1
|
De Waele JJ, Coccolini F, Lagunes L, Maseda E, Rausei S, Rubio-Perez I, Theodorakopoulou M, Arvanti K. Optimized Treatment of Nosocomial Peritonitis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1711. [PMID: 38136745 PMCID: PMC10740749 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12121711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review aims to provide a practical guide for intensivists, focusing on enhancing patient care associated with nosocomial peritonitis (NP). It explores the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of NP, a significant contributor to the mortality of surgical patients worldwide. NP is, per definition, a hospital-acquired condition and a consequence of gastrointestinal surgery or a complication of other diseases. NP, one of the most prevalent causes of sepsis in surgical Intensive Care Units (ICUs), is often associated with multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and high mortality rates. Early clinical suspicion and the utilization of various diagnostic tools like biomarkers and imaging are of great importance. Microbiology is often complex, with antimicrobial resistance escalating in many parts of the world. Fungal peritonitis and its risk factors, diagnostic hurdles, and effective management approaches are particularly relevant in patients with NP. Contemporary antimicrobial strategies for treating NP are discussed, including drug resistance challenges and empirical antibiotic regimens. The importance of source control in intra-abdominal infection management, including surgical and non-surgical interventions, is also emphasized. A deeper exploration into the role of open abdomen treatment as a potential option for selected patients is proposed, indicating an area for further investigation. This review underscores the need for more research to advance the best treatment strategies for NP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan J. De Waele
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Federico Coccolini
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Leonel Lagunes
- Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca CRIPS, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi, 78210 San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Emilio Maseda
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Hospital Quironsalud Valle del Henares, 28850 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefano Rausei
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Cittiglio-Angera Hospital, ASST SetteLaghi, 21100 Varese, Italy;
| | - Ines Rubio-Perez
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (Idipaz), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Theodorakopoulou
- 1st Department of Critical Care Medicine & Pulmonary Services, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, 10675 Athens, Greece;
| | - Kostoula Arvanti
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, 54646 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kirkpatrick AW, Coccolini F, Tolonen M, Minor S, Catena F, Gois E, Doig CJ, Hill MD, Ansaloni L, Chiarugi M, Tartaglia D, Ioannidis O, Sugrue M, Colak E, Hameed SM, Lampela H, Agnoletti V, McKee JL, Garraway N, Sartelli M, Ball CG, Parry NG, Voght K, Julien L, Kroeker J, Roberts DJ, Faris P, Tiruta C, Moore EE, Ammons LA, Anestiadou E, Bendinelli C, Bouliaris K, Carroll R, Ceresoli M, Favi F, Gurrado A, Rezende-Neto J, Isik A, Cremonini C, Strambi S, Koukoulis G, Testini M, Trpcic S, Pasculli A, Picariello E, Abu-Zidan F, Adeyeye A, Augustin G, Alconchel F, Altinel Y, Hernandez Amin LA, Aranda-Narváez JM, Baraket O, Biffl WL, Baiocchi GL, Bonavina L, Brisinda G, Cardinali L, Celotti A, Chaouch M, Chiarello M, Costa G, de'Angelis N, De Manzini N, Delibegovic S, Di Saverio S, De Simone B, Dubuisson V, Fransvea P, Garulli G, Giordano A, Gomes C, Hayati F, Huang J, Ibrahim AF, Huei TJ, Jailani RF, Khan M, Luna AP, Malbrain MLNG, Marwah S, McBeth P, Mihailescu A, Morello A, Mulita F, Murzi V, Mohammad AT, Parmar S, Pak A, Wong MPK, Pantalone D, Podda M, Puccioni C, Rasa K, Ren J, Roscio F, Gonzalez-Sanchez A, Sganga G, Scheiterle M, Slavchev M, Smirnov D, Tosi L, Trivedi A, Vega JAG, Waledziak M, Xenaki S, Winter D, Wu X, Zakaria AD, Zakaria Z. The unrestricted global effort to complete the COOL trial. World J Emerg Surg 2023; 18:33. [PMID: 37170123 PMCID: PMC10173926 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-023-00500-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis (SCIAS) has an increasing incidence with mortality rates over 80% in some settings. Mortality typically results from disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, progressive and self-perpetuating bio-mediator generation, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ failure. A further therapeutic option may be open abdomen (OA) management with negative peritoneal pressure therapy (NPPT) to remove inflammatory ascites and attenuate the systemic damage from SCIAS, although there are definite risks of leaving the abdomen open whenever it might possibly be closed. This potential therapeutic paradigm is the rationale being assessed in the Closed Or Open after Laparotomy (COOL trial) ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03163095 ). Initially, the COOL trial received Industry sponsorship; however, this funding mandated the use of a specific trademarked and expensive NPPT device in half of the patients allocated to the intervention (open) arm. In August 2022, the 3 M/Acelity Corporation without consultation but within the terms of the contract canceled the financial support of the trial. Although creating financial difficulty, there is now no restriction on specific NPPT devices and removing a cost-prohibitive intervention creates an opportunity to expand the COOL trial to a truly global basis. This document describes the evolution of the COOL trial, with a focus on future opportunities for global growth of the study. METHODS The COOL trial is the largest prospective randomized controlled trial examining the random allocation of SCIAS patients intra-operatively to either formal closure of the fascia or the use of the OA with an application of an NPPT dressing. Patients are eligible if they