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Di Buduo CA, Lunghi M, Kuzmenko V, Laurent P, Della Rosa G, Del Fante C, Dalle Nogare DE, Jug F, Perotti C, Eto K, Pecci A, Redwan IN, Balduini A. Bioprinting Soft 3D Models of Hematopoiesis using Natural Silk Fibroin-Based Bioink Efficiently Supports Platelet Differentiation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308276. [PMID: 38514919 PMCID: PMC11095152 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) continuously generate platelets throughout one's life. Inherited Platelet Disorders affect ≈ 3 million individuals worldwide and are characterized by defects in platelet formation or function. A critical challenge in the identification of these diseases lies in the absence of models that facilitate the study of hematopoiesis ex vivo. Here, a silk fibroin-based bioink is developed and designed for 3D bioprinting. This bioink replicates a soft and biomimetic environment, enabling the controlled differentiation of HSPCs into platelets. The formulation consisting of silk fibroin, gelatin, and alginate is fine-tuned to obtain a viscoelastic, shear-thinning, thixotropic bioink with the remarkable ability to rapidly recover after bioprinting and provide structural integrity and mechanical stability over long-term culture. Optical transparency allowed for high-resolution imaging of platelet generation, while the incorporation of enzymatic sensors allowed quantitative analysis of glycolytic metabolism during differentiation that is represented through measurable color changes. Bioprinting patient samples revealed a decrease in metabolic activity and platelet production in Inherited Platelet Disorders. These discoveries are instrumental in establishing reference ranges for classification and automating the assessment of treatment responses. This model has far-reaching implications for application in the research of blood-related diseases, prioritizing drug development strategies, and tailoring personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Lunghi
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPavia27100Italy
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Del Fante
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion ServiceI.R.C.C.S. Policlinico S. Matteo FoundationPavia27100Italy
| | | | | | - Cesare Perotti
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion ServiceI.R.C.C.S. Policlinico S. Matteo FoundationPavia27100Italy
| | - Koji Eto
- Department of Clinical ApplicationCenter for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA)Kyoto UniversityKyoto606‐8507Japan
- Department of Regenerative MedicineGraduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChiba260‐8670Japan
| | - Alessandro Pecci
- Department of Internal MedicineI.R.C.C.S. Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation and University of PaviaPavia27100Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular MedicineUniversity of PaviaPavia27100Italy
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
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Zanchetta ME, Barozzi S, Isidori F, Marconi C, Farinasso L, Bottega R, Savoia A, Pecci A, Faleschini M. ACTN1-related thrombocytopenia: Homozygosity for an ACTN1 variant results in a more severe phenotype. Br J Haematol 2024. [PMID: 38594875 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
ACTN1-related thrombocytopenia is a rare disorder caused by heterozygous variants in the ACTN1 gene characterized by macrothrombocytopenia and mild bleeding tendency. We describe for the first time two patients affected with ACTN1-RT caused by a homozygous variant in ACTN1 (c.982G>A) with mild heart valve defects unexplained by any other genetic variants investigated by WES. Within the reported family, the homozygous sisters have moderate thrombocytopenia and marked platelet macrocytosis with giant platelets, revealing a more severe haematological phenotype compared to their heterozygous relatives and highlighting a significant effect of allelic burden on platelet size. Moreover, we hypothesize that some ACTN1 variants, especially when present in the homozygous state, may also contribute to the cardiac abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Barozzi
- Medical Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Isidori
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina Marconi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Loredana Farinasso
- Regina Margherita Children Hospital and University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Bottega
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Anna Savoia
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pecci
- Medical Department, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michela Faleschini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
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An O, Deppermann C. Platelet lifespan and mechanisms for clearance. Curr Opin Hematol 2024; 31:6-15. [PMID: 37905750 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Activated or aged platelets are removed from circulation under (patho)physiologic conditions, the exact mechanism of platelet clearance under such conditions remains unclear and are currently being investigated. This review focuses on recent findings and controversies regarding platelet clearance and the disruption of platelet life cycle. RECENT FINDINGS The platelet life span is determined by glycosylation of platelet surface receptors with sialic acid. Recently, it was shown that platelet activation and granule release leads to desialylation of glycans and accelerated clearance of platelets under pathological conditions. This phenomenon was demonstrated to be a main reason for thrombocytopenia being a complication in several infections and immune disorders. SUMMARY Although we have recently gained some insight into how aged platelets are cleared from circulation, we are still not seeing the full picture. Further investigations of the platelet clearance pathways under pathophysiologic conditions are needed as well as studies to unravel the connection between platelet clearance and platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga An
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
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Marín-Quílez A, Di Buduo CA, Benito R, Balduini A, Rivera J, Bastida JM. GALE variants associated with syndromic manifestations, macrothrombocytopenia, bleeding, and platelet dysfunction. Platelets 2023; 34:2176699. [PMID: 36846897 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2023.2176699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
