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Verpalen VA, Ververs FA, Slieker M, Nuboer R, Swart JF, van der Ent CK, Fejzic Z, Westenberg JJ, Leiner T, Grotenhuis HB, Schipper HS. Enhanced aortic stiffness in adolescents with chronic disease is associated with decreased left ventricular global longitudinal strain. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2024; 52:101385. [PMID: 38694268 PMCID: PMC11061239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2024.101385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Background The recent Cardiovascular Disease in Adolescents with Chronic Disease (CDACD) study showed enhanced aortic stiffness and wall thickness in adolescents with various chronic disorders. Enhanced aortic stiffness can increase left ventricular (LV) afterload and trigger a cascade of adverse arterioventricular interaction. Here, we investigate the relation between aortic changes and LV function in the CDACD study participants. Methods This cross-sectional study included 114 adolescents 12-18 years old with cystic fibrosis (CF, n = 24), corrected coarctation of the aorta (CoA, n = 25), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA, n = 20), obesity (n = 20), and healthy controls (n = 25). Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV), which reflects aortic stiffness, and aortic wall thickness (AWT) were assessed with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). Echocardiography was employed to study conventional markers of LV function, as well as LV global longitudinal strain (LVGLS), which is an established (pre)clinical marker of LV dysfunction. Results First, aortic PWV and AWT were increased in all chronic disease groups, compared to controls. Second, in adolescents with CoA, JIA, and obesity, echocardiography showed a decreased LVGLS, while LV dimensions and conventional LV function markers were similar to controls. Third, multivariable linear regression identified aortic PWV as the most important determinant of their decreased LVGLS (standardized β -0.522, p < 0.001). Conclusions The decreased LVGLS in several adolescent chronic disease groups was associated with enhanced aortic PWV, which might reflect adverse arterioventricular interaction. Whether the decreased LVGLS in the chronic disease groups could negatively impact their long-term cardiovascular outcomes requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor A. Verpalen
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, the Netherlands
| | - Francesca A. Ververs
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn Slieker
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roos Nuboer
- Department of Pediatrics, Meander Medical Center Amersfoort, the Netherlands
| | - Joost F. Swart
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis K. van der Ent
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zina Fejzic
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amalia Children’s Hospital Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Tim Leiner
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinics, United States of America
| | - Heynric B. Grotenhuis
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Henk S. Schipper
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Gonçalves ECDA, Nardo Júnior N, Ribas MCDS, Silva DAS. Which anthropometric equation to predict body fat percentage is more strongly associated with maximum oxygen uptake in adolescents? A cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2023; 141:e2022437. [PMID: 37194762 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0437.r1.07022023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the relationship between maximum consumption of oxygen and body fat percentage is important due to increased cardiovascular risk factors. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to verify the association between body fat percentage determined by three predictive equations using anthropometric measures (Lohman, Boileau, and Slaughter) and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). We also aimed to estimate the capacity of these equations for explaining VO2max variations in adolescents according to sex. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a cross-sectional study conducted in high schools in São José, Southern Brazil. METHODS This study included 879 adolescents (14-19 years) from Southern Brazil. Aerobic fitness was assessed using the modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test. The independent variable was body fat percentage predicted by the Lohman, Boileau, and Slaughter equations. Analyses adjusted for sociodemographic variables, physical activity level, and sexual maturation were performed with P value < 0.05. RESULTS All anthropometric prediction equations used to estimate body fat percentage explained VO2max variations in adolescents. In male adolescents, both regression models based on the Boileau et al.12 and Lohman10 equations revealed higher explanatory power for VO2max (20%) compared with that based on the Slaughter et al.13 equation (19%). In female adolescents, the model based on the anthropometric equation of Slaughter et al.13 showed the greatest explanatory power for VO2max (18%). CONCLUSION The inverse relationship between VO2max and body fat intensifies the need for effective intervention programs that prioritize maintenance of appropriate body fat and aerobic fitness levels because inadequate levels of both factors result in negative health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nelson Nardo Júnior
- PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá (PR), Brazil
| | - Michele Caroline de Souza Ribas
- PhD. Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFCA), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFCA), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil. Associate Researcher, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
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3
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Campana EMG, Magalhães MEC, Brandão AA. Weight Excess: The Great Villain in the Development of Hypertension in Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.36660/ijcs.20210249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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4
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Lankhorst K, Takken T, Zwinkels M, van Gaalen L, Velde ST, Backx F, Verschuren O, Wittink H, de Groot J. Sports Participation, Physical Activity, and Health-Related Fitness in Youth With Chronic Diseases or Physical Disabilities: The Health in Adapted Youth Sports Study. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:2327-2337. [PMID: 31210643 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lankhorst, K, Takken, T, Zwinkels, M, van Gaalen, L, Velde, St, Backx, F, Verschuren, O, Wittink, H, and de Groot, J. Sports participation, physical activity, and health-related fitness in youth with chronic diseases or physical disabilities: the health in adapted youth sports study. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2327-2337, 2021-Youth with chronic diseases or physical disabilities (CDPD) often show reduced fitness and physical activity (PA) levels and participate less in organized sports compared with healthy peers. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between participation in sports and health-related fitness and PA in youth with CDPD. A total of 163 subjects (mean age 14 years; range 8-19 years) with CDPD were included in this cross-sectional study, with 81 participating in organized sports and 82 not. Subjects were recruited between October 2014 and November 2016. Aerobic and anaerobic fitness, agility, and muscle strength were assessed in the laboratory, whereas PA was monitored in daily life using accelerometry during 1 week. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the associations of sports participation (independent variable) with health-related fitness and PA (dependent variables). Results show that youth with CDPD participating in organized sports 2 times a week performed better on all outcome measures. They reached a higher peak oxygen uptake (difference of 4.9 ml O2·kg-1·min-1, P = 0.001) compared with their peers not participating in sports. Also, anaerobic fitness, agility, muscle strength, and PA were all positively associated with sports participation. Moreover, the association between sports participation and aerobic fitness was mediated by PA for 31% (P = 0.045). In conclusion, participation in sports is associated with both higher levels of PA and health-related fitness in youth with CDPD. Promotion and stimulation of participation in sports seems a good way to promote health-related fitness as well as a healthy active lifestyle in youth with CDPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Lankhorst
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Takken
- Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maremka Zwinkels
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands ; and
| | - Leendert van Gaalen
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia Te Velde
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Backx
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science and Sports, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Center of Excellence in Rehabilitation Medicine, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, and De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, Utrecht, the Netherlands ; and
| | - Harriet Wittink
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Janke de Groot
- Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Institute for Healthcare Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Papaioannou TG, Oikonomou E, Lazaros G, Christoforatou E, Vogiatzi G, Tsalamandris S, Chasikidis C, Kalambogias A, Mystakidi VX, Galiatsatos N, Santouri M, Latsios G, Deftereos S, Tousoulis D. Aortic stiffening is associated with increased left ventricular mass in women but not in men. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2020; 27:2109-2112. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487319865054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George Lazaros
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mina Santouri
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Greece
| | - George Latsios
- First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Greece
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6
