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Antioxidants Prevent the Effects of Physical Exercise on Visual Cortical Plasticity. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010048. [PMID: 36611842 PMCID: PMC9818657 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity has been recently shown to enhance adult visual cortical plasticity, both in human subjects and animal models. While physical activity activates mitochondrial oxidative metabolism leading to a transient production of reactive oxygen species, it remains unknown whether this process is involved in the plasticizing effects elicited at the visual cortical level. RESULTS Here, we investigated whether counteracting oxidative stress through a dietary intervention with antioxidants (vitamins E and C) interferes with the impact of physical exercise on visual cortex plasticity in adult rats. Antioxidant supplementation beyond the closure of the critical period blocked ocular dominance plasticity in response to eye deprivation induced by physical activity in adult rats. CONCLUSIONS Antioxidants exerted their action through a mithormetic effect that involved dampening of oxidative stress and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling in the brain.
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Greif DN, Emerson CP, Allegra P, Arizpe A, Mansour KL, Cade WH, Baraga MG. Supplement Use in Patients Undergoing Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review. Arthroscopy 2020; 36:2537-2549. [PMID: 32438028 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2020.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess whether a standardized dietary supplementation can help to decrease postoperative muscle atrophy and/or improve rehabilitation outcomes in patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). METHODS A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched, and articles that examined protein or amino acid, vitamin, or any other type of supplementation in ACLR were reviewed. Two independent reviewers conducted the search using pertinent Boolean operations. RESULTS A total of 1818 articles were found after our database search. Ten studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria and only assessed patients undergoing ACLR. Four studies assessed protein-based supplementation. One study assessed creatine as a supplement. Four studies assessed vitamin-based supplementation. One study assessed testosterone supplementation. Protein and amino acid supplementation showed potential benefits; multiple authors demonstrated a combination of improved achievement of rehabilitation benchmarks, graft maturation, muscular hypertrophic response, and peak dynamic muscle strength. When we examined creatine, vitamin, or hormone-based protocols, none demonstrated results, suggesting these factors may attenuate muscle atrophy after surgery. Vitamin C and E demonstrated potentially increased local inflammation in skeletal muscle, which runs contrary to the belief that antioxidant vitamin-based supplementation may decrease the inflammatory response that plays a role in the post injury/operative period. CONCLUSIONS Protein-based supplementation may play a role in mitigating muscle atrophy associated with ACLR, as multiple authors demonstrated a combination of improved achievement of rehabilitation benchmarks, thigh hypertrophic response, and peak dynamic muscle strength. However, based on current literature, it is not possible to recommend a specific protein-based supplementation protocol at this time for patients undergoing ACLR. Limited evidence suggests no benefit for creatine, vitamin, or hormone-based protocols. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II, a systematic review of level I-II studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan N Greif
- University of Miami Sports Medicine Institute, Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.A..
| | | | - Paul Allegra
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, U.S.A
| | - Azael Arizpe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, U.S.A
| | - Kailey L Mansour
- University of Miami Sports Medicine Institute, Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.A
| | - William H Cade
- University of Miami Sports Medicine Institute, Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.A
| | - Michael G Baraga
- University of Miami Sports Medicine Institute, Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.A.; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, U.S.A
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Ottolenghi S, Rubino FM, Sabbatini G, Coppola S, Veronese A, Chiumello D, Paroni R. Oxidative Stress Markers to Investigate the Effects of Hyperoxia in Anesthesia. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215492. [PMID: 31690051 PMCID: PMC6862279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) is commonly used in clinical practice to prevent or treat hypoxia, but if used in excess (hyperoxia), it may act as toxic. O2 toxicity arises from the enhanced formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that exceed the antioxidant defenses and generate oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed at assessing whether an elevated fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) during and after general anesthesia may contribute to the unbalancing of the pro-oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium. We measured five oxidative stress biomarkers in blood samples from patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery, randomly assigned to FiO2 = 0.40 vs. 0.80: hydroperoxides, antioxidants, nitrates and nitrites (NOx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathionyl hemoglobin (HbSSG). The MDA concentration was significantly higher 24 h after surgery, and the body antioxidant defense lower, in the FiO2 = 0.80 group with respect to both the FiO2 = 0.40 group and the baseline values (p ≤ 0.05, Student’s t-test). HbSSG in red blood cells was also higher in the FiO2 = 0.80 group at the end of the surgery. NOx was higher in the FiO2 = 0.80 group than the FiO2 = 0.40 group at t = 2 h after surgery. MDA, the main end product of the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids directly influenced by FiO2, may represent the best marker to assess the pro-oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ottolenghi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
| | - Federico Maria Rubino
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Sabbatini
- SC Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale San Paolo - Polo Universitario, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy.
| | - Silvia Coppola
- SC Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale San Paolo - Polo Universitario, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy.
| | - Alice Veronese
- SC Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale San Paolo - Polo Universitario, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy.
| | - Davide Chiumello
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
- SC Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale San Paolo - Polo Universitario, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, 20142 Milan, Italy.
