: 36635413 PMCID: PMC9837120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27435-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) is a condition that affects various tissues and organs and the metabolic and inflammatory systems. The most prevalent metabolic condition is metabolic syndrome (MS), which involves insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and obesity. There may be a connection between IPAH and MS, based on a plethora of studies, although the underlying pathogenesis remains unclear. Through various bioinformatics analyses and machine learning algorithms, we identified 11 immune- and metabolism-related potential diagnostic genes (EVI5L, RNASE2, PARP10, TMEM131, TNFRSF1B, BSDC1, ACOT2, SAC3D1, SLA2, P4HB, and PHF1) for the diagnosis of IPAH and MS, and we herein supply a nomogram for the diagnosis of IPAH in MS patients. Additionally, we discovered IPAH's aberrant immune cells and discuss them here.
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Q, Hujiaaihemaiti M, Wang J, Uddin MN, Li MY, Aierken A, Wu Y. Identifying key transcription factors and miRNAs coregulatory networks associated with immune infiltrations and drug interactions in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2023; 20:4153-4177. [PMID: 36899621 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The deregulated genetic factors are critically associated with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) development and progression. However, the identification of hub-transcription factors (TFs) and miRNA-hub-TFs co-regulatory network-mediated pathogenesis in IPAH remains lacking. METHODS We used GSE48149, GSE113439, GSE117261, GSE33463, and GSE67597 for identifying key genes and miRNAs in IPAH. We used a series of bioinformatics approaches, including R packages, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to identify the hub-TFs and miRNA-hub-TFs co-regulatory networks in IPAH. Also, we employed a molecular docking approach to evaluate the potential protein-drug interactions. RESULTS We found that 14 TFs encoding genes, including ZNF83, STAT1, NFE2L3, and SMARCA2 are upregulated, and 47 TFs encoding genes, including NCOR2, FOXA2, NFE2, and IRF5 are downregulated in IPAH relative to the control. Then, we identified the differentially expressed 22 hub-TFs encoding genes, including four upregulated (STAT1, OPTN, STAT4, and SMARCA2) and 18 downregulated (such as NCOR2, IRF5, IRF2, MAFB, MAFG, and MAF) TFs encoding genes in IPAH. The deregulated hub-TFs regulate the immune system, cellular transcriptional signaling, and cell cycle regulatory pathways. Moreover, the identified differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) are involved in the co-regulatory network with hub-TFs. The six hub-TFs encoding genes, including STAT1, MAF, CEBPB, MAFB, NCOR2, and MAFG are consistently differentially expressed in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of IPAH patients, and these hub-TFs showed significant diagnostic efficacy in distinguishing IPAH cases from the healthy individuals. Moreover, we revealed that the co-regulatory hub-TFs encoding genes are correlated with the infiltrations of various immune signatures, including CD4 regulatory T cells, immature B cells, macrophages, MDSCs, monocytes, Tfh cells, and Th1 cells. Finally, we discovered that the protein product of STAT1 and NCOR2 interacts with several drugs with appropriate binding affinity. CONCLUSIONS The identification of hub-TFs and miRNA-hub-TFs co-regulatory networks may provide a new avenue into the mechanism of IPAH development and pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of General Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Minawaer Hujiaaihemaiti
- Department of General Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Md Nazim Uddin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Ming-Yuan Li
- Department of General Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Alidan Aierken
- Department of General Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of General Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu W, Chen A, Lin S, Wang Q, Lian G, Luo L, Xie L. The identification and verification of hub genes associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:474. [PMID: 36514015 PMCID: PMC9746192 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, with complex etiology, difficult treatment and poor prognosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential biomarkers for PAH based on bioinformatics analysis. METHODS The GSE117261 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by screening PAH patients and controls. Then the DEGs were analyzed using a Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and the key modules were determined, and to further explore their potential biological functions via Gene Ontology analysis (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Pathway analysis (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Moreover, Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed to identify hub gene candidates in the key modules. Finally, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was supplied to detect the expressions of hub genes in human pulmonary arterial smooth cells treated with cobalt chloride (COCl2) which was used to mimic hypoxia. RESULTS There were 2299 DEGs identified. WGCNA indicated that yellow module was the key one correlated with PAH. GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that genes in the yellow module were mainly enriched in 'Pathways in cancer'. GSEA revealed that 'HALLMARK_MYC_TARGETS_V1' was remarkably enriched in PAH. Based on the PPI network, vascular endothelial growth factor A, proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (KIT), PNN interacting serine and arginine rich protein (PNISR) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 (HNRNPH1) were identified as the hub genes. Additionally, the PCR indicated that the elevated expressions of PNISR and HNRNPH1 were in line with the bioinformatics analysis. ROC analysis determined that PNISR and HNRNPH1 may be potential biomarkers to provide better diagnosis of PAH. CONCLUSION PNISR and HNRNPH1 were potential biomarkers to diagnosis PAH. In summary, the identified DEGs, modules, pathways, and hub genes provide clues and shed light on the potential molecular mechanisms of PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Wu
