Horton WB, Taylor JS, Ragland TJ, Subauste AR. Diabetic muscle infarction: a systematic review.
BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2015;
3:e000082. [PMID:
25932331 PMCID:
PMC4410119 DOI:
10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000082]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT
Diabetic muscle infarction (DMI) is a rare complication associated with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Less than 200 cases have been reported in the literature since it was first described over 45 years ago. There is no clear 'standard of care' for managing these patients.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
PubMed searches were conducted for 'diabetic muscle infarction' and 'diabetic myonecrosis' from database inception through July 2014. All articles identified by these searches were reviewed in detail if the article text was available in English.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
The current literature exists as case reports or small case series, with no prospective or higher-order treatment studies available. Thus, an evidence-based approach to data synthesis was difficult. The available literature is presented objectively with an attempt to describe clinically relevant trends and findings in the diagnosis and management of DMI.
CONCLUSIONS
Early recognition of DMI is key, so appropriate treatment can be initiated. MRI is the radiological study of choice. A combination of bed rest, glycemic control, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy appears to yield the shortest time to symptom resolution and the lowest risk of recurrence.
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