- Coordinated Research Center on Respiratory Failure, University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy.
| | - Rita Paroni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.
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López-Vidriero E, Olivé-Vilas R, López-Capapé D, Varela-Sende L, López-Vidriero R, Til-Pérez L. Efficacy and Tolerability of Progen, a Nutritional Supplement Based on Innovative Plasma Proteins, in ACL Reconstruction: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Orthop J Sports Med 2019; 7:2325967119827237. [PMID: 30834280 PMCID: PMC6393838 DOI: 10.1177/2325967119827237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: New biologic strategies are arising to enhance healing and improve the clinical outcome of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a new oral nutritional supplement (Progen) that contains hydrolyzed collagen peptides and plasma proteins, a hyaluronic acid–chondroitin sulfate complex, and vitamin C. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The study included patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with hamstring autografts using the same fixation method. All patients received the same analgesia and physical therapy (PT) protocol and were randomized to receive either the nutritional supplement (supplemented group) or no additional therapy (control group). Patients were followed up at days 7, 30, 60, and 90. Pain was assessed by use of a visual analog scale (VAS) and by analgesic consumption. Clinical outcome was assessed via International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score and the number of PT sessions. Perceived efficacy and tolerability were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Graft maturation was assessed by a blinded musculoskeletal radiologist using magnetic resonance imaging. The number of adverse events (AEs) was recorded. Results: The intention-to-treat analysis included 72 patients, 36 allocated to the supplemented group and 36 to the control group, with no significant differences regarding demographic and preoperative characteristics. Both groups showed significant improvement in pain and function (measured by VAS and IKDC scores) during the 90-day follow-up period (P < .001 for both), without significant differences between groups. The supplemented group had fewer patients that needed analgesics (8.5% vs 50.0%; P < .05) and attended fewer PT sessions (38.0 vs 48.4 sessions; P < .001) at 90 days and had a higher IKDC score at 60 days (62.5 vs 55.5; P = .029) compared with the control group. Patient- and physician-perceived efficacy was considered significantly higher in the supplemented group at 60 and 90 days (P < .05). Perceived tolerability of the overall intervention was better in the supplemented group at 30, 60, and 90 days (P < .05). Graft maturation showed more advanced degrees (grades 3 and 4) in the supplemented group at 90 days (61.8% vs 38.2%; P < .01). No intolerance or AEs associated with the nutritional supplement treatment were reported. Conclusion: The combination of the nutritional supplement and PT after ACL reconstruction improved pain, clinical outcome, and graft maturation. Nutritional supplementation showed higher efficacy during the second month of recovery, without causing AEs. Registration: NCT03355651 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
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van 't Erve TJ. Strategies to decrease oxidative stress biomarker levels in human medical conditions: A meta-analysis on 8-iso-prostaglandin F 2α. Redox Biol 2018; 17:284-296. [PMID: 29775960 PMCID: PMC6007822 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread detection of elevated oxidative stress levels in many medical conditions has led to numerous efforts to design interventions to reduce its effects. Efforts have been wide-ranging, from dietary changes to administration of antioxidants, supplements, e.g., omega-3-fatty acids, and many medications. However, there is still no systemic assessment of the efficacy of treatments for oxidative stress reduction across a variety of medical conditions. The goal of this meta-analysis is, by combining multiple studies, to quantitate the change in the levels of the popular oxidative stress biomarker 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) after a variety of treatment strategies in human populations. Nearly 350 unique publications with 180 distinct strategies were included in the analysis. For each strategy, the difference between pre- or placebo and post-treatment levels calculated using Hedges' g value of effect. In general, administration of antibiotics, antihyperlipidemic agents, or changes in lifestyle (g = - 0.63, - 0.54, and 0.56) had the largest effect. Administration of supplements, antioxidants, or changes in diet (g = - 0.09, - 0.28, - 0.12) had small quantitative effects. To fully interpret the effectiveness of these treatments, comparisons to the increase in g value for each medical condition is required. For example, antioxidants in populations with coronary artery disease (CAD) reduce the 8-iso-PGF2α levels by g = - 0.34 ± 0.1, which is quantitatively considered a small effect. However, CAD populations, in comparison to healthy populations, have an increase in 8-iso-PGF2α levels by g = 0.38 ± 0.04; therefore, the overall reduction of 8-iso-PGF2α levels is ≈ 90% by this treatment in this specific medical condition. In conclusion, 8-iso-PGF2α levels can be reduced not only by antioxidants but by many other strategies. Not all strategies are equally effective at reducing 8-iso-PGF2α levels. In addition, the effectiveness of any strategy can be assessed only in relation to the medical condition investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J van 't Erve
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, 27709 NC, USA.