have free uncontained intraperitoneal contamination and physiologic derangements exemplified by septic shock OR severely adverse predicted clinical outcomes. The primary outcome is intended to definitively inform global practice by conclusively evaluating 90-day survival. Initial recruitment has been lower than hoped but satisfactory, and the COOL steering committee and trial investigators intend with increased global support to continue enrollment until recruitment ensures a definitive answer. DISCUSSION OA is mandated in many cases of SCIAS such as the risk of abdominal compartment syndrome associated with closure, or a planned second look as for example part of "damage control"; however, improved source control (locally and systemically) is the most uncertain indication for an OA. The COOL trial seeks to expand potential sites and proceed with the evaluation of NPPT agnostic to device, to properly examine the hypothesis that this treatment attenuates systemic damage and improves survival. This approach will not affect internal validity and should improve the external validity of any observed results of the intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION National Institutes of Health ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03163095 ).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Kirkpatrick
- Departments of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, EG23T2N 2T9, Canada.
| | - Federico Coccolini
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matti Tolonen
- Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Samuel Minor
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Fausto Catena
- Department of Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Emanuel Gois
- Department of Surgery, Londrina State University, and National COOL Coordinator for Brazil, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Christopher J Doig
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine and Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael D Hill
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary and Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- General Surgery I, San Matteo Hospital Pavia, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Massimo Chiarugi
- Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dario Tartaglia
- Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Orestis Ioannidis
- 4th Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "George Papanikolaou", Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Elif Colak
- University of Samsun, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - S Morad Hameed
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hanna Lampela
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Jessica L McKee
- Global Project Manager, COOL Trial and the TeleMentored Ultrasound Supported Medical Interventions Research Group, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Naisan Garraway
- Departments of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Massimo Sartelli
- Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery, Macerata, Italy
| | - Chad G Ball
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Foothills Medical Center, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Neil G Parry
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kelly Voght
- Departments of Surgery and Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa Julien
- Department of Surgery, NSHA-Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jenna Kroeker
- Departments of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Derek J Roberts
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery and School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Ernest E Moore
- Ernest E. Moore Shock Trauma Center, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Elissavet Anestiadou
- 4th Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "George Papanikolaou", Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Konstantinos Bouliaris
- General Surgery Department of Koutlimbaneio, Triantafylleio General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
| | | | - Marco Ceresoli
- General and Emergency Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza, Italy
| | - Francesco Favi
- Chirurgia Generale E d'Urgenza, Ospedale M. Bufalini - Cesena, AUSL Della Romagna, Cesena, Italy
| | - Angela Gurrado
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Unit of Academic General Surgery "V. Bonomo", University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Joao Rezende-Neto
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arda Isik
- General Surgery Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University School of Medicine Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Camilla Cremonini
- Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silivia Strambi
- Emergency Surgery and Trauma Center, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Georgios Koukoulis
- General Surgery Department of Koutlimbaneio, Triantafylleio General Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Mario Testini
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Unit of Academic General Surgery "V. Bonomo", University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Sandy Trpcic
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, General Surgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alessandro Pasculli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Unit of Academic General Surgery "V. Bonomo", University of Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Erika Picariello
- General Surgery Unit, Ospedale M. Buffalini Di Cesena, Cesena, Italy
| | - Fikri Abu-Zidan
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ademola Adeyeye
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Afe Babalola University Multisystem Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Goran Augustin
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Felipe Alconchel
- Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital IMIB-Arrixaca, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena, S/N, Murcia, Spain
| | - Yuksel Altinel
- Bagcilar Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Luz Adriana Hernandez Amin