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005 Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai Chen
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005 Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siming Lin
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiuran Wang
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005 Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guili Lian
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005 Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Luo
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005 Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liangdi Xie
- grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou, 350005 Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease of Fujian Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412683.a0000 0004 1758 0400Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian People’s Republic of China ,grid.256112.30000 0004 1797 9307Department of Geriatrics, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang G, Tao X, Peng L. miR-155-5p regulates hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell function by targeting PYGL. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12985-12997. [PMID: 35611851 PMCID: PMC9275946 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2079304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a cardiovascular disease that has high incidence and causes massive deaths. miR-155-5p/PYGL pathway was revealed to play a crucial role in PAH by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The potential mechanism of miR-155-5p in regulating hypoxia-induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) function was analyzed through in vitro experiments. Hypoxia treatment stimulated the proliferation of PASMCs and increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). At the same time, revealed by qRT-PCR and western blot, the level of miR-155-5p was raised, and the level of PYGL was decreased in hypoxia-induced PASMCs. Through CCK-8 assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry, it was revealed that miR-155-5p inhibitor remarkably inhibited the cell proliferation and migration and decreased the proportion of hypoxia-stimulated PASMCs in S and G2/M phases. Dual-luciferase reporter system was subsequently applied to validate the straight regulation of miR-155-5p on PYGL based on the analysis of online database. Furthermore, siPYGL was revealed to reverse the influence of miR-155-5p inhibitor on hypoxia-induced PASMCs. These outcomes indicate that the increased level of miR-155-5p in hypoxia-stimulated PASMCs could enhance the cell proliferation, cell migration, and cell cycle progression by targeting PYGL directly. This study may supply novel treatment strategies for PAH.Abbreviations: PH, pulmonary hypertension; PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension; WGCNA, weighted gene co-expression network analysis; PASMCs, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; SMCs, smooth muscle cells; DEGs, differentially expressed genes; GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus; GO, Gene Ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; FBS, fetal bovine serum; OD, optical density; BCA, bicinchoninic acid; PVDF, polyvinylidene fluoride; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; BP, biological process; MF, molecular function; CC, cell component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuefang Tao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Linlin Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Biological heterogeneity in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension identified through unsupervised transcriptomic profiling of whole blood. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7104. [PMID: 34876579 PMCID: PMC8651638 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27326-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a rare but fatal disease diagnosed by right heart catheterisation and the exclusion of other forms of pulmonary arterial hypertension, producing a heterogeneous population with varied treatment response. Here we show unsupervised machine learning identification of three major patient subgroups that account for 92% of the cohort, each with unique whole blood transcriptomic and clinical feature signatures. These subgroups are associated with poor, moderate, and good prognosis. The poor prognosis subgroup is associated with upregulation of the ALAS2 and downregulation of several immunoglobulin genes, while the good prognosis subgroup is defined by upregulation of the bone morphogenetic protein signalling regulator NOG, and the C/C variant of HLA-DPA1/DPB1 (independently associated with survival). These findings independently validated provide evidence for the existence of 3 major subgroups (endophenotypes) within the IPAH classification, could improve risk stratification and provide molecular insights into the pathogenesis of IPAH.
Collapse
|