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Jeżewska-Zychowicz M. Lifestyle Variation among the Elderly: Do Nutritional Knowledge and Diet Quality Differ When the Other Lifestyle Components Are Similar? Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2057. [PMID: 37895438 PMCID: PMC10608023 DOI: 10.3390/life13102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Older people's health is strongly determined by their lifestyle, and its deterioration is a cause for concern and calls for effective efforts to slow down the process. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between diet quality and other non-food lifestyle elements. The data were collected in 2017 through a cross-sectional survey among 271 Polish elder citizens. A K-means cluster analysis was applied to separate homogeneous groups by lifestyle components (without diet) and a logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between identified clusters and sociodemographic characteristics, nutritional knowledge and diet quality. Three homogenous clusters were identified, i.e., individuals with moderate physical activity and recommended sleep duration (pro-healthy), with low physical activity (low PA), and with short sleep (short sleep). Gender, age, education, place of residence, BMI, and health-promoting diet index (pHDI) did not differentiate adherence to clusters. The probability of being in the pro-healthy cluster increased with nutritional knowledge and declaring the same or better health status compared to peers, while it decreased when above-average financial status was reported. The obtained results importantly extend the previous findings by showing that the individual elements of lifestyle should be also perceived in the context of others. Further research focused on lifestyle as a whole might considerably support the implementation of multifaceted lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Jeżewska-Zychowicz
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Bruno RM, Varbiro S, Pucci G, Nemcsik J, Lønnebakken MT, Kublickiene K, Schluchter H, Park C, Mozos I, Guala A, Hametner B, Seeland U, Boutouyrie P. Vascular function in hypertension: does gender dimension matter? J Hum Hypertens 2023; 37:634-643. [PMID: 37061653 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-023-00826-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Blood pressure and vascular ageing trajectories differ between men and women. These differences develop due to sex-related factors, attributable to sex chromosomes or sex hormones, and due to gender-related factors, mainly related to different sociocultural behaviors. The present review summarizes the relevant facts regarding gender-related differences in vascular function in hypertension. Among sex-related factors, endogenous 17ß-estradiol plays a key role in protecting pre-menopausal women from vascular ageing. However, as vascular ageing (preceding and inducing hypertension) has a steeper increase in women than in men starting already from the third decade, it is likely that gender-related factors play a prominent role, especially in the young. Among gender-related factors, psychological stress (including that one related to gender-based violence and discrimination), depression, some psychological traits, but also low socioeconomic status, are more common in women than men, and their impact on vascular ageing is likely to be greater in women. Men, on the contrary, are more exposed to the vascular adverse consequences of alcohol consumption, as well as of social deprivation, while "toxic masculinity" traits may result in lower adherence to lifestyle and preventive strategies. Unhealthy diet habits are more prevalent in men and smoking is equally prevalent in the two sexes, but have a disproportional negative effect on women's vascular health. In conclusion, given the major and complex role of gender-related factors in driving vascular alterations and blood pressure patterns, gender dimension should be systematically integrated into future research on vascular function and hypertension and to tailor cardiovascular prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa-Maria Bruno
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015, Paris, France.
- Pharmacology Unit, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France.
| | - Szabolcs Varbiro
- Workgroup for Science Management, Doctoral School, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Giacomo Pucci
- Internal Medicine Unit, "Santa Maria" Terni Hospital and Department of Medicine and Surgery-University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - János Nemcsik
- Department of Family Medicine and Health Service of Zuglo (ZESZ), Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mai Tone Lønnebakken
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Institution for Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Department of Renal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Schluchter
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chloe Park
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing at UCL, UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ioana Mozos
- Department of Functional Sciences-Pathophysiology, Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andrea Guala
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernhard Hametner
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Health & Bioresources, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ute Seeland
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- Université Paris Cité, Inserm, PARCC, F-75015, Paris, France
- Pharmacology Unit, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
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Coelho-Júnior HJ, Calvani R, Picca A, Tosato M, Landi F, Marzetti E. Engagement in Aerobic Exercise Is Associated with a Reduced Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Severe Sarcopenia in Italian Older Adults. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040655. [PMID: 37109041 PMCID: PMC10144721 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to test the association between adherence to specific exercise modalities and sarcopenia severity in Italian older adults. Data were collected as part of the ongoing Longevity Check-Up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project. Lookup 7+ began in June 2015 and has since been conducted in unconventional settings (e.g., exhibitions, malls, social events) throughout Italy. In the present study, we used data on adults 65 years and older. Sarcopenia was identified according to the simultaneous presence of dynapenia and low appendicular muscle mass. Muscle strength was measured by isometric handgrip and sit-to-stand (STS) testing. Sarcopenia was categorized as severe if participants reported difficulty or inability to walk 400 m. Engagement in running and/or swimming (RS) or strength training with or without stretching (SS) was used to define exercise modalities. Analyses were conducted in 3289 participants (mean age: 72.7 ± 5.7 years; 1814 women). The results of the binary regression showed negative associations between RS and the presence of STS-based sarcopenia in women, and between RS and STS-based severe sarcopenia in men. Collectively, these findings indicate that RS is negatively associated with the presence of sarcopenia in large sample of relatively unselected Italian older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio José Coelho-Júnior
