Evaluation of the trypanocidal, cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of styrylquinoline analogs

Synthesis and evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo antitrypanosomal activity of 2-styrylquinolines

In this study, we report the synthesis and evaluation of in vitro and in vivo antitrypanosomal activity of styrylquinoline-like compounds (SQ) 3a-h. Synthesis was carried out by using quinaldine and 8- hydroxyquinaldine with a variety of aromatic aldehydes. The structure of SQs was corroborated by one and two-dimension NMR spectroscopy. In vitro antitrypanosomal activity on T. cruzi Talahuen strain was evaluated using β-galactosidase enzymatic method; cytotoxicity on U-937 cells was assessed by using MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] method. On the other hand, in vivo therapeutical response to 3a-f compounds was evaluated in BALB/c mice (Mus musculus) experimentally infected with T. cruzi blood trypomastigotes and then orally administered with 100 mg/kg weight day for 20 days. All of the compounds showed in vitro activity with EC₅₀ values ranging between 4.6 ± 0.1 μg/mL (14.4 μM) and 36.6 ± 6.1 μg/mL (91 μM). Furthermore, treatment with 3a-f compounds for 20 days resulted in improvement in all of the mice, with a 83–96% decrease in parasitic load at day 90 post-treatment. Treatment with benznidazol (BZ) managed to cure 100% of the mice at the end of treatment. None of the treatments affected the weight of the animals or alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels in serum. These results suggest a therapeutic potential of 3a-f compounds as treatment for the infection.

Styrylquinoline – A Versatile Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry

Background: :

Styrylquinolines are characteristic fully aromatic compounds with flat, rather lipophilic structures. The first reports on their synthesis and biological activity were published roughly a century ago. However, their low selectivity, unfavorable toxicity and problems with their mechanism of action significantly hampered their development. As a result, they have been abandoned for most of the time since they were discovered.

Objective: :

Their renaissance was observed by the antiretroviral activity of several styrylquinoline derivatives that have been reported to be HIV integrase inhibitors. Subsequently, other activities such as their antifungal and anticancer abilities have also been revisited.

Methods:

In the present review, the spectrum of the activity of styrylquinolines and their use in drug design is presented and analyzed.

Results:

New properties and applications that were reported recently have re-established styrylquinolines within medicinal and material chemistry. The considerable increase in the number of published papers regarding their activity spectrum will ensure further discoveries in the field.

Conclusions:

Styrylquinolines have earned a much stronger position in medicinal chemistry due to the discovery of their new activities, profound mechanisms of action and as drug candidates in clinical trials.