- Nurse Master of Nursing, Professor and Coordinator of the teaching-service relationship, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sucre, Sincelejo, Colombia
| | - José Manuel Aranda-Narváez
- Trauma and Emergency Surgery Unit. General, Digestive and Transplantation Surgery Department, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Gian Luca Baiocchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Bonavina
- Department of Surgery, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Brisinda
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cardinali
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital Madonna del Soccorso, San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Andrea Celotti
- General Surgery Unit, UO Chirurgia Generale - Ospedale Maggiore Di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Mohamed Chaouch
- Department of Visceral and Digestive Surgery, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maria Chiarello
- Department of Surgery, Azienda Sanitaria Provinciale Di Cosenza, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Gianluca Costa
- Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola de'Angelis
- Colorectal and Digestive Surgery Unit-DIGEST Department, Beaujon University Hospital AP-HP, University Paris Cité, Clichy, France
| | - Nicolo De Manzini
- Department of General Surgery, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - Samir Delibegovic
- Department of Proctology, Clinic for Surgery, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Salomone Di Saverio
- Department of General Surgery, University of Insubria, University Hospital of Varese, ASST Sette Laghi, Regione Lombardia, Italy
| | - Belinda De Simone
- Unit of Digestive and Metabolic Minimally Invasive Surgery, Clinique Saint Louis, Poissy, Poissy, Ile de France, France
- Unit of Emergency and General Surgery, Guastalla Hospital, AUSL Reggio Emilia, Guastalla, Italy
| | - Vincent Dubuisson
- Chirurgie Digestive, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire Et, Générale University Hospital of Bordeaux FR, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Alessio Giordano
- Emergency and General Consultant Surgeon, Nuovo Ospedale "S. Stefano", Azienda ASL Toscana Centro, Prato, Italy
| | - Carlos Gomes
- Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitário Terezinha de Jesus, SUPREMA, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Firdaus Hayati
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jinjian Huang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | | | | | - Mansoor Khan
- General Surgery, University Hospitals, Sussex, UK
| | | | - Manu L N G Malbrain
- First Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- International Fluid Academy, Lovenjoel, Belgium
| | - Sanjay Marwah
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | | | | | - Alessia Morello
- Department of General Surgery, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital - San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy, Italy
| | - Francesk Mulita
- Department of Surgery, General University Hospital of Patras, Rio, Greece
| | - Valentina Murzi
- Department of Surgical Science, Cagliari State University, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Ajay Pak
- Department of General Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Michael Pak-Kai Wong
- School of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Mauro Podda
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Cagliari University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Caterina Puccioni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Kemal Rasa
- Department of General Surgery, Hüseyin Kemal Raşa, Anadolu Medical Center, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Jianan Ren
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Francesco Roscio
- Division of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, ASST Valle Olona, Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Antonio Gonzalez-Sanchez
- Trauma and Emergency Surgery Unit. General, Digestive and Transplantation Surgery Department, University Regional Hospital of Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Gabriele Sganga
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maximilian Scheiterle
- Emergency Surgery Unit and Trauma Team, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Dmitry Smirnov
- Department of Surgery, South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk City, Russia
| | - Lorenzo Tosi
- Department of General Surgery, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Sofia Xenaki
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Xiuwen Wu
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Andee Dzulkarnean Zakaria
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences and Hospital USM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Georgetown, Malaysia
| | - Zaidi Zakaria
- Department of Surgery, School of Medical Sciences and Hospital USM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Georgetown, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Diagnostic challenges in postoperative intra-abdominal sepsis in critically ill patients: When to reoperate? POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2022-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The present paper was done to review common diagnostic techniques used to help surgeons find the most suitable way to diagnose postoperative intra-abdominal sepsis (IAS). The topic was searched on MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Collected articles were classified and checked for their quality. Findings of selected research were included in this study and analyzed to find the best diagnostic method for intra-abdominal sepsis. IAS presents severe morbidity and mortality, and its early diagnosis can improve the outcome. Currently, there is no consensus among surgeons on a single diagnostic modality that should be used while deciding reoperation in patients with postoperative IAS. Though it has a high sensitivity for abdominal infections, computed tomography has limited applications due to mobility and time constraints. Diagnostic laparoscopy is a safe process that produces usable images, and can be used at the bedside. Diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) has high sensitivity, and the patients testing positive through DPL can be subjected to exploratory laparotomy, depending on severity. Abdominal Reoperation Predictive Index (ARPI) is the only index reported as an aid for this purpose. Serial intra-abdominal pressure measurement has also emerged as a potential diagnostic tool. A proper selection of diagnostic modality is expected to improve the outcome in IAS, which presents high mortality risk and a limited time frame.