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Zheng Y, Karnoub AE. Endocrine regulation of cancer stem cell compartments in breast tumors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 535:111374. [PMID: 34242715 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2021.111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells within breast tumors exist within a hierarchy in which only a small and rare subset of cells is able to regenerate growths with the heterogeneity of the original tumor. These highly malignant cancer cells, which behave like stem cells for new cancers and are called "cancer stem cells" or CSCs, have also been shown to possess increased resistance to therapeutics, and represent the root cause underlying therapy failures, persistence of residual disease, and relapse. As >90% of cancer deaths are due to refractory tumors, identification of critical molecular drivers of the CSC-state would reveal vulnerabilities that can be leveraged in designing therapeutics that eradicate advanced disease and improve patient survival outcomes. An expanding and complex body of work has now described the exquisite susceptibility of CSC pools to the regulatory influences of local and systemic hormones. Indeed, breast CSCs express a plethora of hormonal receptors, which funnel hormonal influences over every aspect of breast neoplasia - be it tumor onset, growth, survival, invasion, metastasis, or therapy resistance - via directly impacting CSC behavior. This article is intended to shed light on this active area of investigation by attempting to provide a systematic and comprehensive overview of the available evidence directly linking hormones to breast CSC biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Zheng
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Antoine E Karnoub
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
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Laranjo M, Carvalho MJ, Costa T, Alves A, Oliveira RC, Casalta-Lopes J, Cordeiro P, Botas F, Abrantes AM, Paiva A, Oliveira C, Botelho MF. Mammospheres of hormonal receptor positive breast cancer diverge to triple-negative phenotype. Breast 2018; 38:22-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Gauck D, Keil S, Niggemann B, Zänker KS, Dittmar T. Hybrid clone cells derived from human breast epithelial cells and human breast cancer cells exhibit properties of cancer stem/initiating cells. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:515. [PMID: 28768501 PMCID: PMC5541689 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological phenomenon of cell fusion has been associated with cancer progression since it was determined that normal cell × tumor cell fusion-derived hybrid cells could exhibit novel properties, such as enhanced metastatogenic capacity or increased drug resistance, and even as a mechanism that could give rise to cancer stem/initiating cells (CS/ICs). CS/ICs have been proposed as cancer cells that exhibit stem cell properties, including the ability to (re)initiate tumor growth. METHODS Five M13HS hybrid clone cells, which originated from spontaneous cell fusion events between M13SV1-EGFP-Neo human breast epithelial cells and HS578T-Hyg human breast cancer cells, and their parental cells were analyzed for expression of stemness and EMT-related marker proteins by Western blot analysis and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The frequency of ALDH1-positive cells was determined by flow cytometry using AldeRed fluorescent dye. Concurrently, the cells' colony forming capabilities as well as the cells' abilities to form mammospheres were investigated. The migratory activity of the cells was analyzed using a 3D collagen matrix migration assay. RESULTS M13HS hybrid clone cells co-expressed SOX9, SLUG, CK8 and CK14, which were differently expressed in parental cells. A variation in the ALDH1-positive putative stem cell population was observed among the five hybrids ranging from 1.44% (M13HS-7) to 13.68% (M13HS-2). In comparison to the parental cells, all five hybrid clone cells possessed increased but also unique colony formation and mammosphere formation capabilities. M13HS-4 hybrid clone cells exhibited the highest colony formation capacity and second highest mammosphere formation capacity of all hybrids, whereby the mean diameter of the mammospheres was comparable to the parental cells. In contrast, the largest mammospheres originated from the M13HS-2 hybrid clone cells, whereas these cells' mammosphere formation capacity was comparable to the parental breast cancer cells. All M13HS hybrid clones exhibited a mesenchymal phenotype and, with the exception of one hybrid clone, responded to EGF with an increased migratory activity. CONCLUSION Fusion of human breast epithelial cells and human breast cancer cells can give rise to hybrid clone cells that possess certain CS/IC properties, suggesting that cell fusion might be a mechanism underlying how tumor cells exhibiting a CS/IC phenotype could originate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Gauck
- Institute of Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448 Witten, Germany
- Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Silvia Keil
- Institute of Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448 Witten, Germany
| | - Bernd Niggemann
- Institute of Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448 Witten, Germany
| | - Kurt S. Zänker
- Institute of Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448 Witten, Germany
| | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology & Experimental Oncology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448 Witten, Germany