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Logan JG, Kang H, Kim S, Duprez D, Kwon Y, Jacobs DR, Forbang N, Lobo JM, Sohn MW. Association of obesity with arterial stiffness: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Vasc Med 2020; 25:309-318. [PMID: 32484395 DOI: 10.1177/1358863x20918940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness (AS) and obesity are recognized as important risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between AS and obesity. AS was defined as high augmentation index (AIx) and low elasticity (C1, large artery elasticity; C2, small artery elasticity) in participants enrolled in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis at baseline. We compared AIx, C1, and C2 by body mass index (BMI) (< 25, 25-29.9, 30-39.9, ⩾ 40 kg/m2) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) (< 0.85, 0.85-0.99, ⩾ 1). The obesity-AS association was tested across 10-year age intervals. Among 6177 participants (62 ± 10 years old, 52% female), a significant inverse relationship was observed between obesity and AS. After adjustments for CVD risk factors, participants with a BMI > 40 kg/m2 had 5.4% lower AIx (mean difference [Δ] = -0.82%; 95% CI: -1.10, -0.53), 15.4% higher C1 (Δ = 1.66 mL/mmHg ×10; 95% CI: 1.00, 2.33), and 40.2% higher C2 (Δ = 1.49 mL/mmHg ×100; 95% CI: 1.15, 1.83) compared to those with a BMI < 25 kg/m2 (all p for trend < 0.001). Participants with a WHR ⩾ 1 had 5.6% higher C1 (∆ = 0.92 mL/mmHg ×10; 95% CI: 0.47, 1.37) compared to those with a WHR < 0.85. The WHR had a significant interaction with age on AIx and C2, but not with BMI; the inverse relationships of the WHR with AIx and C2 were observed only in participants < 55 years between the normal (WHR < 0.85) and the overweight (0.85 ⩽ WHR < 0.99) groups. Different associations of WHR and BMI with arterial stiffness among older adults should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongok G Logan
- School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Hyojung Kang
- College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Soyoun Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Daniel Duprez
- Cardiovascular Division, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Younghoon Kwon
- UVA Heart and Vascular Center Fontaine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nketi Forbang
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, Division of Preventive Medicine, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Mason Lobo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Min-Woong Sohn
- Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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7
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Barbour-Tuck E, Boyes NG, Tomczak CR, Lahti DS, Baril CL, Pockett C, Runalls S, Kakadekar A, Pharis S, Bradley TJ, Wright KD, Erlandson MC. A cardiovascular disease risk factor in children with congenital heart disease: unmasking elevated waist circumference - a CHAMPS* study *CHAMPS: Children's Healthy-Heart Activity Monitoring Program in Saskatchewan. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:231. [PMID: 32429858 PMCID: PMC7236104 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) have an elevated risk of future cardiovascular disease but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Abdominal obesity (measured as waist circumference) is a risk factor for adult onset of cardiovascular diseases and is correlated with low physical activity levels, commonly found in children with congenital heart disease. Elevated waist circumference may be a mechanism by which cardiovascular disease risk is elevated in children with CHD. The purpose of this study was to compare waist circumference between children with and without CHD, while considering potential confounders. We hypothesized that children with CHD would have higher measures of waist circumference when controlling for differences in birthweight, lean mass, and physical activity. METHODS Thirty-two children with CHD (10.9 ± 2.6 years; 12 female) from the Children's Healthy-Heart Activity Monitoring Program in Saskatchewan, and 23 healthy controls (11.7 ± 2.5 years; 10 female) were studied. Waist circumference, physical activity (physical activity questionnaire), body composition (lean mass; dual x-ray absorptiometry), and birthweight were assessed. Analysis of covariance, Mann-Whitney U, and independent sample t-tests were used to assess group differences (p < 0.05). RESULTS Children with CHD had greater waist circumference than controls, controlling for lean mass, physical activity, birthweight, and sex (F (1, 49) = 4.488, p = 0.039). Physical activity, lean mass, and birthweight were not significantly different between groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings generate a novel hypothesis-higher waist circumferences in children with CHD compared to age-matched controls, may contribute to an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Barbour-Tuck
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Natasha G Boyes
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B2, Canada
| | - Corey R Tomczak
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B2, Canada
| | - Dana S Lahti
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B2, Canada
| | - Chantelle L Baril
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B2, Canada
| | - Charissa Pockett
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Shonah Runalls
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B2, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakadekar
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Scott Pharis
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Timothy J Bradley
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Kristi D Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of Regina, Regina, Canada
| | - Marta C Erlandson
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, 87 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 5B2, Canada.
