A case of bleomycin-induced flagellate dermatitis: A case report

Natural compounds-based nanomedicines for cancer treatment: Future directions and challenges

Several efforts have been extensively accomplished for the amelioration of the cancer treatments using different types of new drugs and less invasives therapies in comparison with the traditional therapeutic modalities, which are widely associated with numerous drawbacks, such as drug resistance, non-selectivity and high costs, restraining their clinical response. The application of natural compounds for the prevention and treatment of different cancer cells has attracted significant attention from the pharmaceuticals and scientific communities over the past decades. Although the use of nanotechnology in cancer therapy is still in the preliminary stages, the application of nanotherapeutics has demonstrated to decrease the various limitations related to the use of natural compounds, such as physical/chemical instability, poor aqueous solubility, and low bioavailability. Despite the nanotechnology has emerged as a promise to improve the bioavailability of the natural compounds, there are still limited clinical trials performed for their application with various challenges required for the pre-clinical and clinical trials, such as production at an industrial level, assurance of nanotherapeutics long-term stability, physiological barriers and safety and regulatory issues. This review highlights the most recent advances in the nanocarriers for natural compounds secreted from plants, bacteria, fungi, and marine organisms, as well as their role on cell signaling pathways for anticancer treatments. Additionally, the clinical status and the main challenges regarding the natural compounds loaded in nanocarriers for clinical applications were also discussed.

Recognizing Flagellate Erythema in Skin of Color: A Case of Shiitake Dermatitis

Flagellate erythema, also known as flagellate dermatitis, flagellate hyperpigmentation, or shiitake dermatitis, is a rare multifocal cutaneous eruption characterized by linear erythematous lesions similar to flagellation wounds. This case report details the progressive onset of flagellate erythema in a 31-year-old African American male presenting with pruritic, erythematous, hyperpigmented, linear lesions of the face, trunk, and upper extremities following his consumption of shiitake mushrooms. Classically, this eruption arises subsequent to the ingestion of raw or undercooked shiitake mushrooms. This case underscores the importance of clinical diagnosis, as the role of biopsy as a diagnostic tool is limited due to the nonspecific nature of histological findings. Therefore, proper diagnosis is reliant upon careful history taking, including dietary changes, initiation of any new medications, and progression of symptoms. Most cases are self-limiting, with eruptions persisting for up to three weeks. Treatment aims to provide symptomatic relief through topical corticosteroids and oral antihistamines, reducing associated pruritus and skin changes.

Flagellate dermatitis in a patient with testicular germ cell neoplasia on bleomycin

Bleomycin, an antineoplastic antibiotic that inhibits DNA synthesis, is used to treat various malignant tumors such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and germ cell tumors. Flagellate erythema is a rare rash with a linear pattern that has been observed in association with bleomycin treatment. Herein, we present a 43-year-old patient with metastatic testicular cell neoplasms who developed a whiplash rash during treatment with a chemotherapy regimen that included bleomycin. A typical case of bleomycin-related flagellate dermatitis has been diagnosed and the main features of this characteristic adverse drug event are briefly discussed.

Flagellate dermatitis in bleomycin chemotherapy: a causality?

Flagellate dermatitis is a relatively rare reaction to toxicity. It appears as skin lesions with erythematous patches or papules of linear, multiple, flagellate structures. Flagellate dermatitis can be triggered by several causes, which are most commonly associated with bleomycin. This paper reports two cases of flagellate dermatitis, one in a patient with germ cell carcinoma and another in a patient with osteosarcoma who were both diagnosed with flagellate dermatitis after the administration of bleomycin.