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kirkpatrick AW, Coccolini F, Ansaloni L, Roberts DJ, Tolonen M, McKee JL, Leppaniemi A, Faris P, Doig CJ, Catena F, Fabian T, Jenne CN, Chiara O, Kubes P, Manns B, Kluger Y, Fraga GP, Pereira BM, Diaz JJ, Sugrue M, Moore EE, Ren J, Ball CG, Coimbra R, Balogh ZJ, Abu-Zidan FM, Dixon E, Biffl W, MacLean A, Ball I, Drover J, McBeth PB, Posadas-Calleja JG, Parry NG, Di Saverio S, Ordonez CA, Xiao J, Sartelli M. Closed Or Open after Source Control Laparotomy for Severe Complicated Intra-Abdominal Sepsis (the COOL trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. World J Emerg Surg 2018; 13:26. [PMID: 29977328 PMCID: PMC6015449 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-018-0183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe complicated intra-abdominal sepsis (SCIAS) has an increasing incidence with mortality rates over 80% in some settings. Mortality typically results from disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, progressive and self-perpetuating bio-mediator generation, systemic inflammation, and multiple organ failure. Principles of treatment include early antibiotic administration and operative source control. A further therapeutic option may be open abdomen (OA) management with active negative peritoneal pressure therapy (ANPPT) to remove inflammatory ascites and ameliorate the systemic damage from SCIAS. Although there is now a biologic rationale for such an intervention as well as non-standardized and erratic clinical utilization, this remains a novel therapy with potential side effects and clinical equipoise. Methods The Closed Or Open after Laparotomy (COOL) study will constitute a prospective randomized controlled trial that will randomly allocate eligible surgical patients intra-operatively to either formal closure of the fascia or use of the OA with application of an ANPTT dressing. Patients will be eligible if they have free uncontained intra-peritoneal contamination and physiologic derangements exemplified by septic shock OR a Predisposition-Infection-Response-Organ Dysfunction Score ≥ 3 or a World-Society-of-Emergency-Surgery-Sepsis-Severity-Score ≥ 8. The primary outcome will be 90-day survival. Secondary outcomes will be logistical, physiologic, safety, bio-mediators, microbiological, quality of life, and health-care costs. Secondary outcomes will include days free of ICU, ventilation, renal replacement therapy, and hospital at 30 days from the index laparotomy. Physiologic secondary outcomes will include changes in intensive care unit illness severity scores after laparotomy. Bio-mediator outcomes for participating centers will involve measurement of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10, procalcitonin, activated protein C (APC), high-mobility group box protein-1, complement factors, and mitochondrial DNA. Economic outcomes will comprise standard costing for utilization of health-care resources. Discussion Although facial closure after SCIAS is considered the current standard of care, many reports are suggesting that OA management may improve outcomes in these patients. This trial will be powered to demonstrate a mortality difference in this highly lethal and morbid condition to ensure critically ill patients are receiving the best care possible and not being harmed by inappropriate therapies based on opinion only. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03163095.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W. Kirkpatrick
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- The Trauma Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Federico Coccolini
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- Unit of General and Emergency Surgery, Bufalini Hospital of Cesena, Cesena, Italy
| | - Derek J. Roberts
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Matti Tolonen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Abdominal Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jessica L. McKee
- Regional Trauma Services, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Ari Leppaniemi
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Abdominal Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Faris
- Research Facilitation Analytics (DIMR), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Christopher J. Doig
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Fausto Catena
- Emergency Surgery Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Timothy Fabian
- Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Memphis, Memphis, TN USA
| | - Craig N. Jenne
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Osvaldo Chiara
- General Surgery and Trauma Team Niguarda Hospital Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paul Kubes
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Physiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Braden Manns
- Emergency Surgery Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute and O’Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | | | - Gustavo P. Fraga
- Division of Trauma Surgery, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Bruno M. Pereira
- Division of Trauma Surgery, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Jose J. Diaz
- Department of Surgery, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School on Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Michael Sugrue
- Donegal Clinical Research Academy, Letterkenny University Hospital, Donegal, Ireland
| | - Ernest E. Moore
- Trauma and Critical Care Research, University of Colorado, Denver, CO USA
| | - Jianan Ren
- Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chad G. Ball