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calvani
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, 70100 Casamassima, Italy
| | - Matteo Tosato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Department of Geriatrics and Orthopedics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Albrecht BM, Stalling I, Recke C, Doerwald F, Bammann K. Associations between older adults' physical fitness level and their engagement in different types of physical activity: cross-sectional results from the OUTDOOR ACTIVE study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068105. [PMID: 36990489 PMCID: PMC10069498 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the prevalence of different types of physical activities and to explore the association between engagement in these physical activities and performance in the physical fitness dimensions among older adults living in Bremen, Germany. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Twelve subdistricts in Bremen, Germany. PARTICIPANTS 1583 non-institutionalised adults aged 65-75 years residing in one of the 12 subdistricts in Bremen, Germany (53.1% female). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES Level of physical fitness in five dimensions: handgrip strength (hand dynamometry), lower muscle strength (30 s-chair stand test), aerobic endurance (2 min-step test), lower body flexibility (sit-and-reach test), and upper body flexibility (back scratch test); classified using normative values. RESULTS In this study population, home-based activities (housework, gardening) and activities for transport (walking, cycling) were performed by nearly all the participants, while leisure activities were less prevalent. Logistic regression revealed a positive association between being in or over norm in handgrip strength with cycling (OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.15), hiking/running (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.16) and other sports (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 1.37 to 7.56). Lower muscle strength was positively related to cycling (OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.37 to 2.65), gym training (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.16 to 2.26) and dancing (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.00 to 4.61). Aerobic endurance was positively associated with cycling (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.37 to 2.65), gym training (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.20 to 2.36), aerobics (OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.26), dancing (OR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.10 to 6.22) and ball sports (OR: 2.07, 95% CI: 1.30 to 3.29). Apart from housework and upper body flexibility (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.78), flexibility dimensions did not show any significant associations. CONCLUSIONS While muscle strength dimensions and aerobic endurance were associated with several physical activities, flexibility dimensions were associated with none of the investigated activities apart from housework. Especially cycling and leisure activities (eg, hiking/ running, gym training, aerobics, dancing) showed great potential for sustaining and increasing physical fitness in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Marie Albrecht
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Imke Stalling
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Carina Recke
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Friederike Doerwald
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karin Bammann
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Stalling I, Albrecht BM, Foettinger L, Recke C, Bammann K. Associations between socioeconomic status and physical activity among older adults: cross-sectional results from the OUTDOOR ACTIVE study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:396. [PMID: 35524170 PMCID: PMC9074343 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03075-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity (PA) is an important strategy for healthy ageing. Socioeconomic status was found to be a key determinant of PA, however, evidence on associations between socioeconomic status and PA among older adults is limited. The aim of this study was to contribute to research on the associations of socioeconomic status and PA among older adults by including self-reported and objectively measured PA data. Furthermore, we examined the self-reported PA data more closely by looking at the activities separately. METHODS Cross-sectional data of 1507 participants (52.5% female) of the OUTDOOR ACTIVE study between 65 and 75 years, residing in Bremen, Germany, were included in the analyses. Self-reported PA was assessed via questionnaire and comprised all organised and non-organised activities. For analyses, mean hours per week of total and moderate to vigorous PA, and mean metabolic equivalents per week were used. Objectively measured PA was assessed using accelerometers over seven consecutive days. Socioeconomic status was included as an additive social class index containing education, income, and occupation. To test for associations between PA and socioeconomic status, linear regressions were carried out. RESULTS Self-reported PA showed significant negative associations with socioeconomic status for both men and women. Objectively measured PA was positively associated with socioeconomic status, which was significant in men but not in women. When examining physical activities separately, time spent on housework, gardening, biking, and walking decreased with increasing socioeconomic status. Women in the second SES quintile and men in the third quintile reported the most, and women in the first quintile and men in the fifth quintile the least hours per week spent on exercise. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study contributed to the existing research gap on the associations of socioeconomic status and PA among older adults. Moreover, we provided information on both self-reported and objectively measured PA, and showed the discrepancies in the two methods' results. These findings can help to develop PA promotion interventions targeting specific socioeconomic status groups and to develop accurate, valid, and reliable self-reported and objective measurements of PA for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Stalling
