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Crepin DM, Chavignon M, Verhoeven PO, Laurent F, Josse J, Butin M. Staphylococcus capitis: insights into epidemiology, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of a clinically relevant bacterial species. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024; 37:e0011823. [PMID: 38899876 PMCID: PMC11391707 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00118-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYStaphylococcus capitis is divided into two subspecies, S. capitis subsp. ureolyticus (renamed urealyticus in 1992; ATCC 49326) and S. capitis subsp. capitis (ATCC 27840), and fits with the archetype of clinically relevant coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS). S. capitis is a commensal bacterium of the skin in humans, which must be considered an opportunistic pathogen of interest particularly as soon as it is identified in a clinically relevant specimen from an immunocompromised patient. Several studies have highlighted the potential determinants underlying S. capitis pathogenicity, resistance profiles, and virulence factors. In addition, mobile genetic element acquisitions and mutations contribute to S. capitis genome adaptation to its environment. Over the past decades, antibiotic resistance has been identified for S. capitis in almost all the families of the currently available antibiotics and is related to the emergence of multidrug-resistant clones of high clinical significance. The present review summarizes the current knowledge concerning the taxonomic position of S. capitis among staphylococci, the involvement of this species in human colonization and diseases, the virulence factors supporting its pathogenicity, and the phenotypic and genomic antimicrobial resistance profiles of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah M Crepin
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marie Chavignon
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Paul O Verhoeven
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, GIMAP Team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Jean Monnet, St-Etienne, France
- Service des agents infectieux et d'hygiène, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de St-Etienne, St-Etienne, France
| | - Frédéric Laurent
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Josse
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marine Butin
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Staphylococcal pathogenesis team, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR 5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Service de Néonatologie et Réanimation Néonatale, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
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Brescini L, Fioriti S, Coccitto SN, Cinthi M, Mingoia M, Cirioni O, Giacometti A, Giovanetti E, Morroni G, Brenciani A. Genomic Analysis of a Linezolid-Resistant Staphylococcus capitis Causing Bacteremia: Report from a University Hospital in Central Italy. Microb Drug Resist 2023; 29:388-391. [PMID: 37222764 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2022.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although coagulase negative staphylococci are rarely associated with complicated diseases, in some cases they cause life-threatening infections. Here we described a clinical case of a bacteremia due to a methicillin- and linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus capitis in a patient previously treated with linezolid. Whole genome sequencing revealed the common mutation G2576T in all rDNA 23S alleles and several acquired resistance genes. Moreover, the isolate was epidemiologically distant from the NRCS-A clade, usually responsible for nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care units. Our findings further confirm the ability of minor staphylococci to acquire antibiotic resistances and challenge the treatment of these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Brescini
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Fioriti
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School, Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonia N Coccitto
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marzia Cinthi
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marina Mingoia
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School, Ancona, Italy
| | - Oscar Cirioni
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacometti
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School, Ancona, Italy
| | - Eleonora Giovanetti
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Morroni
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Brenciani
- Unit of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Medical School, Ancona, Italy
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Microbiological Evaluation of Water Used in Dental Units. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14060915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In modern dentistry, dental units are used for the treatment of patients’ teeth, and they need water to operate. Water circulates in a closed vessel system and finally reaches the mucous membranes of the patient as well as the dentist themselves. Therefore, the microbiological safety of this water should be a priority for physicians. This study aims to identify and determine the microbial count, expressed in CFU/mL, in water samples from various parts of the dental unit that are in direct contact with the patient. Thirty-four dental units located in dentistry rooms were analysed. The dentistry rooms were divided into three categories: surgical, conservative, and periodontal. It was found that in surgical rooms, the bacterial count was 1464.76 CFU/mL, and the most common bacterium was Staphylococcus pasteuri—23.88% of the total bacteria identified. In dentistry rooms where conservative treatments were applied, the average bacterial concentration was 8208.35 CFU/mL, and the most common bacterium was Ralsonia pickettii (26.31%). The periodontal rooms were also dominated by R. pickettii (45.13%), and the average bacterial concentration was 8743.08 CFU/mL. Fungi were also detected. Rhodotorula spp., Alternaria spp., and Candida parapsilosis were found to be the most common bacteria which are potentially harmful. This study indicates the need for effective decontamination of the water that is used in dental units and for constant monitoring of the level of contaminants present in the closed vessel system.
