Lung cancer in Europe: turning the spotlight on the biggest cancer killer

Down-Regulation of TMPO-AS1 Induces Apoptosis in Lung Carcinoma Cells by Regulating miR-143-3p/CDK1 Axis

Evidence has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play pivotal roles in cancer promotion as well as suppression. But the molecular mechanism of lncRNA TMPO antisense transcript 1 (TMPO-AS1) in lung cancer (LC) remains unclear. This study mainly investigated the effect of TMPO-AS1 in LC treatment. TMPO-AS1 was tested by Kaplan-Meier method. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to assess the expressions of TMPO-AS1, miR-143-3p, and CDK1 respectively in LC tissues and cell lines. TMPO-AS1, miR-143-3p and CDK1 expressions in LC cells were regulated through cell transfection, followed by MTT for cell viability detection. Besides, dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to verify the interrelated microRNA of TMPO-AS1 and the target of miR-143-3p. Western blot experiments were used to examine the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins, and flow cytometry tested the cell apoptosis in treated cells. TMPO-AS1 and CDK1 were overexpressed in LC tissues and cells, while miR-143-3p level was suppressed. The decrease of TMPO-AS1 led to the increase of miR-143-3p, which further resulted in the reduction of CDK1. Down-regulating TMPO-AS1 reduced LC cell viability, motivated cell apoptosis, as well as promoted the expressions of Bcl and CCND1 and restrained Caspase-3 level, but all these consequences were abrogated by miR-143-3p inhibitor. Simultaneously, siCDK1 could reverse the anti-apoptosis and pro-activity functions of miR-143-3p inhibitor in LC cells. Down-regulation of TMPO-AS1 has the effects of pro-apoptosis in LC by manipulating miR-143-3p/CDK1, which is hopeful to be a novel therapy for LC patients.

Smoking pattern and risk of lung cancer among women participating in cancer screening programmes

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to describe the smoking prevalence, the smoking pattern, and the risk of lung cancer among women who participated in a cancer screening (breast, cervical and colorectal) in Spain.

METHODS

We used data from the Spanish National Health Survey of 2011-12, a cross-sectional study of the adult Spanish population from women in the age of participation in the population cancer screening. We used two definitions of the high risk of lung cancer according to the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) criteria and the NELSON criteria.

RESULTS

Participation in screening was 76.6% in breast cancer, 6.6% in colorectal cancer, and 70.3% in cervical cancer. The percentage of current smokers was 17.1 of women who participated breast cancer, 15.4 of women who participated colorectal cancer, and 26.1 of women who participated cervical cancer. According to NLST criteria, the percentage of current smokers women who had a high risk of lung cancer was 23.1 for breast cancer, 23.5 for colorectal cancer and 4.5 for cervical cancer. These figures were higher with the NELSON criteria.

CONCLUSION

At least 250 000 women in Spain have a high risk of lung cancer and are participating in a cancer screening programme. These programmes might be an opportunity for implementing specific interventions aiming to reduce this risk.