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 2a, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Birte Marie Albrecht
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 2a, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Linda Foettinger
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 2a, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Carina Recke
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 2a, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karin Bammann
- Institute for Public Health and Nursing Research (IPP), University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 2a, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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Chen YM, Chiang TL, Chen DR, Tu YK, Yu HW, Chiu WY. Differing determinants of disability trends among men and women aged 50 years and older. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:11. [PMID: 34979931 PMCID: PMC8722081 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02574-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Researchers have emphasized the importance of examining how different factors affect men’s and women’s functional status over time. To date, the literature is unclear about whether sex affects the rate of change in disability in middle to older age. Researchers have further emphasized the importance of examining how different factors affect men’s and women’s functional status over time. We examined (a) sex differences in disability trends and (b) the determinants of the rate of change in disability for men and women 50 years and older. Methods This study utilized the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging Survey, a nationally representative database (four waves of survey data 1996–2007, N = 3429). We modeled and compared the differences in disability trends and the influences of determinants on trends among men and women using multiple-indicator and multiple-group latent growth curves modeling (LGCM). Equality constraints were imposed on 10 determinants across groups. Results Once disability began, women progressed toward greater disability 18% faster than men. Greater age added about 1.2 times the burden to the rate of change in disability for women than men (p < 0.001). More comorbidities also added significantly more burden to baseline disability and rate of change in disability among women than men (p < 0.001), but women benefited more from higher education levels in lower baseline disability and slower rate of change. Having a better social network was associated with lower baseline disability among women only (p < 0.05). For both men and women, physically active leisure-time activities were beneficial in lower baseline disability (pmen and women < 0.001) and rate of change in disability (pmen < 0.01; pwomen < 0.05), with no significant differences between groups. Conclusions Age may widen the sex gap in the rate of change in disability. However, both sexes benefit from participating in leisure-time activities. Promoting health literacy improves health outcomes and physical function among women. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02574-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Mei Chen
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 633, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | - Tung-Liang Chiang
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 633, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Duan-Rung Chen
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 636, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Tu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 539, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wei Yu
- Department of Gerontology and Health Care Management, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Room 1406, No. 261, Wenhua 1st Rd, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Chiu
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Room 633, No. 17, Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
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Engels ES, Mutz M, Demetriou Y, Reimers AK. Levels of physical activity in four domains and affective wellbeing before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 79:122. [PMID: 34225801 PMCID: PMC8256404 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-021-00651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latest studies indicated that the general mental health level is low during the pandemic. Probably, this deterioration of the mental health situation is partly due to declines in physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in and the association between affective wellbeing and levels of different domains of physical activity at three time points before and during the pandemic. METHOD We used a nationwide online panel with a trend data design encompassing a total sample of N = 3517, representing the German population (> 14 years). Four different activity domains (sport and exercise, light outdoor activity, housework/gardening, active travel) and affective wellbeing (positive and negative affect) were assessed at three time points before and during the Covid-19 pandemic (October 2019, March 2020, October 2020). RESULTS Multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) indicate differences regarding affective wellbeing over the three time points with the lowest values at the second time point. Levels of activity in the four domains differed significantly over time with the strongest decrease for sport and exercise from the first to the second time point. Partial correlations indicated that the relationships between sport and exercise and positive affect were most consistent over time. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that physical activity plays a particularly important role in the pandemic period as a protective factor against poor mental health. Especially sports and exercise seem to be supportive and should be encouraged, e.g. by providing additional support in finding adequate outdoor, home-based or digital substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliane S Engels
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Gebbertstr. 123b, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Michael Mutz
- Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Kugelberg 62, 35394, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, 80992, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne K Reimers
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Gebbertstr. 123b, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