- General, Acute Care, and Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Regional Trauma Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Raul Coimbra
- Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA USA
- Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA USA
| | - Zsolt J. Balogh
- John Hunter Hospital and Hunter New England Health District, Newcastle, NSW Australia
- Surgery and Traumatology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia
| | - Fikri M. Abu-Zidan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Elijah Dixon
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Emergency Surgery Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
- Surgical Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- City Wide Section of General Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Walter Biffl
- Scripps Memorial Hospital La Jolla, La Jolla, California USA
| | - Anthony MacLean
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | - Ian Ball
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario Canada
| | - John Drover
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario Canada
- Department of Surgery, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario Canada
| | - Paul B. McBeth
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- The Trauma Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | | | - Neil G. Parry
- Department of Surgery, Western University, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario Canada
- Department of Critical Care, Western University, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario Canada
| | - Salomone Di Saverio
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos A. Ordonez
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Valle del Lili and Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jimmy Xiao
- Regional Trauma Services, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta Canada
| | | | - for The Closed Or Open after Laparotomy (COOL) after Source Control for Severe Complicated Intra-Abdominal Sepsis Investigators
- Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- The Trauma Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
- Unit of General and Emergency Surgery, Bufalini Hospital of Cesena, Cesena, Italy
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Abdominal Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Regional Trauma Services, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Research Facilitation Analytics (DIMR), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Emergency Surgery Department, Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
- Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center Memphis, Memphis, TN USA
- General Surgery and Trauma Team Niguarda Hospital Milano, Milan, Italy
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Physiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute and O’Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Division of Trauma Surgery, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP Brazil
- Department of Surgery, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School on Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
- Donegal Clinical Research Academy, Letterkenny University Hospital, Donegal, Ireland
- Trauma and Critical Care Research, University of Colorado, Denver, CO USA
- Department of Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- General, Acute Care, and Hepatobiliary Surgery, and Regional Trauma Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA USA
- Department of Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA USA
- John Hunter Hospital and Hunter New England Health District, Newcastle, NSW Australia
- Surgery and Traumatology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Surgical Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- City Wide Section of General Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta Canada
- Scripps Memorial Hospital La Jolla, La Jolla, California USA
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario Canada
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario Canada
- Department of Surgery, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario Canada
- Department of Surgery, Western University, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario Canada
- Department of Critical Care, Western University, Victoria Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario Canada
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Valle del Lili and Universidad Del Valle, Cali, Colombia
- Department of Surgery, Macerata Hospital, Macerata, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Intraperitoneal hypertension, a novel risk factor for sepsis-associated encephalopathy in sepsis mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8173. [PMID: 29802336 PMCID: PMC5970176 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE), appears often indicates the deterioration of the sepsis disease and which have high risk of death. Although several mechanism and hypotheses have been proposed and studied, there is no breakthrough in the treatment of SAE. We performed a systematic research to evaluate the effect of intraperitoneal pressure on SAE. A mice model of sepsis was established by intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin. A total of 48 female BALB/c mouse (30 days old) were randomly divided into a control group (n = 12) and an injection of endotoxin referred to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group (n = 12). Intraperitoneal hypertension (IAH) referred to IAH group (n = 12), and LPS + IAH group (n = 12). Following sepsis induction, diagnosis, the brains were analyzed for both function and ultrastructural morphology.We determined that IAH exacerbated sepsis induces sepsis-associated encephalopathy when examining low score of neurological function and more delta wave in EEG, increased neuronal edema in LPS + IAH group, as well as an escalation of Bax and Cleaved-caspase-3, Cleaved-parp, and reduction of Bcl-2 and Mfsd2a in LPS + IAH group. Therefore, IAH can exacerbate and increase incident rate of sepsis-related encephalopathy in sepsis mice by promoting neuronal apoptosis and destruction of the blood-brain barrier.
