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Dinh-Dang D, Khafagy A, Krause N, Harris-Adamson C. Assessment of cardiovascular load among hotel room cleaners. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 106:103886. [PMID: 36162273 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hotel room cleaners are a vulnerable population at risk for cardiovascular disease. To evaluate their workload heart rate (HR), % heart rate reserve (%HRR), blood pressure (BP), metabolic equivalent (MET), and energy expenditure (EE) were measured over two workdays and two off-workdays. The mean age was 45.5 (SD 8.2) years with a mean 10.4 (SD 7.8) years of work experience. Mean average and peak HR, %HRR, MET, and EE were significantly higher during a workday than an off-workday for the entire work shift, first and last hour of work. Mean average HR and %HRR saw the largest increase between the lunch and post-lunch interim. One-fourth of subjects exceeded the recommended 30% HRR threshold for 8-hour shifts. Some workers experienced a substantial increase in HR and DBP over a workday indicating physiologic fatigue and thus may be at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and premature death due to excessive physical work demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duyen Dinh-Dang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Abdullah Khafagy
- Department of Community Medicine and Pilgrims Health Care, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Niklas Krause
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carisa Harris-Adamson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Galmes-Panades AM, Abbate M, Bennasar-Veny M, López-González AA, Vicente-Herrero MT, Busquets-Cortés C, Leiva A, Yañez AM. Occupational and Leisure Physical Activity on Cardiovascular Risk and Body Composition Among Courier Workers. Biol Res Nurs 2022; 24:560-572. [PMID: 35613699 DOI: 10.1177/10998004221105535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is some controversy about the beneficial effects of occupational physical activity (OPA) on cardiovascular risk (CVR). The main aim of this study was to explore the effect of the combination of different frequencies of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and two types of OPA on CVR and body composition, and whether the association between physical activity (PA) and CVR was mediated by visceral adipose tissue (VAT). METHODS This cross-sectional study included data from 2516 couriers living in Spain, delivering either by motorbike or foot, and practicing LTPA never, occasionally, or regularly. Couriers were classified into six categories according to LTPA and OPA; body composition was assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance, and CVR by the Framingham equation. General linear models were performed to explore the association between different categories with each outcome (CVR and body composition) and the possible role of VAT as a mediator between PA and CVR. RESULTS Compared with the most sedentary group (motorbike couriers that never practice PA), walking couriers who practice regular PA presented the lowest CVR [β -1.58 (95% CI -2.31; -0.85)] and the lowest VAT [β -2.86 (95% CI -3.74; -1.98) followed by the motorbike couriers who practiced regular PA [β -0.51 (95% CI -1.00; -0.03) for CVR and β -2.33 (95% CI -2.91; -1.75) for VAT]. The association between PA and CVR was partially mediated by VAT. CONCLUSION The present results indicated that both OPA and LTPA are protective factors for CVR and play an important role on VAT accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Maria Galmes-Panades
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.,Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), 219656Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), Palma, Spain
| | - Manuela Abbate
- Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle (EVES), 219656Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), Palma, Spain
| | - Miquel Bennasar-Veny
- Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle (EVES), 219656Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), Palma, Spain.,Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, 16745Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.,CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 117368Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Arturo López-González
- Prevention of Occupational Risks in Health Services, 88144Balearic Islands Health Service, Palma, Spain.,Escuela Universitaria ADEMA, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (IUNICS), 16745Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
| | | | - Carla Busquets-Cortés
- Escuela Universitaria ADEMA, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain.,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (IUNICS), 16745Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
| | - Alfonso Leiva
- Primary Care Research Unit of Mallorca, 88144Balearic Islands Health Services (IbSalut), Palma, Spain.,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Palma, Spain
| | - Aina María Yañez
- Research Group on Global Health and Lifestyle (EVES), 219656Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases (HUSE), Palma, Spain.,Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, 16745Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.,Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Palma, Spain