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Hatami O, Aghabagheri M, Kahdouei S, Nasiriani K. Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE). BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:383. [PMID: 34162345 PMCID: PMC8220717 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02337-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Old age is associated with reduced physical ability. It is necessary to measure and evaluate the physical activity of older people. Implementing appropriate requires a valid and reliable tool. Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) is the frequently used self-reported physical activity assessment for older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the translation validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly. Methods This study is a methodological, descriptive applied research was conducted on 300 older people. The translation process of the English version of PASE into Persian was carried out according to the process of translation and adaptation of scale recommended by the World Health Organization. The reliability of the scale was examined by calculating the Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The reliability and validity of the scale were evaluated by following the “Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Status Measurement Instruments” (COSMIN) checklist. To assess the face and content validity, impact score (IS), the content validity ratio (CVR), and the content validity index (CVI) were determined. A confirmatory factor analysis was also performed. Results The experts approved the quality of the Persian version of PASE. The reliability was calculated with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.94, an ICC of 0.99, and a test-retest correlation coefficient of 0.94. The qualitative and quantitative face validity of all questions by expert judgment and IS of greater than 1.5 was considered. Also, CVR and CVI scores of all questions were higher than 0.6 and 0.79, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit for the original three-factor structure. Conclusions The Persian or Farsi version of PASE was shown to have acceptable validity and reliability. This tool is suitable for measuring the physical activity level in the Persian elderly language special in clinical environments and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Hatami
- Department of Nursing, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdi Aghabagheri
- Medicine School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Khadijeh Nasiriani
- Department of Nursing, Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Research Center for Nursing and Midwifery Care, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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Müller B, Kropp P, Cardona MI, Michalowsky B, van den Berg N, Teipel S, Hoffmann W, Thyrian JR. Types of leisure time physical activities (LTPA) of community-dwelling persons who have been screened positive for dementia. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:270. [PMID: 33892624 PMCID: PMC8063325 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To (a) describe the pattern of leisure time physical activities (LTPA) in community-dwelling persons who have been screened positive for dementia and (b) determine the health-related and sociodemographic factors associated with LTPA. Methods Data of the general practitioner-based, randomized, controlled intervention trial, DelpHi-MV (Dementia: life- and person-centered help in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania) were used. Patients aged 70 years or older, who lived at home and had a DemTect< 9 were informed about the study by their General practitioners and invited to participate. Data from 436 participants with complete baseline data were used. Standardized, computer-assisted assessments were made during face-to-face interviews at the participants’ homes. Results Two hundred thirty-eight patients (54.6%) carried out LTPA (men 58.4%, women 51.8%). Physically active patients mentioned one to two different activities; diversity of LTPA was higher for men than for women. The most-frequently mentioned types of activity were gardening (35.3%), cycling (24.1%) and mobility training (12.4%); there was only a statistically significant difference between men and women in cycling, χ2(1) = 21.47, p < .001. The odds of LTPA increased with increasing quality of life (OR = 2.41), lower impairments in activities of daily living (OR = 0.85), and living in a rural environment (OR = 2.02). Conclusions Our findings suggest that people who have been screened positive for dementia living in a rural area are more likely to be active than people living in an urban area. Following studies should investigate whether this difference has an effect on the progression of dementia. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier NCT01401582. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12877-021-02201-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta Müller
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medicine Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20 Rostock, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Peter Kropp
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medicine Rostock, Gehlsheimer Str. 20 Rostock, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | | | | | - Nanja van den Berg
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hoffmann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
| | - Jochen René Thyrian
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Greifswald, Germany.,Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Orienteering from Cradle to Grave—How a Sport Could Offer Lifelong Participation. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci10050146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this present study is to explore what makes orienteering meaningful and rewarding to former elite athletes’ years or even decades after ending their elite careers. Methods: Applying a qualitative approach with a case study design, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 11 former elite orienteers from Norway and Sweden, and the data was subsequently analyzed with thematic analysis, resulting in two main themes: individually matched challenges and a social community. Results: The character, structure, and culture of orienteering both enabled and encouraged former elite athletes to make the transition into recreational sport. Even so, the characteristics of the sport related to both its structure (range of ages, level, and ambition) and organization (well-organized) as well as the participants’ backgrounds (well-educated) and intrinsic motivation (satisfaction, enjoyment, mastery) seemed to match a lifelong sport participation. Conclusions: These factors could indicate that orienteering is a sport that can facilitate a lifelong sport participation for athletes with such a background.