Collapse
|
6
|
Coccolini F, Roberts D, Ansaloni L, Ivatury R, Gamberini E, Kluger Y, Moore EE, Coimbra R, Kirkpatrick AW, Pereira BM, Montori G, Ceresoli M, Abu-Zidan FM, Sartelli M, Velmahos G, Fraga GP, Leppaniemi A, Tolonen M, Galante J, Razek T, Maier R, Bala M, Sakakushev B, Khokha V, Malbrain M, Agnoletti V, Peitzman A, Demetrashvili Z, Sugrue M, Di Saverio S, Martzi I, Soreide K, Biffl W, Ferrada P, Parry N, Montravers P, Melotti RM, Salvetti F, Valetti TM, Scalea T, Chiara O, Cimbanassi S, Kashuk JL, Larrea M, Hernandez JAM, Lin HF, Chirica M, Arvieux C, Bing C, Horer T, De Simone B, Masiakos P, Reva V, DeAngelis N, Kike K, Balogh ZJ, Fugazzola P, Tomasoni M, Latifi R, Naidoo N, Weber D, Handolin L, Inaba K, Hecker A, Kuo-Ching Y, Ordoñez CA, Rizoli S, Gomes CA, De Moya M, Wani I, Mefire AC, Boffard K, Napolitano L, Catena F. The open abdomen in trauma and non-trauma patients: WSES guidelines. World J Emerg Surg 2018; 13:7. [PMID: 29434652 PMCID: PMC5797335 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-018-0167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage control resuscitation may lead to postoperative intra-abdominal hypertension or abdominal compartment syndrome. These conditions may result in a vicious, self-perpetuating cycle leading to severe physiologic derangements and multiorgan failure unless interrupted by abdominal (surgical or other) decompression. Further, in some clinical situations, the abdomen cannot be closed due to the visceral edema, the inability to control the compelling source of infection or the necessity to re-explore (as a "planned second-look" laparotomy) or complete previously initiated damage control procedures or in cases of abdominal wall disruption. The open abdomen in trauma and non-trauma patients has been proposed to be effective in preventing or treating deranged physiology in patients with severe injuries or critical illness when no other perceived options exist. Its use, however, remains controversial as it is resource consuming and represents a non-anatomic situation with the potential for severe adverse effects. Its use, therefore, should only be considered in patients who would most benefit from it. Abdominal fascia-to-fascia closure should be done as soon as the patient can physiologically tolerate it. All precautions to minimize complications should be implemented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Coccolini
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Viale Giovanni Ghirotti, 286, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Derek Roberts
- Department of Surgery, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Canada
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Viale Giovanni Ghirotti, 286, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Rao Ivatury
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | | | - Yoram Kluger
- Division of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | | | - Raul Coimbra
- Department of Surgery, UC San Diego Health System, San Diego, USA
| | | | - Bruno M. Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM)–Unicamp Campinas, Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Giulia Montori
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Viale Giovanni Ghirotti, 286, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Marco Ceresoli
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Viale Giovanni Ghirotti, 286, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Fikri M. Abu-Zidan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - George Velmahos
- Department of Trauma, Emergency Surgery and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Ari Leppaniemi
- Second Department of Surgery, Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti Tolonen
- Second Department of Surgery, Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Joseph Galante
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery and Surgical Critical Care Trauma, Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Tarek Razek
- General and Emergency Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Ron Maier
- Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Centre, Seattle, USA
| | - Miklosh Bala
- General Surgery Department, Hadassah Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Boris Sakakushev
- First Clinic of General Surgery, University Hospital/UMBAL/St George Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Manu Malbrain
- ICU and High Care Burn Unit, Ziekenhius Netwerk Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | - Andrew Peitzman
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Services, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Zaza Demetrashvili
- Department of Surgery, Tbilisi State Medical University, Kipshidze Central University Hospital, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Michael Sugrue
- General Surgery Department, Letterkenny Hospital, Letterkenny, Ireland
| | | | - Ingo Martzi
- Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie Universitätsklinikum Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kjetil Soreide
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Walter Biffl
- Acute Care Surgery, The Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI USA
| | | | - Neil Parry
- General and Trauma Surgery Department, London Health Sciences Centre, Victoria Hospital, London, ON Canada
| | - Philippe Montravers
- Département d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Bichat Claude-Bernard-HUPNVS, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Denis Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Rita Maria Melotti
- ICU Department, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvetti
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Viale Giovanni Ghirotti, 286, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Tino M. Valetti
- ICU Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Thomas Scalea
- Surgery Department, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Osvaldo Chiara
- Emergency and Trauma Surgery Department, Niguarda Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Jeffry L. Kashuk
- General Surgery Department, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Martha Larrea
- General Surgery, “General Calixto García”, Habana Medicine University, Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Heng-Fu Lin
- Division of Trauma, Department of Surgery, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mircea Chirica
- Clin. Univ. de Chirurgie Digestive et de l’Urgence, CHUGA-CHU Grenoble Alpes UGA-Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Catherine Arvieux
