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Song G, Wang R, Cui Y, Hao CJ, Xia HF, Ma X. Oxidative stress response associates with the teratogenic effects of benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP). Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:222-229. [PMID: 32670553 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) is a persistent environmental pollutant. BBP exposure and the possible effects on human neural tube defects (NTDs) remain elusive. In this study, we found that the detection ratio of positive BBP and its metabolites in maternal urine was obviously higher in NTDs' population than that in normal controls by GC-MS (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). Animal experiments showed that BBP treatment induced developmental toxicity in chick embryo by enhancing the levels of oxidative stress and cell apoptosis (P < 0.01). More interestingly, the supplement of high-dose choline (CHO, 10 5 μg/mL) could partially restore the teratogenic effects of BBP by inhibiting the occurrence of oxidative stress. Our data collectively suggest that BBP exposure may disturb neural tube development by strengthening oxidative stress. CHO can partially restore the toxicity effects of BBP. This study may provide new insight for NTD prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Song
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, First medical center, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yi Cui
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chan Juan Hao
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Fei Xia
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Reproductive and Genetic Center of National Research Institute for Family Planning, Beijing, 100081, China.,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Peyvandi S, Baer RJ, Chambers CD, Norton ME, Rajagopal S, Ryckman KK, Moon-Grady A, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL, Steurer MA. Environmental and Socioeconomic Factors Influence the Live-Born Incidence of Congenital Heart Disease: A Population-Based Study in California. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015255. [PMID: 32306820 PMCID: PMC7428546 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of congenital heart disease (CHD) is multifactorial with genetic and environmental influences. We sought to determine the relationship between socioeconomic and environmental factors with the incidence of CHD among live‐born infants in California and to determine whether maternal comorbidities are in the causal pathway. METHODS AND RESULTS This was a population‐based cohort study in California (2007–2012). The primary outcome was having significant CHD. Predictors included socioeconomic status and environmental exposure to pollutants determined by U.S. Census data. A social deprivation index and environmental exposure index was assigned based on neighborhood socioeconomic variables, categorized into 4 quartiles. Quartile 1 was the best with the least exposure to pollutants and social deprivation, and quartile 4 was the worst. Multivariate logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed. Among 2 419 651 live‐born infants, the incidence of CHD was 3.2 per 1000 live births. The incidence of CHD was significantly higher among those in quartile 4 compared with quartile 1 (social deprivation index: 0.35% versus 0.29%; odds ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% CI, 1.21–1.41; environmental exposure index: 0.35% versus 0.29%; OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.15–1.31) after adjusting for maternal race/ethnicity and age and accounting for the relationship between the 2 primary predictors. Maternal comorbidities explained 13% (95% CI, 10%–20%) of the relationship between social deprivation index and environmental exposure index with the incidence of CHD. CONCLUSIONS Increased social deprivation and exposure to environmental pollutants are associated with the incidence of live‐born CHD in California. Maternal comorbidities explain some, but not all, of this relationship. These findings identify targets for social policy initiatives to minimize health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Peyvandi
- Division of Cardiology Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA
| | - Rebecca J Baer
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA.,California Preterm Birth Initiative University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA.,Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diego La Jolla CA
| | | | - Mary E Norton
- Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA
| | - Satish Rajagopal
- Division of Critical Care University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA
| | - Kelli K Ryckman
- Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health University of Iowa Iowa City IA
| | - Anita Moon-Grady
- Division of Cardiology Department of Pediatrics University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA
| | - Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA.,California Preterm Birth Initiative University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA
| | - Martina A Steurer
- Division of Critical Care University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA.,California Preterm Birth Initiative University of California San Francisco Benioff Children's Hospital San Francisco CA