GALE gene encodes the uridine diphosphate [UDP]-galactose-4-epimerase, which catalyzes the bidirectional interconversion of UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose, and UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine to UDP-N-acetyl-galactosamine. In that way, GALE balances, through reversible epimerization, the pool of four sugars that are essential during the biosynthesis of glycoproteins and glycolipids. GALE-related disorder presents an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, and it is commonly associated with galactosemia. Peripheral galactosemia generally associates with non-generalized forms or even asymptomatic presentations, while classical galactosemia may be related to complications such as learning difficulties, developmental delay, cardiac failure, or dysmorphic features. Recently, GALE variants have been related to severe thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, and in one patient, to myelodysplastic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marín-Quílez
- IBSAL, CIC, IBMCC, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain.,Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Rocío Benito
- IBSAL, CIC, IBMCC, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - José Rivera
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Bastida
- Department of Hematology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (CAUSA), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain
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Boyd EK, Falet H. MAGT1 mutant platelets unveiled. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:3075-3077. [PMID: 37858523 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Boyd
- Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA. https://twitter.com/emily___boyd
| | - Hervé Falet
- Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
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Di Buduo CA, Miguel CP, Balduini A. Inside-to-outside and back to the future of megakaryopoiesis. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100197. [PMID: 37416054 PMCID: PMC10320384 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2023.100197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A State of the Art lecture titled "Megakaryocytes and different thrombopoietic environments" was presented at the ISTH Congress in 2022. Circulating platelets are specialized cells produced by megakaryocytes. Leading studies point to the bone marrow niche as the core of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation, revealing interesting and complex environmental factors for consideration. Megakaryocytes take cues from the physiochemical bone marrow microenvironment, which includes cell-cell interactions, contact with extracellular matrix components, and flow generated by blood circulation in the sinusoidal lumen. Germinal and acquired mutations in hematopoietic stem cells may manifest in altered megakaryocyte maturation, proliferation, and platelet production. Diseased megakaryopoiesis may also cause modifications of the entire hematopoietic niche, highlighting the central role of megakaryocytes in the control of physiologic bone marrow homeostasis. Tissue-engineering approaches have been developed to translate knowledge from in vivo (inside) to functional mimics of native tissue ex vivo (outside). Reproducing the thrombopoietic environment is instrumental to gain new insight into its activity and answering the growing demand for human platelets for fundamental studies and clinical applications. In this review, we discuss the major achievements on this topic, and finally, we summarize relevant new data presented during the 2022 ISTH Congress that pave the road to the future of megakaryopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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Marín-Quílez A, Díaz-Ajenjo L, Di Buduo CA, Zamora-Cánovas A, Lozano ML, Benito R, González-Porras JR, Balduini A, Rivera J, Bastida JM. Inherited Thrombocytopenia Caused by Variants in Crucial Genes for Glycosylation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5109. [PMID: 36982178 PMCID: PMC10049517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation, including sialylation, involves complex and frequent post-translational modifications, which play a critical role in different biological processes. The conjugation of carbohydrate residues to specific molecules and receptors is critical for normal hematopoiesis, as it favors the proliferation and clearance of hematopoietic precursors. Through this mechanism, the circulating platelet count is controlled by the appropriate platelet production by megakaryocytes, and the kinetics of platelet clearance. Platelets have a half-life in blood ranging from 8 to 11 days, after which they lose the final sialic acid and are recognized by receptors in the liver and eliminated from the bloodstream. This favors the transduction of thrombopoietin, which induces megakaryopoiesis to produce new platelets. More than two hundred enzymes are responsible for proper glycosylation and sialylation. In recent years, novel disorders of glycosylation caused by molecular variants in multiple genes have been described. The phenotype of the patients with genetic alterations in GNE, SLC35A1, GALE and B4GALT is consistent with syndromic manifestations, severe inherited thrombocytopenia, and hemorrhagic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marín-Quílez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-U765, 30003 Murcia, Spain
| | - Lorena Díaz-Ajenjo
- IBSAL, CIC, IBMCC, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Ana Zamora-Cánovas
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-U765, 30003 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Luisa Lozano
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-U765, 30003 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rocío Benito
- IBSAL, CIC, IBMCC, Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Porras
- Department of Hematology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (CAUSA), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - José Rivera
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-U765, 30003 Murcia, Spain
| | - José María Bastida
- Department of Hematology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca (CAUSA), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca (USAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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GALE force in platelet production. Blood 2023; 141:330-331. [PMID: 36701170 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022019021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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