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Sotrate Gonçalves J, de Oliveira Sato T. Factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and heart rate variability among cleaners - cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:774. [PMID: 32448172 PMCID: PMC7247127 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The professionals who perform cleaning activity constitute a major economic sector in Brazil. Cleaners may develop health problems related to the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. It is necessary to understand the working and health conditions of cleaners in Brazil. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and heart rate variability (HRV) among cleaners. METHODS A cross-sectional study conducted at a public higher education institution with 45 outsourced cleaners following approval from the institutional ethics committee. The participants answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic, occupational and health data, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, the Physical Activity Questionnaire (work and leisure) and the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. Clinical data (height, body mass, waist-to-hip ratio and blood pressure) and heart rate variability (HRV) were also collected. Logistic and linear regression models were created to identify factors associated with symptoms and HRV. RESULTS The sample consisted of women (100%) predominantly older than 50 years of age (44%), without a conjugal life (64%), with three or more children (59%), low educational level (58%) and who worked less than 12 months at the company (87%). Systemic arterial hypertension (23%) was the most reported health problem. The highest frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms was identified in the lower limbs (ankles/feet: 31% in the previous 12 months and 24% in the previous 7 days; knees: 31% in the previous 12 months and 20% in the previous 7 days). Moreover, the workers reported not practicing physical activity during leisure time (84%). Psychosocial aspects indicated health risks for the dimensions "influence at work" (74%), "burnout" (59%) and "stress" (52%). Associations were found between ankle/foot symptoms and body mass index, shoulder symptoms and predictability, and knee symptoms and self-rated health and burnout. HRV indices were associated with age. CONCLUSIONS This study outlined the profile of female cleaners and identified risk factors. The workers exhibited musculoskeletal symptoms, which were associated with the body mass index and some psychosocial factors. HRV indices were associated with age. Thus, health promotion and prevention measures should be taken to benefit this population of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiane Sotrate Gonçalves
- Physical Therapy Department, Laboratory of Preventive Physical Therapy and Ergonomics (LAFIPE), Physical Therapy Postgraduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Tatiana de Oliveira Sato
- Physical Therapy Department, Laboratory of Preventive Physical Therapy and Ergonomics (LAFIPE), Physical Therapy Postgraduate Program, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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Lund Rasmussen C, Nielsen L, Linander Henriksen M, Søgaard K, Krustrup P, Holtermann A, Korshøj M. Acute effect on ambulatory blood pressure from aerobic exercise: a randomised cross-over study among female cleaners. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 118:331-338. [PMID: 29209783 PMCID: PMC5767212 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-017-3773-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose High occupational physical activity (OPA) is shown to increase the risk for elevated blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases and mortality. Conversely, aerobic exercise acutely lowers the blood pressure up to 25 h post exercise. However, it is unknown if this beneficial effect also apply for workers exposed to high levels of OPA. Cleaners constitute a relevant occupational group for this investigation because of a high prevalence of OPA and cardiovascular disease. Accordingly, the objective was to investigate the acute effects on ambulatory blood pressure from a single aerobic exercise session among female cleaners. Methods Twenty-two female cleaners were randomised to a cross-over study with a reference and an aerobic exercise session. Differences in 24-h, work hours, leisure time, and sleep ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) were evaluated using repeated measure 2 × 2 mixed-models. Results After the aerobic exercise session, the 24-h systolic ambulatory blood pressure was significantly lowered by 2.4 mmHg (p < 0.01) compared to the reference session. The 24-h diastolic ABP was unaltered. During work hours, a lowered systolic ABP of 2.2 mmHg (p = 0.02) and a higher diastolic ABP of 1.5 mmHg (p = 0.03) were found after the aerobic exercise session. During leisure time, the systolic ABP was lowered by 1.7 mmHg (p = 0.04) and the diastolic ABP was unaltered. During sleep, the systolic and diastolic ABP was unaltered. Conclusion A single aerobic exercise session lowered 24-h systolic ABP of 2.4 mmHg. Thus, an aerobic exercise session seems to be beneficial for lowering the risk of hypertension among cleaners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Lund Rasmussen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | - Karen Søgaard