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Linder S, Abu-Omar K, Geidl W, Messing S, Sarshar M, Reimers AK, Ziemainz H. Physical inactivity in healthy, obese, and diabetic adults in Germany: An analysis of related socio-demographic variables. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246634. [PMID: 33561175 PMCID: PMC7872299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults with diabetes or obesity are more likely to be physically inactive than healthy adults. Physical activity is essential in the management of both diseases, necessitating targeted interventions in these groups. This study analysed physical inactivity (defined as not taking part in leisure-time physical activity) in over 100,000 adults in Germany considering their body mass index and the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, the relationship between specific socio-demographic factors with physical inactivity was investigated, particularly focussing diabetic and obese people, to refine the identification of risk-groups for targeted interventions on physical activity promotion. METHODS Data from 13 population-based health surveys conducted in Germany from 1997 to 2018 were used. The relevant variables extracted from these datasets were merged and employed in the analyses. We included data from 129,886 individuals in the BMI analyses and 58,311 individuals in the diabetes analyses. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the importance of six socio-demographic variables (age, sex/gender, education, income, employment, and migration) for the risk of physical inactivity. RESULTS Obese and diabetic people reported a higher prevalence of physical inactivity than those who were not affected. Logistic regression analyses revealed advanced age, low education level, and low household income as risk factors for physical inactivity in all groups. A two-sided migration background and unemployment also indicated a higher probability of physical inactivity. CONCLUSION Similar socio-demographic barriers appear to be important determinants of physical inactivity, regardless of BMI status or the presence of diabetes. However, physical activity promoting interventions in obese and diabetic adults should consider the specific disease-related characteristics of these groups. A special need for target group specific physical activity programmes in adults from ethnic minorities or of advanced age was further identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Linder
- Division of Physical Activity and Public Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Karim Abu-Omar
- Division of Physical Activity and Public Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Geidl
- Division of Exercise and Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Sven Messing
- Division of Exercise and Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Mustafa Sarshar
- Division of Health and Physical Activity, Department of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne K. Reimers
- Division of Physical Activity and Public Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Heiko Ziemainz
- Division of Physical Activity and Public Health, Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
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ERSOY N, TAŞÇI İ, DORUK H, RAKICIOĞLU N. The Seasonal Variations of Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in Turkish Older Adults. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.519430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Pourzal R, Cip J, Rad E, Laurent MP, Berger RA, Jacobs JJ, Wimmer MA. Joint line elevation and tibial slope are associated with increased polyethylene wear in cruciate-retaining total knee replacement. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:1596-1606. [PMID: 32374428 PMCID: PMC7329363 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this retrieval study was to determine the effect of implant positioning on wear, taking patient-related factors into account. Therefore, the volumetric material loss of 59 retrieved tibial liners was quantitatively determined using a coordinate measuring-machine. All retrievals were made of the same polyethylene and design by a single manufacturer. Using time in-situ and linear regression, a wear rate for each liner was determined and corrected for bedding-in. Backside damage was qualitatively scored. The following implant positioning parameters were obtained from radiographs: anatomical lateral-distal femoral angle, anatomical medial-proximal tibial angle, femoral tilt angle, and posterior tibial slope. The patella position was assessed by the Blackburne-Peel index and the Insall-Salvati ratio. Unlike the Insall-Salvati ratio, the Blackburne-Peel index is known to detect surgical joint line elevation. Using general linear modeling the most impactful factors on wear rate and backside damage was determined, thereby taking patient demographic factors into account. The mean volumetric wear rate was 11.6 mm3 /y. Wear decreased with older age (P = .021) and female sex (P = .001). The wear rate increased with joint line elevation as indicated from a decreased Blackburne-Peel index (P = .019), and increased with increased posterior tibial slope (P = .026). The backside damage score also increased with joint line elevation (P = .036). A Blackburne-Peel index decrease of 0.1, signifying joint line elevation, was found to increase the wear rate by 1.8 mm3 /y and increase back-sided wear. A high tibial slope (>7°) led to a 9.3 mm3 /y increase in wear rate compared with a low tibial slope (<3°). The results of this study demonstrate that tibial liner positioning has a significant impact on polyethylene wear with potential implications on osteolysis over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Pourzal
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Johannes Cip
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Elmira Rad
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michel P. Laurent
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Richard A. Berger
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joshua J. Jacobs
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Markus A. Wimmer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Self-Efficacy for Physical Activity-A Question of Item Framing and Age? J Aging Phys Act 2020; 28:173-179. [PMID: 31715580 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2019-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Older adults process and remember positive information relatively better than negative information, compared with younger adults; this is known as the positivity effect. This study examined whether older adults compared with younger adults also respond differently to positively and negatively framed questionnaire items. Participants (N = 275; age = 18-81 years) were randomly assigned to a positively or negatively framed version of a self-efficacy for physical activity questionnaire. Self-efficacy, physical activity intentions, and planned physical activity in the following week were regressed on experimental group and age, controlling for baseline physical activity and covariates. A significant Age × Frame interaction showed that item framing made a difference in planned physical activity for the oldest age group (+350 min compared with the youngest group). This study provides initial support for the positivity effect in item framing on physical activity plans, but not on intentions or self-efficacy. Item framing should be taken into consideration for accurate measurement, but could also be a simple intervention approach.
