Ghazy E, Taghi HS. The Autophagy-Inducing Mechanisms of Vitexin, Cinobufacini, and Physalis alkekengi Hydroalcoholic Extract against Breast Cancer in vitro and in vivo.
J Gastrointest Cancer 2021;
53:592-596. [PMID:
34287803 DOI:
10.1007/s12029-021-00668-0]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Owing to inefficiency of chemotherapy towards cancer treatment, formulation and application of herbal drug compounds will open new avenues with this regard. In this study, the anticancer effects of itexin, cinobufacini, and Physalis alkekengi (P. alkekengi) were assessed.
METHODS
Herein, synergistic effects of vitexin, cinobufacini, and P. alkekengi hydroalcoholic extract were assessed against estrogen-receptor (EGFR2)-positive breast cancer mouse model. Sixty ER + breast cancer BALB/c mice (six groups each including ten members) were included. The anticancer effects of P. alkekengi hydroalcoholic extract, vitexin, and cinobufacini were administered against EGFR2 cancerous cells for 14 days. The tumor size, cytotoxic effects, and expression of Beclin-1, LC3-II, and ATG5 autophagy-related genes were investigated using RT-qPCR technique. The data was analyzed using chi-square, ANOVA, and multinomial logistic regression tests.
KEY FINDINGS
The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of P. alkekengi and vitexin against the breast cancer cells included 12 mg/kg, respectively, while cinobufacini LD50 was 24 mg/kg but had no toxicity against CRL7242 breast normal cells. Furthermore, 24 mg/kg of the P. alkekengi, vitexin, and cinobufacini significantly increased the ATG5, Beclin-1, and LC3-II gene expression.
CONCLUSION
Considering anticancer effects of P. alkekengi, vitexin, and cinobufacini against breast cancer through induction of the autophagy pathway, the compound formulations can be applied as anticancer therapies.
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