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Song Y, Yu C, Wang C, Ma X, Xu K, Zhong JL, Lv Y, Sung KP, Yang L. Mechano growth factor-C24E, a potential promoting biochemical factor for ligament tissue engineering. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Barker T, Henriksen VT, Rogers VE, Trawick RH. Improvement in muscle strength after an anterior cruciate ligament injury corresponds with a decrease in serum cytokines. Cytokine 2015; 73:199-202. [PMID: 25748529 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this communication was to identify if a decrease in serum cytokine concentrations associates with an improvement in muscle strength after an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. To establish groups with contrasting serum cytokine concentrations, subjects scheduled for ACL reconstructive surgery were separated into one of two groups (gender matched) based on their time from injury occurrence: (1) Early (<21-d from injury occurrence; n=22) or (2) Late (⩾21-d from injury occurrence; n=22). Before surgery, each subject provided a fasting blood sample and performed single-leg peak isometric force testing on the injured (INJ) and non-injured (NI) limbs. Compared to the NI limb, peak isometric force in the INJ limb was decreased (p<0.05) in both groups (Early, ∼35%; Late, ∼18%). The deficit in peak isometric force, however, was increased (p<0.05) in the Early compared to Late group. Similarly, serum granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-13 were increased (all p<0.05) in the Early group. These unique findings show a concurrent increase in muscular weakness and serum cytokine concentrations shortly after (<21-d) an ACL injury. Importantly, muscular weakness persisted thereafter (⩾21-d) but at an attenuated level and parallel to a decrease in circulating cytokine concentrations. We conclude that a decrease in serum cytokines associates with a reduction in muscular weakness after an ACL injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Barker
- The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Murray, UT 84107, USA.
| | | | | | - Roy H Trawick
- The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Murray, UT 84107, USA; The Orthopedic Specialty Clinic, Murray, UT 84107, USA
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Galano JM, Lee YY, Durand T, Lee JCY. Special Issue on "Analytical Methods for Oxidized Biomolecules and Antioxidants" The use of isoprostanoids as biomarkers of oxidative damage, and their role in human dietary intervention studies. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:583-98. [PMID: 25734631 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1007969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Isoprostanoids are a group of non-enzymatic oxidized lipids from polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are commonly used as biomarkers for oxidative damage, to assess in vivo lipid peroxidation in diseases related to the vascular system and neurodegeneration. Currently, there is a mismatch with the outcome in the use of these biomarkers in intervention studies, particularly when testing the effect of antioxidants such as vitamins C and E, or zinc, or a cocktail of these, with other food components. Much of this is because the biomarkers, the method of measurement, and the duration of supplementation are unsuitable. In this review, we will highlight the formation of isoprostanoids from their respective fatty acids, and their application as biomarkers for oxidative damage in vivo, considering human dietary intervention studies evaluating plasma and urine, using mass spectrometry techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Universités of Montpellier , France
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Barker T, Martins TB, Kjeldsberg CR, Trawick RH, Hill HR. Circulating interferon-γ correlates with 1,25(OH)D and the 1,25(OH)D-to-25(OH)D ratio. Cytokine 2012; 60:23-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bjelakovic G, Nikolova D, Gluud LL, Simonetti RG, Gluud C. Antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in healthy participants and patients with various diseases. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 2012:CD007176. [PMID: 22419320 PMCID: PMC8407395 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007176.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our systematic review has demonstrated that antioxidant supplements may increase mortality. We have now updated this review. OBJECTIVES To assess the beneficial and harmful effects of antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in adults. SEARCH METHODS We searched The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, the Science Citation Index Expanded, and Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science to February 2011. We scanned bibliographies of relevant publications and asked pharmaceutical companies for additional trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all primary and secondary prevention randomised clinical trials on antioxidant supplements (beta-carotene, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and selenium) versus placebo or no intervention. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three authors extracted data. Random-effects and fixed-effect model meta-analyses were conducted. Risk of bias was considered in order to minimise the risk of systematic errors. Trial sequential analyses were conducted to minimise the risk of random errors. Random-effects model meta-regression analyses were performed to assess sources of intertrial heterogeneity. MAIN RESULTS Seventy-eight randomised trials with 296,707 participants were included. Fifty-six trials including 244,056 participants had low risk of bias. Twenty-six trials included 215,900 healthy participants. Fifty-two trials included 80,807 participants with various diseases in a stable phase. The mean age was 63 years (range 18 to 103 years). The mean proportion of women was 46%. Of the 78 trials, 46 used the parallel-group design, 30 the factorial design, and 2 the cross-over design. All antioxidants were administered orally, either alone or in combination with vitamins, minerals, or other interventions. The duration of supplementation varied from 28 days to 12 years (mean duration 3 years; median