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Loss J, Brew-Sam N, Metz B, Strobl H, Sauter A, Tittlbach S. Capacity Building in Community Stakeholder Groups for Increasing Physical Activity: Results of a Qualitative Study in Two German Communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072306. [PMID: 32235419 PMCID: PMC7177804 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Community capacity building is an essential approach for health promotion, combining a participatory approach with the view to community ownership. Little research focuses on practical capacity building strategies and monitoring. Our paper looks into involving stakeholders in facilitated group discussions as a specific strategy for fostering capacity building processes. These processes focused on physical activity (PA) promotion in two German communities (ACTION4men). Along the dimensions of capacity building suggested in literature (e.g., problem solving, resource mobilization, leadership), we implemented two participatory stakeholder groups (1/community). These groups were motivated to develop and implement PA interventions for men >50 years. For measuring capacity building processes, a semi-standardized monitoring instrument was used to document all group meetings. Additionally, we conducted semi-standardized interviews with group participants and drop-outs to capture their perspectives on capacity building. All documents were analyzed using thematic analysis. We successfully established stakeholder groups that planned and implemented a range of local measures meant to increase PA among older men. In one community, the process was sustainable, whereby the group continued to meet regularly over years. Capacity building was successful to a certain degree (e.g., regarding participation, problem assessment, and resource mobilization), but stalled after first meetings. Capacity building processes differed between the two communities in terms of leadership and sustainability. The developed interventions mainly addressed the access to organized sport courses, rather than tackling walkability or active transport. The theoretical capacity building approach was successful to develop and implement programs aimed at promoting PA. The actual capacity building processes depend upon the composition of stakeholder groups and inherent power relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julika Loss
- Medical Sociology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93059 Regensburg, Germany; (N.B.-S.); (B.M.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-941-9445220
| | - Nicola Brew-Sam
- Medical Sociology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93059 Regensburg, Germany; (N.B.-S.); (B.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Boris Metz
- Medical Sociology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93059 Regensburg, Germany; (N.B.-S.); (B.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Helmut Strobl
- Social and Health Sciences in Sport, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany; (H.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Alexandra Sauter
- Medical Sociology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, 93059 Regensburg, Germany; (N.B.-S.); (B.M.); (A.S.)
| | - Susanne Tittlbach
- Social and Health Sciences in Sport, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany; (H.S.); (S.T.)
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Ribeiro Santos V, Dias Correa B, De Souza Pereira CG, Alberto Gobbo L. Physical Activity Decreases the Risk of Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity in Older Adults with the Incidence of Clinical Factors: 24-Month Prospective Study. Exp Aging Res 2020; 46:166-177. [DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2020.1716156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ribeiro Santos
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, LABSIM, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Dias Correa
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, LABSIM, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Galan De Souza Pereira
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, LABSIM, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, LABSIM, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), UNESP, Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Reimers AK, Schmidt SCE, Demetriou Y, Marzi I, Woll A. Parental and peer support and modelling in relation to domain-specific physical activity participation in boys and girls from Germany. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223928. [PMID: 31665192 PMCID: PMC6821055 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) as a precondition of child development is related with social environmental correlates. However, domain-specific PA and gender issues have been neglected in studies on social support and modelling and PA in school-aged children. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships of parental and peer modelling and social support with domain-specific PA participation in a large sample of school-aged children, taking gender into account. Methods 3,505 school children aged 6 to 17 years old participated in the German nationwide ‘MoMo’ cohort-study. By using the MoMo-PAQ the participants and their parents provided self-report data on perceived social support and social modelling and domain-specific PA participation. Relationships of social environmental variables and the physical outcomes were analysed by logistic regression analyses. Results At secondary school level, girls were less likely than boys to participate in physical activity in and outside of sports clubs, extra-curricular physical activity and in outdoor play (p < 0.05), but at primary school level this pattern only applied to club sport (p < 0.01). Girls also received less social support than boys (p < 0.01). Physical activity participation in all domains was associated with any of the social support and modelling variables and differences between physical activity domains and between boys and girls occurred. Most consistently physical activity in sports clubs was related with the social environmental correlates in boys (primary school: R2 = 0.60; secondary school: R2 = 0.45) and girls (primary school: R2 = 0.53; secondary school: R2 = 0.47). Conclusions In future, reciprocal relationships of social environmental variables and PA should be considered in longitudinal studies to obtain insights into the direction of the associations. Furthermore, interventions encompassing the social environment and focussed particularly on the promotion of domain-specific PA in girls in secondary school-age are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K. Reimers
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Steffen C. E. Schmidt
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabel Marzi
- Department of Sport Science and Sport, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Climate Preferences for Tourism: Perceptions Regarding Ideal and Unfavourable Conditions for Hiking in Spain. ATMOSPHERE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos10110646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is an increasingly frequent part of our leisure time. Within this context, hiking is a popular form of tourism which has a positive impact on the quality of life. In spite of the importance of climate conditions for this recreational activity, relatively little research has been done on hiking from the perspective of climate and tourism. With this in mind in this paper we make the first detailed extensive assessment of climate preferences for the practice of hiking tourism in Spain. To this end a review of the theoretical/methodological body of literature on tourism climatology was conducted together with a survey aimed at evaluating the stated climate preferences of hiking tourists. The results are offered within the framework of international research on climate preferences for a range of tourism activities. The comparative analysis of these results with regard to those obtained in previous research highlights various similarities but also certain factors specific to hiking in Spain. Overall, the climate preferences of hiking tourists are similar to those of other segments of the tourism market in terms of the aesthetic and physical aspects of the climate, although they also have certain specific preferences as regards thermal aspects, especially regarding the optimal daily thermal conditions for hiking. The results obtained are useful for assessing the suitability of the climate for the practice of hiking tourism in Spain and for promoting proper management and planning of this leisure activity in tourist destinations, including the development of climate calendars detailing the most suitable times of the year for hiking at these destinations. These issues will be addressed in future research studies.