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Odense, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Van den Borre L, Deboosere P. Health risks in the cleaning industry: a Belgian census-linked mortality study (1991–2011). Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2017; 91:13-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-017-1252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Korshøj M, Krause N, Clays E, Søgaard K, Krustrup P, Holtermann A. Does Aerobic Exercise Increase 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Among Workers With High Occupational Physical Activity?-A RCT. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:444-450. [PMID: 28203695 PMCID: PMC5861546 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpw197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High occupational physical activity (OPA) increases cardiovascular risk and aerobic exercise has been recommended for reducing this risk. This paper investigates the effects of an aerobic exercise intervention on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) among cleaners with high OPA. METHODS Hundred and sixteen cleaners between 18 and 65 years were randomized. During the 4-month intervention period, the aerobic exercise group (AE) (n = 57) performed worksite aerobic exercise (2 × 30 minutes/week), while the reference group (REF) (n = 59) attended lectures. Between-group differences in 4-month ABP changes were evaluated by intention-to-treat analysis using a repeated-measure 2 × 2 multiadjusted mixed-models design. RESULTS Relative to REF, 24-hour ABP significantly increased in AE: systolic 3.6 mm Hg (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6-5.7) and diastolic 2.3 mm Hg (95% CI 0.9-3.8). Cleaners with high aerobic workload exhibited particularly high 24-hour ABP increases: systolic 6.0 mm Hg (95% CI 2.4-9.6), and diastolic 3.8 mm Hg (95% CI 1.3-6.4). CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise increased 24-hour ABP among cleaners. This adverse effect raises questions about the safety and intended benefits of aerobic exercise, especially among workers with high OPA and a demanding aerobic workload. http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN86682076. Unique identifier ISRCTN86682076. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial Number ISRCTN86682076.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklas Krause
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, Southern California NIOSH Education and Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, US
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, Southern California NIOSH Education and Research Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, US
| | - Els Clays
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern, Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern, Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern, Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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7
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Effect of an aerobic exercise intervention on cardiac autonomic regulation: A worksite RCT among cleaners. Physiol Behav 2017; 169:90-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Korshøj M, Lidegaard M, Krustrup P, Jørgensen MB, Søgaard K, Holtermann A. Long Term Effects on Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease after 12-Months of Aerobic Exercise Intervention - A Worksite RCT among Cleaners. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158547. [PMID: 27513932 PMCID: PMC4981369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Occupational groups exposed to high occupational physical activity have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This may be explained by the high relative aerobic workload. Enhanced cardiorespiratory fitness reduces the relative aerobic workload. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the 12-months effects of worksite aerobic exercise on risk factors for CVD among cleaners. Methods One hundred and sixteen cleaners aged 18–65 years were randomized to a group performing aerobic exercise and a reference group receiving lectures. Outcomes were collected at baseline and after 12-months. A repeated measures 2×2 multi-adjusted mixed-model design was applied to compare the between-group differences using intention-to-treat analysis. Results Between-group differences (p<0.05) were found favouring the aerobic exercise group: cardiorespiratory fitness 2.15 (SE 1.03) mlO2/min/kg, aerobic workload -2.15 (SE 1.06) %HRR, resting HR -5.31 (SE 1.61) beats/min, high sensitive C-reactive protein -0.65 (SE 0.24) μg/ml. The blood pressure was unaltered. Stratified analyses on relative aerobic workload at baseline revealed that those with relative aerobic workloads ≥30% of HRR seems to impose a notable adverse effect on resting and ambulatory blood pressure. Conclusion This long-term worksite aerobic exercise intervention among cleaners led to several beneficial effects, but also potential adverse effects among those with high relative aerobic workloads. Trial Registration Controlled-Trials.com ISRCTN86682076
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Mark Lidegaard
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, St. Luke's Campus, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Birk Jørgensen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
- Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