- Clin. Univ. de Chirurgie Digestive et de l’Urgence, CHUGA-CHU Grenoble Alpes UGA-Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Camilla Bing
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, Empoli Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Tal Horer
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Örebro University Hospital and Örebro University, Orebro, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Masiakos
- Pediatric Trauma Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Viktor Reva
- General and Emergency Surgery, Sergei Kirov Military Academy, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nicola DeAngelis
- Unit of Digestive Surgery, HPB Surgery and Liver Transplant, Henri Mondor Hospital, Créteil, France
| | - Kaoru Kike
- Department of Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Zsolt J. Balogh
- Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia
| | - Paola Fugazzola
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Viale Giovanni Ghirotti, 286, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Matteo Tomasoni
- General Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Viale Giovanni Ghirotti, 286, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Rifat Latifi
- General Surgery Department, Westchester Medical Center, Westchester, NY USA
| | - Noel Naidoo
- Department of Surgery, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Dieter Weber
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Perth Hospital, The University of Western Australia & The University of Newcastle, Perth, Australia
| | - Lauri Handolin
- Trauma Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kenji Inaba
- Division of Trauma and Critical Care, LAC+USC Medical Center, University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles USA
| | - Andreas Hecker
- General and Thoracic Surgery, Giessen Hospital, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yuan Kuo-Ching
- Acute Care Surgery and Traumatology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Carlos A. Ordoñez
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Fundacion Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
| | - Sandro Rizoli
- Trauma and Acute Care Service, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Carlos Augusto Gomes
- Hospital Universitário Terezinha de Jesus, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas e da Saúde de Juiz de Fora (SUPREMA), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Marc De Moya
- Trauma, Acute Care Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Trauma Center, Milwaukee, WI USA
| | - Imtiaz Wani
- Department of Surgery, Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | - Alain Chichom Mefire
- Department of Surgery and Obs/Gyn, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Ken Boffard
- Milpark Hospital Academic Trauma Center, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lena Napolitano
- Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Fausto Catena
- Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Parma Maggiore Hospital, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Coccolini F, Montori G, Ceresoli M, Catena F, Moore EE, Ivatury R, Biffl W, Peitzman A, Coimbra R, Rizoli S, Kluger Y, Abu-Zidan FM, Sartelli M, De Moya M, Velmahos G, Fraga GP, Pereira BM, Leppaniemi A, Boermeester MA, Kirkpatrick AW, Maier R, Bala M, Sakakushev B, Khokha V, Malbrain M, Agnoletti V, Martin-Loeches I, Sugrue M, Di Saverio S, Griffiths E, Soreide K, Mazuski JE, May AK, Montravers P, Melotti RM, Pisano M, Salvetti F, Marchesi G, Valetti TM, Scalea T, Chiara O, Kashuk JL, Ansaloni L. The role of open abdomen in non-trauma patient: WSES Consensus Paper. World J Emerg Surg 2017; 12:39. [PMID: 28814969 PMCID: PMC5557069 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-017-0146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The open abdomen (OA) is defined as intentional decision to leave the fascial edges of the abdomen un-approximated after laparotomy (laparostomy). The abdominal contents are potentially exposed and therefore must be protected with a temporary coverage, which is referred to as temporal abdominal closure (TAC). OA use remains widely debated with many specific details deserving detailed assessment and clarification. To date, in patients with intra-abdominal emergencies, the OA has not been formally endorsed for routine utilization; although, utilization is seemingly increasing. Therefore, the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), Abdominal Compartment Society (WSACS) and the Donegal Research Academy united a worldwide group of experts in an international consensus conference to review and thereafter propose the basis for evidence-directed utilization of OA management in non-trauma emergency surgery and critically ill patients. In addition to utilization recommendations, questions with insufficient evidence urgently requiring future study were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Coccolini
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery dept., Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulia Montori
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery dept., Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Marco Ceresoli
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery dept., Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Fausto Catena
- Emergency and Trauma Surgery, Parma Maggiore hospital, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Rao Ivatury
- Trauma Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284 USA
| | - Walter Biffl
- Acute Care Surgery, The Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA
| | - Andrew Peitzman
- Department of Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Services, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15213 USA
| | - Raul Coimbra
- Department of Surgery, UC San Diego Health System, San Diego, 92103 USA
| | - Sandro Rizoli
- Trauma & Acute Care Service, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Yoram Kluger
- Division of General Surgery Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Fikri M. Abu-Zidan
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Marc De Moya
- Department of Trauma, Emergency Surgery and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | - George Velmahos
- Department of Trauma, Emergency Surgery and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114 USA
| | | | - Bruno M. Pereira
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM) – Unicamp Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ari Leppaniemi