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Abstract
This document reflects the key points of a consensus meeting of the Heart Failure Association of European Society of Cardiology (ESC) held to provide an overview the role of physiological monitoring in the complex multimorbid heart failure (HF) patient. This article reviews assessments of the functional ability of patients with HF. The gold standard measurement of cardiovascular functional capacity is peak oxygen consumption obtained from a cardiopulmonary exercise test. The 6-min walk test provides an indirect measure of cardiovascular functional capacity. Muscular functional capacity is assessed using either a 1−repetition maximum test of the upper and lower body or other methods, such as handgrip measurement. The short physical performance battery may provide a helpful, indirect indication of muscular functional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo F Piepoli
- Heart Failure Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Cantone del Cristo, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Spoletini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Centre for Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rosano
- Department of Medical Sciences, Centre for Clinical and Basic Research, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
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9
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Lankhorst K, de Groot J, Takken T, Backx F. Sports participation related to injuries and illnesses among ambulatory youth with chronic diseases: results of the health in adapted youth sports study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2020; 11:36. [PMID: 31890227 PMCID: PMC6915977 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-019-0145-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Although sports participation leads to important health enhancement for youth with chronic diseases or physical disabilities (CDPD), it may pose an increased risk for injury or illness. This study investigated the incidence, type, severity and risks to (sports-related) injuries and illnesses among ambulatory youth with CDPD. Methods Over a 12-month period, every 2 weeks, the characteristics of injuries and illnesses were registered by an online questionnaire and phone-based interview. Physical activity level was measured with the Activ8 during 1 week. Complete data was available of 103 youngsters with CDPD (61 boys, 42 girls), with a mean age of 14.4 (SD = 2.7) years. The personal characteristics, the injury and illness rates per 1000 h of PA were investigated per group of organized sports participation per week (0, 1 or ≥ 2 times p/wk). Results Almost half of the youngsters sustained one or more injuries (46%) or illnesses (42%) during 1 year. The injury rate per 1000 h of PA between 0, 1 and ≥ 2 times per week of sports participation was 0.84, 1.88, 133 respectively and the illness rate were 1.87, 1.88 and 1.18 respectively. Differences between the rates were not statically significant. Most reported health problems had no subsequent restriction (49%) or other minor consequences (21%) in school, physical education or sports participation. Most reported health problems were contusions (41%) at the lower extremity (74%) and flu plus fever (58%). Conclusions Participation in sports ≥2 times per week does not pose a significant increased risk in the incidence of injury or illness per 1000 h of PA in youth with CDPD compared to their peers who participate less frequent (once weekly) and compared to non-sports participants. Athletes who participate in sports at least twice weekly get injured mostly during their sporting activities, while peers who do participate in sports once a week or not at all, get injured during less intense physical activities during physical eduction lessons, ADL or non-organized sports and play in leisure time. The social impact of injuries or illnesses was limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristel Lankhorst
- 1Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 85083, 3508AB, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,2Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Janke de Groot
- 1Research Group Lifestyle and Health, Institute of Human Movement Studies, University of Applied Sciences, P.O. Box 85083, 3508AB, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,3Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,4Netherlands Institute for Healthcare Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Takken
- 3Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Backx
- 2Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Science & Sports, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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10
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Piepoli MF. Editor's Presentation Benefit of healthy lifestyle on cardiovascular risk factor control: Focus on body weight, exercise and sleep quality. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 26:1235-1238. [PMID: 31298111 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319861847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo F Piepoli
- 1 Heart Failure Unit, G. da Saliceto Hospital, AUSL Piacenza, Italy.,2 Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
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11
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Haapala EA. Prevention of cardiovascular diseases since early childhood - is keeping kids at normal weight the best investment? Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 26:1323-1325. [PMID: 31189344 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319845963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eero A Haapala
- 1 Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.,2 Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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12
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Associations of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Adiposity With Arterial Stiffness and Arterial Dilatation Capacity in Response to a Bout of Exercise in Children. Pediatr Exerc Sci 2019; 31:238-247. [PMID: 30626267 DOI: 10.1123/pes.2018-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the associations of directly measured peak oxygen uptake ( V˙O2peak ) and body fat percentage (BF%) with arterial stiffness and arterial dilatation capacity in children. Methods: Findings are based on 329 children (177 boys and 152 girls) aged 8-11 years. V˙O2peak was assessed by a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test on a cycle ergometer and scaled by lean body mass (LM). BF% and LM were measured by bioelectrical impedance. Stiffness index (measure of arterial stiffness) and change in reflection index (ΔRI, measure of arterial dilatation capacity) were assessed by pulse contour analysis. Data were analyzed by linear regression models. Results:V˙O2peak/LM was positively associated with ΔRI in boys adjusted for age and BF% (β = 0.169, P = .03). Further adjustments for systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and the study group had no effect on this association, but additional adjustment for clinical puberty attenuated it (β = 0.171, P = .07). BF% was inversely related to ΔRI in boys adjusted for age and V˙O2peak/LM (β = -0.171, P = .03). V˙O2peak or BF% was not associated with ΔRI in girls or with stiffness index in either boys or girls. Conclusion: Increasing cardiorespiratory fitness and decreasing adiposity may improve arterial health in childhood, especially among boys.