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Korshøj M, Ravn MH, Holtermann A, Hansen ÅM, Krustrup P. Aerobic exercise reduces biomarkers related to cardiovascular risk among cleaners: effects of a worksite intervention RCT. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2015; 89:239-49. [PMID: 26139093 PMCID: PMC4724374 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-015-1067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Blue-collar workers have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Accordingly, elevated levels of biomarkers related to risk of cardiovascular disease, such as high-sensitive C-reactive protein, have been observed among blue-collar workers. The objective was to examine whether an aerobic exercise worksite intervention changes the level of inflammation biomarkers among cleaners. Methods The design was a cluster-randomized controlled trial with 4-month worksite intervention. Before the 116 cleaners aged 18–65 years were randomized, they signed an informed consent form. The reference group (n = 59) received lectures, and the aerobic exercise group (n = 57) performed worksite aerobic exercise (30 min twice a week). Levels of biomarkers (high-sensitive C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride) were collected at baseline and after 4 months. A repeated-measure, multi-adjusted, mixed-model intention-to-treat analysis was applied to compare between-group differences. The study was registered as ISRCTN86682076. Results Significant (p < 0.05) between-group reductions from baseline to follow-up were found for high-sensitive C-reactive protein (−0.54 ± 0.20 µg/ml; 95 % CI −0.94, −0.14), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.32 ± 0.11 mmol/L; 95 % CI −0.54, −0.10) and the ratios of LDL/HDL (−0.30 ± 0.08; 95 % CI −0.46, −0.14), and LDL/TC cholesterol (−0.04 ± 0.02; 95 % CI −0.07, −0.01). Conclusion This study indicates that an aerobic exercise intervention among cleaners leads to reduced levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and an unaltered level of fibrinogen. The aerobic exercise seems to improve inflammatory levels and lipoprotein profile among cleaners, with no signs of cardiovascular overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. .,Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark.
| | - Marie Højbjerg Ravn
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Åse Marie Hansen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Copenhagen K, 1014, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Allé 51, Copenhagen N, 2200, Denmark.,Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter, UK
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Korshøj M, Krustrup P, Jespersen T, Søgaard K, Skotte JH, Holtermann A. A 24-h assessment of physical activity and cardio-respiratory fitness among female hospital cleaners: a pilot study. ERGONOMICS 2013; 56:935-943. [PMID: 23586528 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2013.782427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of methods for objective 24-h sampling of physical activity among cleaners. Twenty cleaners participated in three 24-h measurements. Amount of steps, heart rate (HR), cardio-respiratory fitness, body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were measured. The methods were feasible for the objective 24-h sampling of physical activity and cardio-respiratory fitness among cleaners. Measurements showed that the cleaners walked 20,198 ± 4,627 steps per day. During working hours, the average cardio-respiratory load was 25 ± 6% of heart rate reserve (HRR). The cleaners had a low estimated cardio-respiratory fitness (34 mlO2/kg/min), a high BMI (50%, >25 kg/m(2)) and blood pressure (50%, >120/>80 mmHg). The high amount of steps, the relatively high cardiovascular load at work and low cardio-respiratory fitness illustrate the need for further investigation of the relationship between physical activity at work and in leisure, and cardiovascular health in this population. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY This study evaluated the feasibility of methods for objective 24-h sampling of physical activity among cleaners; the methods used were found to be feasible. The cleaners had a high cardiovascular load at work and low cardio-respiratory fitness, suggesting that there is a need for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Korshøj
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Korshøj M, Krustrup P, Jørgensen MB, Prescott E, Hansen ÅM, Kristiansen J, Skotte JH, Mortensen OS, Søgaard K, Holtermann A. Cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular workload and risk factors among cleaners; a cluster randomized worksite intervention. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:645. [PMID: 22888833 PMCID: PMC3490923 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors is unevenly distributed among occupational groups. The working environment, as well as lifestyle and socioeconomic status contribute to the disparity and variation in prevalence of these risk factors. High physical work demands have been shown to increase the risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality, contrary to leisure time physical activity. High physical work demands in combination with a low cardiorespiratory fitness infer a high relative workload and an excessive risk for cardiovascular mortality. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine whether a worksite aerobic exercise intervention will reduce the relative workload and cardiovascular risk factors by an increased cardiorespiratory fitness. Methods/design A cluster-randomized controlled trial is performed to evaluate the effect of the worksite aerobic exercise intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors among cleaners. Cleaners are eligible if they are employed ≥ 20 hours/week, at one of the enrolled companies. In the randomization, strata are formed according to the manager the participant reports to. The clusters will be balanced on the following criteria: Geographical work location, gender, age and seniority. Cleaners are randomized to either I) a reference group, receiving lectures concerning healthy living, or II) an intervention group, performing worksite aerobic exercise “60 min per week”. Data collection will be conducted at baseline, four months and 12 months after baseline, at the worksite during working hours. The data collection will consist of a questionnaire-based interview, physiological testing of health and capacity-related measures, and objective diurnal measures of heart rate, physical activity and blood pressure. Primary outcome is cardiorespiratory fitness. Discussion Information is lacking about whether an improved cardiorespiratory fitness will affect the cardiovascular health, and additionally decrease the objectively measured relative workload, in a population with high physical work demands. Previous intervention studies have lacked robust objective measurements of the relative workload and physical work demands. This study will monitor the relative workload and general physical activity before, during after the intervention, and contribute to the understanding of the previously observed opposing effects on cardiovascular health and mortality from occupational and leisure time physical activity. Trial registration The study is registered as ISRCTN86682076.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Rasmussen CDN, Jørgensen MB, Carneiro IG, Flyvholm MA, Olesen K, Søgaard K, Holtermann A. Participation of Danish and immigrant cleaners in a 1-year worksite intervention preventing physical deterioration. ERGONOMICS 2011; 55:256-264. [PMID: 21846286 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2011.592651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Worksite health promotion is seldom offered to workers who are low-educated and multi-ethnic, possibly due to an assumption that they are more reluctant to participate. Furthermore, little has been done to promote health at female-dominated workplaces. The main aim of this study was to investigate differences in participation among immigrant and Danish cleaners throughout a 1-year randomised controlled study tailored to cleaners and carried out in predominantly female workplaces. No significant differences in ethnicity were found in consent and participation throughout the 1-year intervention. Dropout was equally distributed among Danish and immigrant cleaners. This study indicates that a worksite health promotion intervention among a female-dominated, high-risk occupation such as cleaning can be equally appealing for Danes and immigrants. PRACTITIONER SUMMARY This study provides insight about participation of Danish and immigrant cleaners in a worksite health promotion intervention in a predominantly female occupation. For attaining high participation and low dropout in future worksite health promotion interventions among cleaners, the intervention ought to not only target the ethnic background of the workers, but also to be specifically tailored to the job group.
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Jørgensen MB, Rasmussen CDN, Ekner D, Søgaard K. Successful reach and adoption of a workplace health promotion RCT targeting a group of high-risk workers. BMC Med Res Methodol 2010; 10:56. [PMID: 20546592 PMCID: PMC2895606 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-10-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cleaners are rarely introduced to workplace health promotion programs. The study's objective was to evaluate the reach and adoption of a workplace randomized controlled trial (RCT) among cleaners in Denmark. Methods Cleaning businesses with at least 30 employees, that could offer a weekly 1-hour intervention during working hours, were invited to participate. Employees working at least 20 hours/week were invited to answer a screening questionnaire and consent to participate. Analyses determined the differences in health variables between responders and non-responders, consenters and non-consenters, participants and non-participants and between participants of the RCT's three groups: physical coordination training, cognitive-behavioural theory-based training and reference group. Results From 16 eligible workplaces, a representative sample of 50% adopted the trial. Of 758 eligible employees, 78% responded to the screening questionnaire and 49% consented to participate. Consenters and participants differed from non-consenters and non-participants by having higher BMI, more chronic diseases and poorer musculoskeletal health. Conclusions This study indicates that workplace health promotion programs directed at health risk factors among cleaners enable significant adoption and reach to a high-risk subgroup of the Danish workforce. Trial registration Trial registration ISRCTN96241850
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie B Jørgensen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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