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3
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Brender JD, Shinde MU, Zhan FB, Gong X, Langlois PH. Maternal residential proximity to chlorinated solvent emissions and birth defects in offspring: a case-control study. Environ Health 2014; 13:96. [PMID: 25406847 PMCID: PMC4247650 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-13-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have noted an association between maternal occupational exposures to chlorinated solvents and birth defects in offspring, but data are lacking on the potential impact of industrial air emissions of these solvents on birth defects. METHODS With data from the Texas Birth Defects Registry for births occurring in 1996-2008, we examined the relation between maternal residential proximity to industrial air releases of chlorinated solvents and birth defects in offspring of 60,613 case-mothers and 244,927 control-mothers. Maternal residential exposures to solvent emissions were estimated with metrics that took into account residential distances to industrial sources and annual amounts of chemicals released. Logistic regression was used to generate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the associations between residential proximity to emissions of 14 chlorinated solvents and selected birth defects, including neural tube, oral cleft, limb deficiency, and congenital heart defects. All risk estimates were adjusted for year of delivery and maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, and public health region of residence. RESULTS Relative to exposure risk values of 0, neural tube defects were associated with maternal residential exposures (exposure risk values >0) to several types of chlorinated solvents, most notably carbon tetrachloride (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09, 1.86); chloroform (aOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.04, 1.87); ethyl chloride (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.08, 1.79); 1,1,2-trichloroethane (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.11, 2.18); and 1,2,3-trichloropropane (aOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.08, 2.06). Significant associations were also noted between a few chlorinated solvents and oral cleft, limb deficiency, and congenital heart defects. We observed stronger associations between some emissions and neural tube, oral cleft, and heart defects in offspring of mothers 35 years or older, such as spina bifida with carbon tetrachloride (aOR 2.49, 95% CI 1.09, 5.72), cleft palate with 1,2-dichloroethane (aOR 1.93, 95% 1.05, 3.54), cleft lip with or without cleft palate with ethyl chloride (aOR 1.81, 95% CI 1.06, 3.07), and obstructive heart defects with trichloroethylene (aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08, 1.88). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that maternal residential proximity to industrial emissions of chlorinated solvents might be associated with selected birth defects in offspring, especially among older mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean D Brender
- />Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health, College Station, TX 77843-1266 USA
| | - Mayura U Shinde
- />Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health, College Station, TX 77843-1266 USA
| | - F Benjamin Zhan
- />Department of Geography, Texas Center for Geographic Information Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| | - Xi Gong
- />Department of Geography, Texas Center for Geographic Information Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA
| | - Peter H Langlois
- />Texas Department of State Health Services, Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, MC 1964, PO Box 149347, Austin, TX 78714-9347 USA
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Brender JD, Maantay JA, Chakraborty J. Residential proximity to environmental hazards and adverse health outcomes. Am J Public Health 2011; 101 Suppl 1:S37-52. [PMID: 22028451 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2011.300183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
How living near environmental hazards contributes to poorer health and disproportionate health outcomes is an ongoing concern. We conducted a substantive review and critique of the literature regarding residential proximity to environmental hazards and adverse pregnancy outcomes, childhood cancer, cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses, end-stage renal disease, and diabetes. Several studies have found that living near hazardous wastes sites, industrial sites, cropland with pesticide applications, highly trafficked roads, nuclear power plants, and gas stations or repair shops is related to an increased risk of adverse health outcomes. Government agencies should consider these findings in establishing rules and permitting and enforcement procedures to reduce pollution from environmentally burdensome facilities and land uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean D Brender
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, School of Rural Public Health, College Station, Texas 77843-1266, USA.
