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Mwelange LP, Mamuya SHD, Mwaiselage J, Bråtveit M, Moen BE. Esophageal and Head and Neck Cancer Patients Attending Ocean Road Cancer Institute in Tanzania from 2019 to 2021: An Observational Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3305. [PMID: 36833998 PMCID: PMC9962976 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer in Africa is an emerging public health problem that needs urgent preventive measures, particularly in workplaces where exposure to carcinogens may occur. In Tanzania, the incidence rate of cancer and mortality rates due to cancers are increasing, with approximately 50,000 new cases each year. This is estimated to double by 2030. METHODS Our hospital-based cross-sectional study describes the characteristics of newly diagnosed patients with head and neck or esophageal cancer from the Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI), Tanzania. We used an ORCI electronic system to extract secondary data for these patients. RESULTS According to the cancer registration, there were 611 head and neck and 975 esophageal cancers recorded in 2019-2021. Two-thirds of these cancer patients were male. About 25% of the cancer patients used tobacco and alcohol, and over 50% were involved in agriculture. CONCLUSION Descriptions of 1586 head and neck cancer patients and esophageal cancer patients enrolled in a cancer hospital in Tanzania are given. The information may be important for designing future studies of these cancers and may be of value in the development of cancer prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luco P. Mwelange
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania
| | - Simon H. D. Mamuya
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania
| | | | - Magne Bråtveit
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Bente E. Moen
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Santos M, Oliveira e Silva LF, Kohler HF, Curioni O, Vilela R, Fang M, Passos Lima CS, Gomes JP, Chaves A, Resende B, Trindade K, Collares M, Obs F, Brollo J, Cavalieri R, Ferreira E, Brust L, Rabello D, Domenge C, Kowalski LP. Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer: Results From a Prospective, Real-World Data Study With Brazilian Patients Treated With Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, Conformal and Conventional Radiation Techniques. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 109:485-494. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu V, Noel CW, Forner D, Mok F, Zirkle M, Eskander A, Lin V, Lee JM. Otolaryngology needs among an adult homeless population: a prospective study. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020; 49:47. [PMID: 32646479 PMCID: PMC7346481 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-020-00445-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Homeless individuals frequently experience poor access to healthcare, delayed clinical presentation, and higher disease burden. Providing subspecialty otolaryngology care to this population can be challenging. We previously reported on the prevalence of hearing impairment in Toronto's homeless community. As a secondary objective of this study, we sought to define otolaryngology specific need for this population. METHODS One hundred adult homeless individuals were recruited across ten homeless shelters in Toronto, Canada using a stratified random sampling technique. An audiometric evaluation and head and neck physical examination were performed by an audiologist and otolaryngology resident, respectively. Basic demographic and clinical information was captured through verbal administration of a survey. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate frequency of otolaryngology specific diseases for this population. RESULTS Of the 132 individuals who were initially approached to participant, 100 (76%) agreed. There were 64 males, with median age of 46 years (IQR 37-58 years). The median life duration of homelessness was 24 months (IQR 6-72 months). Participants had a wide range of medical comorbidities, with the most common being current tobacco smoking (67%), depression (36%), alcohol abuse (32%), and other substance abuse (32%). There were 22 patients with otolaryngology needs as demonstrated by one or more abnormal findings on head and neck examination. The most common finding was nasal fracture with significant nasal obstruction (6%). Eleven patients required referral to a staff otolaryngologist based on concerning or suspicious findings, including two head and neck masses, 6 were later seen in follow-up. CONCLUSION There were substantial otolaryngology needs amongst a homeless population within a universal healthcare system. Future research should focus on further elucidating head and neck related issues in this population and expanding the role of the otolaryngologist in providing care to homeless individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christopher W Noel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - David Forner
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Florence Mok
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Molly Zirkle
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Antoine Eskander
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vincent Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Canada.
| | - John M Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Canada. .,Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
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Nouman M, Haider G, Bukhari N, Yousuf A, Nouman R, Shaikh MR, Hussain S, Pavan B, Rahool R, Memon P, Zahoor S, Mehar K, Sami A. Response Rate of Cisplatin Plus Docetaxel as Primary Treatment in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Carcinoma (Squamous Cell Types). Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:825-830. [PMID: 32212813 PMCID: PMC7437326 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.3.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the response rate of Cisplatin plus Docetaxel in the treatment of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. MATERIALS AND METHODS It was a longitudinal study, conducted at the Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan from December 2018 to June 2019. One hundred patients of age 14-66 years of age of either gender with histologically proven Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck, Stage III and IV (locally advanced) with no distant metastases were included in the study. Patients who were declared unresectable by the otolaryngologist and those with delayed appointment for radiation were given 3 cycles of Induction Chemotherapy with Cisplatin and Docetaxel, both at a dose of 75mg/m2 3 weekly. After 3 cycles, CT scan was repeated to assess the clinical response. Those patients who had partial or complete response as per RECIST criteria were re-assessed by the otolaryngologist and were planned for surgery if disease became resectable while other patients were referred for Concurrent Chemo-Radiation Therapy (CCRT). SPSS version 23 was used to analyze data. RESULTS The partial response was achieved in majority of the patients after Induction Chemotherapy with Docetaxel and Cisplatin (62%) with a complete response in 12 %. However, 22% showed progression of the disease, and 4% showed stable disease. The most frequent side effects observed were diarrhea (62%) and neutropenia (57%). CONCLUSION Induction chemotherapy with Cisplatin and Docetaxel is a promising regimen with good response and favorable toxicity profile and can be considered as a potentially effective outpatient regimen for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryum Nouman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Haider
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Neelma Bukhari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aveen Yousuf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rabeea Nouman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Roshan Shaikh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Hussain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Bhunisha Pavan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Raja Rahool
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Paras Memon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Zahoor
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khalil Mehar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdus Sami
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi, Pakistan
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