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Kim DK, Park WH. The Relationship Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Arterial Stiffness in Middle-Aged Men with Abdominal Obesity. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019; 17:97-101. [PMID: 30620236 DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal obesity increases rapidly after middle age in Korean men, and there is an associated trend toward increasing levels of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) on arterial stiffness in men with abdominal obesity. METHODS A total of 387 middle-aged men (ages 42-59 years) with abdominal obesity participated in this cross-sectional study. Abdominal obesity was defined as a waist circumference ≥90 cm. Arterial stiffness was derived from brachial/ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). A treadmill exercise test was conducted to directly assess CRF using the peak oxygen uptake. Blood glucose, blood pressure, lipids, C-related protein (CRP), and baPWV were measured at rest. RESULTS CRF was inversely associated with baPWV (r = -0.340, P = 0.014) and CRP level (r = -0.325, P = 0.026). In addition, high CRF was associated with a lower triglyceride level (r = -0.219, P = 0.030) and a higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (r = 0.317, P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that high CRF was inversely associated with arterial stiffness in men with abdominal obesity. These results suggest that maintaining a high level of CRF can help middle-aged men with abdominal obesity to improve blood factors related to CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Kyung Kim
- Department of Sports Medicine Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Hah Park
- Department of Sports Medicine Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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14
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Noortman LCM, Haapala EA, Takken T. Arterial Stiffness and Its Relationship to Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Children and Young Adults with a Fontan Circulation. Pediatr Cardiol 2019; 40:784-791. [PMID: 30770935 PMCID: PMC6451712 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-019-02065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
There are no previous studies on arterial stiffness and its associations with cardiorespiratory fitness in young Fontan patients. Therefore, we examined the arterial stiffness and its relationship to cardiorespiratory fitness in children and young adults with a Fontan circulation. Altogether, 17 Fontan patients and 26 healthy controls (16 females and 27 males aged 8-40 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. The cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a cycle ergometer and was defined as the standard deviation scores (SDS) of peak oxygen uptake per body mass (VO2peak/kg) based on the national reference values and assessed with cardiopulmonary exercise testing on a cycle ergometer. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) as a measure of arterial stiffness and aortic Augmentation Index (AIX) as a measure of peripheral arterial tone, were assessed by non-invasive oscillometric device from upper arm. Body adiposity was determined by body mass index SDS and the sport participation by interview. Data were analyzed using linear regression analyses and Pearson's correlations, adjusted for age and sex. Fontan patients had a lower VO2peak/kg-SDS (- 2.69 vs 0.078), higher PWVao-SDS (1.13 vs - 0.24) and higher AIX (19.26% vs 8.49%) in comparison with healthy controls. PWVao and AIX were negatively associated with VO2peak/kg (standard regression coefficient (β) - 0.525, 95% confidence interval (CI) - 0.722 to - 0.227, p < 0.01 and β - 0.371, 95% CI - 0.672 to - 0.080, p = 0.014). Young Fontan patients have the arterial stiffness of healthy people who are twice as old. Thereby, children and young adults with a Fontan circulation have a lower cardiorespiratory fitness and less sport participation. Arterial stiffness is inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise training might be an intervention to improve vascular health in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurien C. M. Noortman
- 0000000120346234grid.5477.1Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eero A. Haapala
- 0000 0001 1013 7965grid.9681.6Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland ,0000 0001 0726 2490grid.9668.1Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tim Takken
- Child Development and Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 85090, 3508 AB, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Partner of Shared Utrecht Pediatric Exercise Research (SUPER) Lab, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Krachler B, Stovitz SD. How body composition may confound effect estimates of cardiorespiratory fitness. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 26:196-198. [PMID: 30428266 DOI: 10.1177/2047487318812507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benno Krachler
- 1 Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Steven D Stovitz
- 2 Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
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Haapala EA, Laukkanen JA, Takken T, Kujala UM, Finni T. Peak oxygen uptake, ventilatory threshold, and arterial stiffness in adolescents. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 118:2367-2376. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-3963-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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17
