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McIntyre J, Duncan K, Fulton L, Smith A, Goodman AJ, Brown CJ, Walker TR. Environmental and economic impacts of retrieved abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gear in Southwest Nova Scotia, Canada. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:115013. [PMID: 37172340 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Abandoned, lost, and discarded fishing gear (ALDFG), negatively impacts marine environments. Managing ALDFG in Atlantic Canada is challenging due to knowledge gaps on loss rates, locations, data availability/accuracy, impacts, and regulatory barriers for retrieval. This study removed ALDFG in Southwest Nova Scotia in collaboration with local fishers (with local knowledge and practical ALDFG removal expertise), government, non-profit organizations, and academia. A total of 29,298 kg of ALDFG was retrieved, including 24,630 kg using towed grapples covering ~3986 km of seafloor and 4668 kg from shorelines (comprising, 68 % lobster traps and 12 % dragger cable by weight). Traps ranged from <1 to 37 years old (median, 10 years). Traps continued to catch target and non-target species with 25 species released, including 652 individual lobsters (82 % were market-sized) and 57 fish (42 were species-at-risk). Based on estimated 2 % trap losses, annual commercial losses from ALDFG were $155,836 CAD in Lobster Fishing Area 34.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie McIntyre
- Coastal Action, Mahone Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, St. Andrews, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Katie Duncan
- Coastal Action, Mahone Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada; Fugro USA Marine, Inc., Houston, TX, United States
| | - Leah Fulton
- Coastal Action, Mahone Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ariel Smith
- Coastal Action, Mahone Bay, Nova Scotia, Canada; The Ocean Frontier Institute, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Alexa J Goodman
- Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Response (MEOPAR), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Craig J Brown
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Tony R Walker
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Yu Q, Wu D, Min H, Ma Y, Liu Y. Research on electrochemical behaviour of reference electrodes for corrosion test under high hydrostatic pressure for simulating deep-sea. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Quantitative Understanding of the Environmental Effect on B10 Copper Alloy Corrosion in Seawater. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11071080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Corrosion in natural seawater is difficult to simulate in a laboratory due to the slow rate and complexity of the corrosion process which involves multiple influential factors. This paper aims to explore the quantitative effect of environmental factors on corrosion process and find the best experimental conditions which represent the actual environment and have the best acceleration effect. A new framework is followed in this paper which consists of three parts: design of experiments, outdoor and laboratory corrosion tests, and corrosion mechanism consistency confirmation. A L6(31 × 22) orthogonal experiment is designed in laboratory to study the effect of temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen on marine corrosion behavior of B10 copper alloy. In each test, H2O2 is added in seawater to accelerate the corrosion process. Outdoor exposure tests are also conducted in natural seawater. Results show that the corrosion process in laboratory and outdoor follows the same mechanism, in view of corrosion product and morphology, corrosion kinetics, as well as mechanical properties. With the help of quantitative analysis of the test results, a better acceleration condition can be designed.
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Yang Z, Kan B, Li J, Su Y, Qiao L. Hydrostatic pressure effects on corrosion behavior of X70 pipeline steel in a simulated deep-sea environment. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bellou N, Papathanassiou E, Dobretsov S, Lykousis V, Colijn F. The effect of substratum type, orientation and depth on the development of bacterial deep-sea biofilm communities grown on artificial substrata deployed in the Eastern Mediterranean. BIOFOULING 2012; 28:199-213. [PMID: 22352335 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2012.662675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of deep-sea studies have highlighted the importance of deep-sea biofouling, especially in relation to the protection of deep-sea instruments. In this study, the microbial communities developed on different substrata (titanium, aluminum, limestone, shale and neutrino telescope glass) exposed for 155 days at different depths (1500 m, 2500 m, 3500 m and 4500 m) and positions (vertical and horizontal) in the Eastern Mediterranean Deep Sea were compared. Replicated biofilm samples were analyzed using a Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (T-RFLP) method. The restriction enzymes CfoI and RsaI produced similar total numbers (94, 93) of different T-RFLP peaks (T-RFs) along the vertical transect. In contrast, the mean total T-RF number between each sample according to substratum type and depth was higher in more samples when CfoI was used. The total species richness (S) of the bacterial communities differed significantly between the substrata, and depended on the orientation of each substratum within one depth and throughout the water column (ANOVA). T-RFLP analyses using the Jaccard similarity index showed that within one depth layer, the composition of microbial communities on different substrata was different and highly altered among communities developed on the same substratum but exposed to fouling at different depths. Based on Multidimensional Scaling Analyses (MDS), the study suggests that depth plays an important role in the composition of deep-sea biofouling communities, while substratum type and orientation of substrata throughout the water column are less important. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study of biofilm development in deep waters, in relation to the effects of substratum type, orientation and depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoleta Bellou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, Athens, Greece.
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Zhang T, Yang Y, Shao Y, Meng G, Wang F. A stochastic analysis of the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the pit corrosion of Fe–20Cr alloy. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2009.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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