duration 2 years). Overall, the antioxidant supplements had no significant effect on mortality in a random-effects model meta-analysis (21,484 dead/183,749 (11.7%) versus 11,479 dead/112,958 (10.2%); 78 trials, relative risk (RR) 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98 to 1.05) but significantly increased mortality in a fixed-effect model (RR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.05). Heterogeneity was low with an I(2)- of 12%. In meta-regression analysis, the risk of bias and type of antioxidant supplement were the only significant predictors of intertrial heterogeneity. Meta-regression analysis did not find a significant difference in the estimated intervention effect in the primary prevention and the secondary prevention trials. In the 56 trials with a low risk of bias, the antioxidant supplements significantly increased mortality (18,833 dead/146,320 (12.9%) versus 10,320 dead/97,736 (10.6%); RR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.07). This effect was confirmed by trial sequential analysis. Excluding factorial trials with potential confounding showed that 38 trials with low risk of bias demonstrated a significant increase in mortality (2822 dead/26,903 (10.5%) versus 2473 dead/26,052 (9.5%); RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.15). In trials with low risk of bias, beta-carotene (13,202 dead/96,003 (13.8%) versus 8556 dead/77,003 (11.1%); 26 trials, RR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.09) and vitamin E (11,689 dead/97,523 (12.0%) versus 7561 dead/73,721 (10.3%); 46 trials, RR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.05) significantly increased mortality, whereas vitamin A (3444 dead/24,596 (14.0%) versus 2249 dead/16,548 (13.6%); 12 trials, RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.18), vitamin C (3637 dead/36,659 (9.9%) versus 2717 dead/29,283 (9.3%); 29 trials, RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.07), and selenium (2670 dead/39,779 (6.7%) versus 1468 dead/22,961 (6.4%); 17 trials, RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.03) did not significantly affect mortality. In univariate meta-regression analysis, the dose of vitamin A was significantly associated with increased mortality (RR 1.0006, 95% CI 1.0002 to 1.001, P = 0.002). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence to support antioxidant supplements for primary or secondary prevention. Beta-carotene and vitamin E seem to increase mortality, and so may higher doses of vitamin A. Antioxidant supplements need to be considered as medicinal products and should undergo sufficient evaluation before marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Bjelakovic
- Department of InternalMedicine,Medical Faculty, University ofNis,Nis, Serbia.
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Vitamins E and C Modulate the Association Between Reciprocally Regulated Cytokines After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Surgery. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2011; 90:638-47. [DOI: 10.1097/phm.0b013e318214e886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Barker T, Martins TB, Hill HR, Kjeldsberg CR, Trawick RH, Weaver LK, Traber MG. Low Vitamin D Impairs Strength Recovery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/2156587211413768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify strength gains after an anterior cruciate ligament injury and surgery and during inflammatory challenge in participants with disparate vitamin D levels. Plasma samples were obtained from those who had not previously experienced an anterior cruciate ligament injury and from injured patients 2 weeks before and 3 months after anterior cruciate ligament surgery. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cytokine concentrations were measured in each blood sample. Single-leg peak isometric forces were measured 2 weeks presurgery and 3 months postsurgery. Compared with noninjured participants, inflammatory cytokines were elevated prior to and following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. During this inflammatory challenge, the peak isometric force increases after surgery were significantly lower in those with plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations <30 ng/mL compared with those with concentrations ≥30 ng/mL. The authors conclude that low vitamin D appears to hinder strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament surgery and during inflammatory insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Barker
- The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Murray, UT, USA
| | - Thomas B. Martins
- ARUP Laboratories, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Harry R. Hill
- ARUP Laboratories, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Carl R. Kjeldsberg
- ARUP Laboratories, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Roy H. Trawick
- The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital and Clinic, Murray, UT, USA
| | - Lindell K. Weaver
- Hyperbaric Medicine, Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, UT, USA and LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Maret G. Traber
- Linus Pauling Institute and Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Barker T, Traber MG. Does Vitamin E and C Supplementation Improve the Recovery From Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery? J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/1533210110392954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular (quadriceps) weakness is a predominant impairment that follows anterior cruciate ligament injury and surgery. This continued weakness impairs activities of daily living and could predispose patients to adverse conditions later in life, such as knee osteoarthritis. Vitamins E and C have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Herein, the authors summarize the state-of-the science and suggest directions for future research endeavors regarding the therapeutic influence of vitamins E and C, or other antioxidants, on the recovery from anterior cruciate ligament injury and surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Barker
- The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Intermountain Healthcare, Murray, UT, USA,
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