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Piepoli MF. Editor’s presentation. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 25:1123-1125. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487318791077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo F Piepoli
- Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology, G da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy
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18
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Haapala EA, Veijalainen A, Kujala UM, Finni T. Reproducibility of pulse wave velocity and augmentation index derived from non-invasive occlusive oscillometric tonometry analysis in adolescents. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2018; 39:22-28. [PMID: 29862639 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term reproducibility of aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) and augmentation index (AIx%) assessed by the non-invasive oscillometric device. Altogether of 55 (19 boys, 36 girls) adolescents 16-19-years-of-age participated in the study. PWVao and AIx% were measured during the same laboratory visit at 2 min intervals using the Arteriograph™ device. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak ) was assessed by the maximal exercise test on a cycle ergometer and body fat percentage by bioelectrical impedance analysis. We studied reproducibility using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), coefficient variation with the root-means-square method expressed as percentages (CV%), and 95% limit of agreement (95% LA) and coefficient repeatability of the Bland-Altman plot. ICC for PWVao was 0·90, CV% 3·7 and the limits of agreement were -0·70 and 0·58 with a coefficient repeatability of 0·65. ICC for AIx% was 0·88, CV% 29·1%, and the limits of agreement were -6·8 and 7·1 with a coefficient repeatability of 6·9. No relevant differences in ICC, CV%, and coefficient repeatability for PWVao between adolescents with higher or lower V̇O2peak or body fat percentage were observed. For AIx%, ICC was lower, CV% higher and coefficient repeatability higher in adolescents with higher V̇O2peak or lower body fat percentage than in adolescents with lower V̇O2peak or higher body fat percentage. Short-term reproducibility of Arteriograph™-derived PWVao was relatively good and was not affected by V̇O2peak or adiposity. However, the reproducibility of AIx% was modest especially among adolescents with higher V̇O2peak and lower body fat percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eero A Haapala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aapo Veijalainen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Urho M Kujala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Taija Finni
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Bakhtiyari M, Schmidt N, Hadaegh F, Khalili D, Mansournia N, Asgari S, Mansournia MA. Direct and indirect effects of central and general adiposity on cardiovascular diseases: The Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 25:1170-1181. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487318780030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aim The mechanisms linking body mass index to cardiovascular disease are still not clearly defined. The purpose of this study was to find out how much of the effect of central and general adiposity on cardiovascular disease is mediated through blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose, and how much is independent of these factors. Methods and results The study population included participants, aged ≥30 years, free of cardiovascular disease at baseline with median follow-up of 13.9 years. The total effects were broken down into natural direct and indirect effects using the inverse odds weighting method in the context of survival models. Systolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose as the primary measure of blood glucose were used as mediators. Blood pressure and cholesterol with indirect hazard ratios of 1.09 (95% confidence interval: 1.006–1.18) and 1.35 (95% confidence interval: 1.12–1.62) were the most important mediators for overweight-cardiovascular disease and obesity-cardiovascular disease relationships, respectively. The proportion mediated of overweight was 22% (6–47%) for blood pressure, 18% (5–37%) for blood glucose, and 20% (7–43%) for cholesterol. The same measure for obesity was 65% (35–91%) for cholesterol. For central adiposity, blood pressure, glucose, and cholesterol were the most important mediators with proportion mediated of 36% (17–72%), 23% (9–48%), and 21% (8–45%), respectively. Conclusions The findings of this study show that proper control of cardiometabolic risk factors of blood pressure, blood glucose, and dyslipidemia in an adult population can be effective to significantly reduce the effects of general and abdominal adiposity on cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Bakhtiyari
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Nicole Schmidt
- Minnesota Population Center, University of Minnesota, USA
| | - Farzad Hadaegh
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Davood Khalili
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Nasrin Mansournia
- Department of Endocrinology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Samaneh Asgari
- Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mohammad A Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Königstein K, Infanger D, Klenk C, Hinrichs T, Rossmeissl A, Baumann S, Hafner B, Hanssen H, Schmidt-Trucksäss A. Does obesity attenuate the beneficial cardiovascular effects of cardiorespiratory fitness? Atherosclerosis 2018; 272:21-26. [PMID: 29544085 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower pulse wave velocity and arterial stiffness in normal weight individuals, and this has not been examined in obese individuals. It is unclear whether an altered body composition acts as a modifier of the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial stiffness. We examined the association between peak oxygen uptake and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and analysed whether body composition attenuates this association in obese middle-aged individuals. METHODS Bio-impedance analysis-derived body composition assessment in 212 healthy and sedentary either overweight or obese individuals was followed by measurement of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and spiroergometric peak oxygen uptake. Multivariate analysis was performed to analyse the association between peak oxygen uptake and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and to assess the moderating effect of several body composition-related interaction terms (BMI, total body mass, body fat mass, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio) on this association. RESULTS Peak oxygen uptake was inversely associated with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (β = -0.059, 95% CI = -0.099; -0.018, p = 0.005). Testing for the impact of different body composition-related interaction terms on this association showed no significance, 95% CI lateralized towards positivity. CONCLUSIONS This study shows an inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial stiffness in middle-aged obese individuals. We also found a tendency towards an attenuating impact of an obese body composition on this association. Physical fitness seems to be a stronger modulator of cardiovascular risk than body composition but the success of training efforts may be compromised by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Königstein
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Denis Infanger
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christopher Klenk
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Rossmeissl
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Baumann
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Hafner
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Fernberg U, Fernström M, Hurtig-Wennlöf A. Arterial stiffness is associated to cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index in young Swedish adults: The Lifestyle, Biomarkers, and Atherosclerosis study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2017; 24:1809-1818. [PMID: 28696134 DOI: 10.1177/2047487317720796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Early changes in the large muscular arteries are already associated with risk factors as hypertension and obesity in adolescence and young adulthood. The present study examines the association between arterial stiffness measurements, pulse wave velocity and augmentation index and lifestyle-related factors, body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness, in young, healthy, Swedish adults. Design This study used a population-based cross-sectional sample. Methods The 834 participants in the study were self-reported healthy, non-smoking, age 18-25 years. Augmentation index and pulse wave velocity were measured with applanation tonometry. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by ergometer bike test to estimate maximal oxygen uptake. Body mass index (kg/m2) was calculated and categorised according to classification by the World Health Organisation. Results Young Swedish adults with obesity and low cardiorespiratory fitness have significantly higher pulse wave velocity and augmentation index than non-obese young adults with medium or high cardiorespiratory fitness. The observed U-shaped association between pulse wave velocity and body mass index categories in women indicates that it might be more beneficial to be normal weight than underweight when assessing the arterial stiffness with pulse wave velocity. The highest mean pulse wave velocity was found in overweight/obese individuals with low cardiorespiratory fitness. The lowest mean pulse wave velocity was found in normal weight individuals with high cardiorespiratory fitness. Cardiorespiratory fitness had a stronger effect than body mass index on arterial stiffness in multiple regression analyses. Conclusions The inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness and arterial stiffness is observed already in young adults. The study result highlights the importance of high cardiorespiratory fitness, but also that underweight individuals may be a possible risk group that needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Fernberg
- 1 School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Maria Fernström
- 2 School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,3 Åstrand Laboratory of Work Physiology, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anita Hurtig-Wennlöf
- 2 School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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