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Cometta S, Jones RT, Juárez-Saldivar A, Donose BC, Yasir M, Bock N, Dargaville TR, Bertling K, Brünig M, Rakić AD, Willcox M, Hutmacher DW. Melimine-Modified 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for the Prevention of Biofilm-Related Biomaterial Infections. ACS NANO 2022; 16:16497-16512. [PMID: 36245096 PMCID: PMC9620410 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial-associated infections are one of the major causes of implant failure. These infections result from persistent bacteria that have adhered to the biomaterial surface before, during, or after surgery and have formed a biofilm on the implant's surface. It is estimated that 4 to 10% of implant surfaces are contaminated with bacteria; however, the infection rate can be as high as 30% in intensive care units in developed countries and as high as 45% in developing countries. To date, there is no clinical solution to prevent implant infection without relying on the use of high doses of antibiotics supplied systemically and/or removal of the infected device. In this study, melimine, a chimeric cationic peptide that has been tested in Phase I and II human clinical trials, was immobilized onto the surface of 3D-printed medical-grade polycaprolactone (mPCL) scaffolds via covalent binding and adsorption. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) spectra of melimine-treated surfaces confirmed immobilization of the peptide, as well as its homogeneous distribution throughout the scaffold surface. Amino acid analysis showed that melimine covalent and noncovalent immobilization resulted in a peptide density of ∼156 and ∼533 ng/cm2, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the immobilization of melimine on mPCL scaffolds by 1-ethyl-3-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl] carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) coupling and noncovalent interactions resulted in a reduction of Staphylococcus aureus colonization by 78.7% and 76.0%, respectively, in comparison with the nonmodified control specimens. Particularly, the modified surfaces maintained their antibacterial properties for 3 days, which resulted in the inhibition of biofilm formation in vitro. This system offers a biomaterial strategy to effectively prevent biofilm-related infections on implant surfaces without relying on the use of prophylactic antibiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cometta
- Faculty
of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling
and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland
University of Technology, Kelvin
Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
- Max
Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University
of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Robert T. Jones
- Central
Analytical Research Facility (CARF), Queensland
University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Centre
for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Alfredo Juárez-Saldivar
- Unidad Académica
Multidisciplinaria Reynosa Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Reynosa 88740, Mexico
| | - Bogdan C. Donose
- School
of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- School
of Optometry and Vision Science, University
of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia
| | - Nathalie Bock
- Australian
Research Council Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling
and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland
University of Technology, Kelvin
Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
- Max
Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University
of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Faculty
of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Translational Research
Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Tim R. Dargaville
- Centre
for Materials Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Karl Bertling
- School
of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Michael Brünig
- School
of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Aleksandar D. Rakić
- School
of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mark Willcox
- School
of Optometry and Vision Science, University
of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia
| | - Dietmar W. Hutmacher
- Faculty
of Engineering, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Training Centre for Multiscale 3D Imaging, Modelling
and Manufacturing (M3D Innovation), Queensland
University of Technology, Kelvin
Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
- Max
Planck Queensland Centre, Queensland University
of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Translational Research
Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Industrial Transformation Training Centre in Additive
Biomanufacturing, Queensland University
of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- Australian
Research Council Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
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Del Tacca M, Pasqualetti G, Di Paolo A, Virdis A, Massimetti G, Gori G, Versari D, Taddei S, Blandizzi C. Lack of pharmacokinetic bioequivalence between generic and branded amoxicillin formulations. A post-marketing clinical study on healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2010; 68:34-42. [PMID: 19660001 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03399.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS There are concerns about the quality of generic drugs in the postmarketing setting. The aim was to establish whether two generic formulations of amoxicillin, available on the Italian market, fulfil the criteria for clinical pharmacokinetic bioequivalence vs. the branded drug. METHODS Two generic amoxicillin products (generic A and B) were selected among four fast-release tablet formulations available on the Italian market. Twenty-four healthy adult volunteers of either sex participated to a single-dose, randomized, three-treatment, crossover, single-blind bioequivalence study designed to compare generic A and B with branded amoxicillin. Plasma samples were collected at preset times for 24 h after dosing, and assayed for amoxicillin levels by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Ninety percent confidence intervals of AUC ratios were 0.8238, 1.0502 (ratio 0.9302) and 0.8116, 1.1007 (ratio 0.9452) for generic A and B vs. branded amoxicillin, respectively. Ninety percent confidence intervals of C(max) ratios were 0.7921, 1.0134 (ratio 0.8960) and 0.8246, 1.1199 (ratio 0.9610) for generic A and B vs. branded amoxicillin, respectively. The mean pharmacokinetic profiles showed that the AUC value of branded amoxicillin was 8.5 and 5.4% greater than that estimated for generic A and B, respectively. Few adverse events were recorded; these were not serious and occurred without apparent relationship to any specific amoxicillin formulation. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that one of the two marketed amoxicillin generics analysed in the present study is not bioequivalent to the brand leader product for C(max) on the basis of single-dose pharmacokinetic assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Del Tacca
- Clinical Pharmacology Centre for Drug Experimentation, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
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