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Liao Y, Wang J, Li X, Guo Y, Zheng X. Identifying environmental risk factors for human neural tube defects before and after folic acid supplementation. BMC Public Health 2009; 9:391. [PMID: 19835574 PMCID: PMC2770490 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-9-391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Birth defects are a major cause of infant mortality and disability in many parts of the world. Neural tube defects (NTDs) are one of the most common types of birth defects. In 2001, the Chinese population and family planning commission initiated a national intervention program for the prevention of birth defects. A key step in the program was the introduction of folic acid supplementation. Of interest in the present study was to determine whether folic acid supplementation has the same protective effect on NTDs under various geographical and socioeconomic conditions within the Chinese population and the nature in which the influence of environmental factors varied after folic acid supplementation. METHODS In this study, Heshun was selected as the region of interest as a surrogate for helping to answer some of the questions raised in this study on the impact of the intervention program. Spatial filtering in combination with GIS software was used to detect annual potential clusters from 1998 to 2005 in Heshun, and Kruskal-wallis test and multivariate regression were applied to identify the environmental risk factors for NTDs among various regions. RESULTS In 1998, a significant (p < 0.100) NTDs cluster was detected in the west of Heshun. After folic acid supplementation, the significant clusters gradually moved from west to east. However, during the study period, most of the clusters appeared in the middle region of Heshun where more than 95 percent of the coal mines of Heshun are located. For the analysis, buffer regions of the coal mine zone were built in a GIS environment. It was found that the correlations between environmental risk factors and NTDs vary among the buffer regions. CONCLUSION This suggests that the government needs to adapt the intervention measures according to local conditions. More attention needs to be paid to the poor and to people living in areas near coal mines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Liao
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Nature Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, PR China
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Nature Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, PR China
| | - Xinhu Li
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen361003, PR China
| | - Yaoqin Guo
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Nature Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100101, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Zheng
- Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing100871, PR China
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Langlois PH, Brender JD, Suarez L, Zhan FB, Mistry JH, Scheuerle A, Moody K. Maternal residential proximity to waste sites and industrial facilities and conotruncal heart defects in offspring. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2009; 23:321-31. [PMID: 19523079 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2009.01045.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Most studies of the relationship between maternal residential proximity to sources of environmental pollution and congenital cardiovascular malformations have combined heart defects into one group or broad subgroups. The current case-control study examined whether risk of conotruncal heart defects, including subsets of specific defects, was associated with maternal residential proximity to hazardous waste sites and industrial facilities with recorded air emissions. Texas Birth Defects Registry cases were linked to their birth or fetal death certificate. Controls without birth defects were randomly selected from birth certificates. Distances from maternal addresses at delivery to National Priority List (NPL) waste sites, state superfund waste sites, and Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) facilities were determined for 1244 cases (89.5% of those eligible) and 4368 controls (88.0%). Living within 1 mile of a hazardous waste site was not associated with risk of conotruncal heart defects [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.54, 1.27]. This was true whether looking at most types of defects or waste sites. Only truncus arteriosus showed statistically elevated ORs with any waste site (crude OR: 2.80, 95% CI 1.19, 6.54) and with NPL sites (crude OR: 4.63, 95% CI 1.18, 13.15; aOR 4.99, 95% CI 1.26, 14.51), but the latter was based on only four exposed cases. There was minimal association between conotruncal heart defects and proximity to TRI facilities (aOR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.91, 1.33). Stratification by maternal age or race/ethnic group made little difference in effect estimates for waste sites or industrial facilities. In this study population, maternal residential proximity to waste sites or industries with reported air emissions was not associated with conotruncal heart defects or its subtypes in offspring, with the exception of truncus arteriosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Langlois
- Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX 78714-9347, USA.
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7
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Suarez L, Brender JD, Langlois PH, Zhan FB, Moody K. Maternal exposures to hazardous waste sites and industrial facilities and risk of neural tube defects in offspring. Ann Epidemiol 2007; 17:772-7. [PMID: 17689262 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2007] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined the relationship between maternal proximity to hazardous waste sites and industrial facilities and neural tube defect (NTD) risk. METHODS Texas Birth Defects Registry cases were linked with their birth or fetal death certificates; controls (without defects) were randomly selected from birth certificates. Distances from maternal addresses at delivery to National Priority List (NPL) and state superfund sites and Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) facilities were determined for 655 cases and 4368 controls. RESULTS Living within 1 mile of an NPL or state superfund site was not related to NTD risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.0; 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.6, 1.7). Living within 1 mile of a TRI facility carried a slight risk (adjusted OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 1.0, 1.5). The effect was highest among mothers 35 years and older (OR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.4, 5.0) and among non-Hispanic white mothers (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.1, 2.8). CONCLUSIONS Hazardous waste sites posed little risk for NTDs in offspring. Close proximity to industrial facilities with chemical air emissions was associated with NTD risk in some subgroups. Further investigation is needed to determine if the effects are real or due to unresolved confounding or bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucina Suarez
- Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Unit, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX 78756, USA.