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Do Older Adults with Multimorbidity Meet the Recommended Levels of Physical Activity? An Analysis of Scottish Health Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193748. [PMID: 31590293 PMCID: PMC6801591 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
There is a positive association between physical activity (PA) and improved health in older adults. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and determinants of meeting recommended levels of PA among older adults with multimorbidity. Data has been derived from the nationally representative Scottish Health Surveys (2014–2017). A sub-sample of 2230 older adults (aged 65+) with multimorbidity were the study participants. Physical activity was evaluated using current recommended guidelines. Overall, 32.3% of the participants met the recommended levels of PA. Independent predictors of meeting the recommended levels of PA include male gender [odds ratio (OR) 2.00 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58–2.54)], living in the least deprived areas [OR 1.79 (95% CI 1.20–2.69)]; being a non-smoker [OR 2.22 (95% CI 1.48–3. 34)]. Also, meeting recommended PA decreased with age [OR 0.92 (95% CI 0.90–0.94)] and body mass index [OR 0.93 (95% CI 0.91–0.95]; but increased per additional portion of fruit and vegetables taken [OR 1.19 (95% CI 1.12–1.25)] and with increase in well-being scale score [OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.06)]. Adherence to PA guidelines seems to be more related to age, BMI, gender (i.e. higher PA adherence in men vs. women), social support (i.e. social deprivation), dietary habits (i.e. fruit and vegetable intake) and social isolation among the elderly. In the one-third of older population, adherence to PA was associated to better mental health. Therefore, adaptation of PA guideline to suit theses determinants factors would reduce the gap difference among older adults with multimorbidity and enhance their mental well-being.
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The Age-Related Performance Decline in Marathon Running: The Paradigm of the Berlin Marathon. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16112022. [PMID: 31174325 PMCID: PMC6603944 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16112022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The variation of marathon race time by age group has been used recently to model the decline of endurance with aging; however, paradigms of races (i.e., marathon running) examined so far have mostly been from the United States. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the age of peak performance (APP) in a European race, the “Berlin Marathon”. Race times of 387,222 finishers (women, n = 93,022; men, n = 294,200) in this marathon race from 2008 to 2018 were examined. Men were faster by +1.10 km.h−1 (10.74 ± 1.84 km.h−1versus 9.64 ± 1.46 km.h−1, p <0.001, η2 = 0.065, medium effect size) and older by +2.1 years (43.1 ± 10.0 years versus 41.0 ± 9.8 years, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.008, trivial effect size) than women. APP was 32 years in women and 34 years in men using 1-year age groups, and 30–34 years in women and 35–39 years in men using 5-year age groups. Women’s and men’s performance at 60–64 and 55–59 age groups, respectively, corresponded to ~90% of the running speed at APP. Based on these findings, it was concluded that although APP occurred earlier in women than men, the observed age-related differences indicated that the decline of endurance with aging might differ by sex.
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Perception of parks and trails as mobility facilitators and transportation walking in older adults: a study using digital geographical maps. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:673-683. [PMID: 30666515 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-01115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transportation walking represents a promising target for physical activity promotion in older adults. Perceived characteristics of the neighbourhood physical environment may affect older adults' choice of transportation mode for a routine activity such as walking to the grocery store. AIMS To (1) evaluate associations between older adults' perception of parks and trails as outdoor mobility facilitators and transportation walking, specifically to the grocery store; and (2) explore whether the spatial relationship between people's home, perceived facilitator and store was relevant for their transportation choice. METHODS Cross-sectional data were collected in a subsample of the 'Life-space mobility in old age' cohort. Multivariable logistic regression analysis on the binary outcome 'transportation walking' (vs. 'motorized transportation') was used to evaluate the association with perceived mobility facilitators in the neighborhood; in step (1) without and in step (2) with taking spatial relationships into account. RESULTS Perceiving a park as facilitator increased the odds of walking (N = 179; Odds Ratio 9.89; 95% Confidence interval 3.11-31.50). Spatial relationships did not affect transportation choice. Reporting a trail as facilitator was not significantly associated with walking. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the perception of environmental characteristics in the neighbourhood has an influence on older people's transportation choices. Taking environmental measures or informing older adults on their options in the neighbourhood might be possible ways to increase older adults' transportation walking on a population level.