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Tevell S, Baig S, Hellmark B, Martins Simoes P, Wirth T, Butin M, Nilsdotter-Augustinsson Å, Söderquist B, Stegger M. Presence of the neonatal Staphylococcus capitis outbreak clone (NRCS-A) in prosthetic joint infections. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22389. [PMID: 33372186 PMCID: PMC7769963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus capitis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus that has been described primarily as causing bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), but has also recently been described in prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). The multidrug-resistant S. capitis subsp. urealyticus clone NRCS-A, comprising three sublineages, is prevalent in NICUs across the world, but its impact on other patient groups such as those suffering from PJIs or among adults planned for arthroplasty is unknown. Genome sequencing and subsequent analysis were performed on a Swedish collection of PJI isolates (n = 21), nasal commensals from patients planned to undergo arthroplasty (n = 20), NICU blood isolates (n = 9), operating theatre air isolates (n = 4), and reference strains (n = 2), in conjunction with an international strain collection (n = 248). The NRCS-A Outbreak sublineage containing the composite type V SCCmec-SCCcad/ars/cop element was present in PJIs across three Swedish hospitals. However, it was not found among nasal carrier strains, where the less virulent S. capitis subsp. capitis was most prevalent. The presence of the NRCS-A Outbreak clone in adult patients with PJIs demonstrates that dissemination occurs beyond NICUs. As this clone has several properties which facilitate invasive infections in patients with medical implants or immunosuppression, such as biofilm forming ability and multidrug resistance including heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate susceptibility, further research is needed to understand the reservoirs and distribution of this hospital-associated pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Staffan Tevell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karlstad Hospital and Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Värmland County Council, SE-65182, Karlstad, Sweden. .,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
| | - Sharmin Baig
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bengt Hellmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Patricia Martins Simoes
- Department of Bacteriology, Institute for Infectious Agents, National Reference Center for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Centre International de Référence en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Wirth
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR-CNRS 7205, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, EPHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL Université, Paris, France
| | - Marine Butin
- Centre International de Référence en Infectiologie, INSERM U1111, CNRS UMR 5308, ENS, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Åsa Nilsdotter-Augustinsson
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Infectious Diseases, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden.,Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Bo Söderquist
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Marc Stegger
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.,Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ding L, Li P, Yang Y, Lin D, Xu X. The epidemiology and molecular characteristics of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus capitis in Huashan Hospital, Shanghai. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:1079-1088. [PMID: 32729813 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Linezolid-resistant (LZR) Staphylococcus capitis has recently emerged in our hospital, and its potential resistance mechanisms are still not clear.Aim. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology, clinical and genetic characteristics, resistance mechanisms and biofilm formation capacity of LZR S. capitis isolated from patients at Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, PR China between 2012 and 2018.Methodology. Strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) with antibiotics using the broth microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The presence of cfr, optrA and poxtA, as well as mutations in the 23S ribosomal (r)RNA and ribosomal proteins, was investigated using PCR and sequencing techniques. The genetic relationship between isolates was analysed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Biofilm biomasses were detected by using crystal violet staining.Results. Twenty-one LZR S. capitis strains displayed MICs of 32-512 μg ml-1. All LZR strains showed G2576T and C2104T mutations in the 23S rRNA V region. Besides G2576T and C2104T, no base mutations were detected in the V region. The cfr was detected in 12 strains, while optrA and poxtA were not amplified in 21 S. capitis strains. PFGE showed that the LZR S. capitis strains belonged to a single clone. The phylogenetic tree showed that 20 LZR S. capitis strains were highly similar to LNZR-1, isolated from Harbin (located in the north of China) in 2013, which showed resistance to linezolid.Conclusions. In this research, cfr-negative strains displayed linezolid MICs of 32 μg ml-1. In comparison, cfr-positive strains exhibited linezolid MICs of 128-512 μg ml-1, indicating that high levels of linezolid resistance appear to be related to the presence of cfr. The outbreak of LZR S. capitis in our hospital needs to be monitored closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Li
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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