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Sun L, Guo DH, Liu F, Liu Q, Jiang N, Sun YF, Cai LP, Zheng HX. A MOUSE MODEL OF MAMMARY HYPERPLASIA INDUCED BY ORAL HORMONE ADMINISTRATION. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2017. [PMID: 28638887 PMCID: PMC5471472 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Mammary hyperplasia is one of the most common benign breast disorders. Although traditional Chinese medicine has a vast experience in the treatment of mammary hyperplasia, it is not accepted widely due to its unclear mechanism. Methods and Materials: To address the mechanism, we developed a mouse model of mammary hyperplasia. We gave mice estradiol valerate tablets and progesterone capsules sequentially for one month by intragastric administration. Results: Mice treated by this method had a series of pathological changes which are similar to those detected in women with mammary hyperplasia, including ectopic level of estradiol and progesterone in serum, hyperplasia of mammary glands and increased expression of ERα and PR. Conclusion: This model will facilitate the mechanical study of traditional medicine on mammary hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Dong-Hui Guo
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yun-Feng Sun
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Li-Ping Cai
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Hong-Xin Zheng
- Molecular Laboratory of TCM, Department of Basic Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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Relationship of inflammatory profile of elderly patients serum and senescence-associated secretory phenotype with human breast cancer cells proliferation: Role of IL6/IL8 ratio. Cytokine 2017; 91:13-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator and is mainly indicated for the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women and postsurgery neoadjuvant therapy in ER-positive breast cancers. Interestingly, 5–10% of the ER-negative breast cancers have also shown sensitivity to tamoxifen treatment. The involvement of molecular markers and/or signaling pathways independent of ER signaling has been implicated in tamoxifen sensitivity in the ER-negative subgroup. Studies reveal that variation in the expression of estrogen-related receptor alpha, ER subtype beta, tumor microenvironment, and epigenetics affects tamoxifen sensitivity. This review discusses the background of the research on the action of tamoxifen that may inspire future studies to explore effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancers, the latter being an aggressive disease with worse clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Manna
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marina K Holz
- Department of Biology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Karamouzis MV, Papavassiliou KA, Adamopoulos C, Papavassiliou AG. Targeting Androgen/Estrogen Receptors Crosstalk in Cancer. Trends Cancer 2015; 2:35-48. [PMID: 28741499 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The actions of estrogens are mediated by estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ. Recent genomic landscaping of ERα- and ERβ-binding sites has revealed important distinctions regarding their transcriptional activity. ERβ and its isoforms have been correlated with endocrine treatment responsiveness in breast tumors, while post-translational modifications, receptor dimerization patterns, and subcellular localization are increasingly recognized as crucial modulators in prostate carcinogenesis. Androgen receptor (AR) is essential for the development and progression of prostate cancer as well as of certain breast cancer types. The balance between the activity of these two hormone receptors and their molecular interactions in different clinical settings is influenced by several coregulators. This comprises a dynamic regulatory network enhancing or limiting the activity of AR-directed treatments in breast and prostate tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the molecular background regarding the therapeutic targeting of androgen/estrogen receptor crosstalk in breast and prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalis V Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Kostas A Papavassiliou
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Adamopoulos
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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Recouvreux S, Sampayo R, Bessone MID, Simian M. Microenvironment and endocrine resistance in breast cancer: Friend or foe? World J Clin Oncol 2015; 6:207-211. [PMID: 26677432 PMCID: PMC4675904 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v6.i6.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer affects one in eight women around the world. Seventy five percent of these patients have tumors that are estrogen receptor positive and as a consequence receive endocrine therapy. However, about one third eventually develop resistance and cancer reappears. In the last decade our vision of cancer has evolved to consider it more of a tissue-related disease than a cell-centered one. This editorial argues that we are only starting to understand the role the tumor microenvironment plays in therapy resistance in breast cancer. The development of new therapeutic strategies that target the microenvironment will come when we clearly understand this extremely complicated scenario. As such, and as a scientific community, we have extremely challenging work ahead. We share our views regarding these matters.
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