- Second Department of Surgery, Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Ron Maier
- Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Centre, Seattle, 98104 USA
| | - Miklosh Bala
- General Surgery Department, Hadassah Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Boris Sakakushev
- First Clinic of General Surgery, University Hospital/UMBAL/St George Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | - Manu Malbrain
- ICU and High Care Burn Unit, Ziekenhius Netwerk Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | | | | | - Michael Sugrue
- General Surgery Department, Letterkenny Hospital, Letterkenny, Ireland
| | | | - Ewen Griffiths
- Upper Gatrointestinal Surgery, Birmigham Hospital, Birmigham, UK
| | - Kjetil Soreide
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - John E. Mazuski
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - Addison K. May
- Departments of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Philippe Montravers
- Département d’Anesthésie-Réanimation, CHU Bichat Claude-Bernard-HUPNVS, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Denis Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | - Michele Pisano
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery dept., Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvetti
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery dept., Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Tino M. Valetti
- ICU Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Thomas Scalea
- Trauma Surgery department, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA
| | - Osvaldo Chiara
- Emergency and Trauma Surgery department, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Jeffry L. Kashuk
- General Surgery department, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- General, Emergency and Trauma Surgery dept., Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Coccolini F, Biffl W, Catena F, Ceresoli M, Chiara O, Cimbanassi S, Fattori L, Leppaniemi A, Manfredi R, Montori G, Pesenti G, Sugrue M, Ansaloni L. The open abdomen, indications, management and definitive closure. World J Emerg Surg 2015; 10:32. [PMID: 26213565 PMCID: PMC4515003 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-015-0026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The indications for Open Abdomen (OA) are generally all those situations in which is ongoing the development an intra-abdominal hypertension condition (IAH), in order to prevent the development of abdominal compartmental syndrome (ACS). In fact all those involved in care of a critically ill patient should in the first instance think how to prevent IAH and ACS. In case of ACS goal directed therapy to achieve early opening and early closure is the key: paradigm of closure shifts to combination of therapies including negative pressure wound therapy and dynamic closure, in order to reduce complications and avoid incisional hernia. There have been huge studies and progress in survival of critically ill trauma and septic surgical patients: this in part has been through the great work of pioneers, scientific societies and their guidelines; however future studies and continued innovation are needed to better understand optimal treatment strategies and to define more clearly the indications, because OA by itself is still a morbid procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Coccolini
- />General Surgery Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Fausto Catena
- />General surgery Department, Ospedale Maggiore, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Ceresoli
- />General Surgery Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Chiara
- />Niguarda Trauma Center, Ospedale Niguarda Ca’Granda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luca Fattori
- />Unità Operativa di Chirurgia d’Urgenza, Azienda Ospedaliera “San Gerardo”, Monza, Italy
| | - Ari Leppaniemi
- />Department of Abdominal Surgery, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Roberto Manfredi
- />General Surgery Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulia Montori
- />General Surgery Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pesenti
- />Unità Operativa di Chirurgia d’Urgenza, Azienda Ospedaliera “San Gerardo”, Monza, Italy
| | - Michael Sugrue
- />Letterkenny Hospital and the Donegal Clinical Research Academy, Donegal, Ireland
- />University College Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Luca Ansaloni
- />General Surgery Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127 Bergamo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Basu A, Pai DR. Early elevation of intra-abdominal pressure after laparotomy for secondary peritonitis: a predictor of relaparotomy? World J Surg 2009; 32:1851-6. [PMID: 18488267 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-008-9605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with secondary peritonitis often require relaparotomy; however, there is no consensus about the criteria for selecting patients who would benefit from early relaparotomy. Our goal was to evaluate whether elevated intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) during the early postoperative period could predict the need for relaparotomy. METHODS A total of 102 consecutive adult patients with acute intra-abdominal conditions were admitted for laparotomy. Seventy-eight patients, who were diagnosed with secondary peritonitis at index surgery, underwent serial measurements of IAP. The primary outcomes measured in the study were incidence of postoperative peritonitis and mortality. RESULTS Thirty-two of 78 patients with secondary peritonitis (41%) developed elevated IAP postoperatively. Sixteen (20.5%) of 78 patients developed postoperative peritonitis. Twelve of these 16 patients (75%) with postoperative peritonitis had significantly elevated IAP (P = 0.002) during the immediate postoperative period. Regression analysis revealed elevated IAP (P = 0.055) to be third most predictive of postoperative peritonitis in patients who underwent laparotomy for secondary peritonitis, after septic shock at admission (P = 0.012) and POSSUM score (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION Our study shows that development of elevated IAP during the early postoperative period can increase the risk of postoperative peritonitis. IAP measured during the immediate postoperative period can be used as a predictor of early relaparotomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adhish Basu
- Department of Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|