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8
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Brender JD, Zhan FB, Langlois PH, Suarez L, Scheuerle A. Residential proximity to waste sites and industrial facilities and chromosomal anomalies in offspring. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2007; 211:50-8. [PMID: 17470415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 11/26/2006] [Accepted: 02/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A few studies have found chromosomal anomalies in offspring associated with a maternal residence near waste sites, but did not examine the effect of living near industrial facilities, and most combined specific anomalies into heterogeneous groups. With a case-control study design, we investigated whether maternal residential proximity to hazardous waste sites or industrial facilities with chemical air emissions was associated with chromosomal anomalies in births. Maternal residences of 2099 Texas births with chromosomal anomalies and 4368 control births without documented malformations were related to boundaries of hazardous waste sites and street addresses of industrial facilities through geographic information systems. With adjustment for maternal age, race/ethnicity, and education, maternal residence within 1mile of a hazardous waste site (relative to farther away) was not associated with chromosomal anomalies in offspring except for Klinefelter variants among Hispanic births (odds ratios (OR) 7.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-42.4). Women 35 years or older who lived within 1mile of industries with emissions of heavy metals were two times more likely (95% CI 1.1-4.1) than women living farther away to have offspring with chromosomal anomalies including trisomies 13, 18, or 21 or sex chromosome abnormalities. Among women 40 years or older, maternal residence within a mile of industries with solvent emissions was associated with chromosomal anomalies in births (OR 4.8, 95% CI 1.2-42.8). Study findings suggest some relation between residential proximity to industries with emissions of solvents or heavy metals and chromosomal anomalies in births to older mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean D Brender
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Rural Public Health, College Station, TX 77843-1266, USA.
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Zhan FB, Brender JD, De Lima I, Suarez L, Langlois PH. Match rate and positional accuracy of two geocoding methods for epidemiologic research. Ann Epidemiol 2006; 16:842-9. [PMID: 17027286 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2006.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study compares the match rate and positional accuracy of two geocoding methods: the popular geocoding tool in ArcGIS 9.1 and the Centrus GeoCoder for ArcGIS. METHODS We first geocoded 11,016 Texas addresses in a case-control study using both methods and obtained the match rate of each method. We then randomly selected 200 addresses from those geocoded by using both methods and obtained geographic coordinates of the 200 addresses by using a global positioning system (GPS) device. Of the 200 addresses, 110 were case maternal residence addresses and 90 were control maternal residence addresses. These GPS-surveyed coordinates were used as the "true" coordinates to calculate positional errors of geocoded locations. We used Wilcoxon signed rank test to evaluate whether differences in positional errors from the two methods were statistically significantly different from zero. In addition, we calculated the sensitivity and specificity of the two methods for classifying maternal addresses within 1500 m of toxic release inventory facilities when distance is used as a proxy of exposure. RESULTS The match rate of the Centrus GeoCoder was more than 10% greater than that of the geocoding tool in ArcGIS 9.1. Positional errors with the Centrus GeoCoder were less than those of the geocoding tool in ArcGIS 9.1, and this difference was statistically significant. Sensitivity and specificity of the two methods are similar. CONCLUSIONS Centrus GeoCoder for ArcGIS for geocoding gives greater match rates than the geocoding tool in ArcGIS 9.1. Although the Centrus GeoCoder has better positional accuracy, both methods give similar results in classifying maternal addresses within 1500 m of toxic release inventory facilities when distance is used as a proxy of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Benjamin Zhan
- Department of Geography, Texas Center for Geographic Information Science, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
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Zhan FB, Brender JD, Han Y, Suarez L, Langlois PH. GIS-EpiLink: A Spatial Search Tool for Linking Environmental and Health Data. J Med Syst 2006; 30:405-12. [PMID: 17069004 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-006-9027-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
One inherent characteristic of both environmental data and health data is that they have a location component. This characteristic makes Geographic Information Systems (GIS) an ideal and sometimes indispensable tool for analyzing environmental and health data. Indeed, the past decade witnessed significant efforts in developing GIS tools for supporting epidemiologic research. Despite these efforts, the availability of accessible GIS tools that can be easily used by epidemiologists to link environmental and health data has remained a problem. We present a simple spatial search tool--GIS-EpiLink--that can be used to link environmental and health data when distance between an environmental site and the location of the maternal address of a case or control is used as a proxy for exposure. The tool was used in a research project and it successfully provided the necessary data for epidemiological analyses. This tool should be very useful to epidemiologists in environmental health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Benjamin Zhan
- Texas Center for Geographic Information Science, Department of Geography, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666, USA.
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