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Johansson M, Johansson L, Wennberg P, Lind M. Physical activity and risk of first-time venous thromboembolism. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2019; 26:1181-1187. [PMID: 30727768 DOI: 10.1177/2047487319829310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity may have a protective effect against venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between leisure time physical activity, occupational physical activity, and the risk of VTE in men and women separately. METHODS The population-based, prospective Venous thromboEmbolism In Northern Sweden (VEINS) cohort study included 108,025 participants of health examinations between 1985 and 2014. Physical activity data were collected by questionnaire. Participants were followed from health examination to first-time VTE event, death, emigration or the end of the study. All VTE events were validated by reviewing medical records and radiology reports. RESULTS During 1,496,669 person-years, 2054 participants experienced VTE. Women who performed leisure time physical activity at least once a week had a lower risk of first-time VTE (hazard ratio (HR) 0.83; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71-0.98 after adjustments) compared with women with less or no physical activity. Furthermore, women with high occupational physical activity also had a lower risk of VTE (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.74-0.98). In men, there was no consistent association between either measure of physical activity and the risk of VTE. CONCLUSION We found an association between increased physical activity and a lower risk of first-time VTE in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Johansson
- 1 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Johansson
- 1 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Patrik Wennberg
- 2 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marcus Lind
- 1 Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Wagner AL, Keusch F, Yan T, Clarke PJ. The impact of weather on summer and winter exercise behaviors. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2019; 8:39-45. [PMID: 30719382 PMCID: PMC6349565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor exercise is an enjoyable way for individuals to improve fitness, but it is dependent on weather conditions. This study examines the association between weather conditions and outdoor exercise after adjustment for age, sex, race, and socioeconomic status. METHODS We used data representative of American adults from the University of Michigan/Thomson Reuters June 2013 surveys of consumers (core and supplement) to investigate self-reported exercise behavior in summer and winter. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models estimated the odds of delayed or indoor exercise compared with outdoor exercise. RESULTS Of the 502 respondents, 16.3% did not regularly exercise outdoors (i.e., at least once a week), and many would delay exercise both in summer (51.8%) and winter (43.9%). Individuals listing rain as the predominant adverse weather condition had 3.33 times higher odds of exercising indoors (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.34-8.28) and 3.49 times higher odds of delaying exercise (95%CI: 1.69-7.21) compared with those mentioning heat as the predominant adverse condition. Individuals for whom ice or snow was an adverse winter weather condition were more likely to delay exercise (odds ratio (OR) = 3.34; 95%CI: 1.19-9.36), compared with those concerned with cold. CONCLUSION This study found that race, age, and education exacerbate the negative effects of adverse weather conditions on the decision to exercise outdoors. Accordingly, any recommendation for an individual to exercise outdoors should be combined with an evaluation of the individual's outdoor environment along with strategies for the individual to continue exercising, indoors or outdoors, when adverse weather is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abram L. Wagner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Florian Keusch
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA
| | - Ting Yan
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA
| | - Philippa J. Clarke
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106, USA
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Baek S, Evangelista LS, Kim Y. Role of regular physical activity in modifying cardiovascular disease risk factors among elderly Korean women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES : IJASS 2018; 30:20-30. [PMID: 35002588 PMCID: PMC8741148 DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2018.30.1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined physical activity (PA) participation rates and the role of PA in the modification of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors according to types of PA in elderly Korean women using data from 2007 to 2012 from a nationally representative South Korean database. MATERIALS AND METHOD In total, 3,456 elderly women aged ≥65 years, without CVD, were included in the study. CVD risk was evaluated using both the 10-year Framingham risk score (FRS) and atherogenic index (AI), as well as well-known CVD risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and hypercholesterolemia. RESULTS The PA participation rates were 4.7%, 33.9%, and 61.4% for the regular PA, regular walking, and no PA groups, respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that regular PA and regular walking were associated with a favorable lipid profile and lower AI, after controlling for socio-demographic factors and types of PA PA did not significantly affect the FRS. CONCLUSION This study suggests that regular PA and walking are important in the modification of CVD risk factors among elderly Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghui Baek
- Department of Sports & Leisure, Health & Wellness College, Sungshin Women’s University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Youngmee Kim
- Red Cross College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Muscle Strength of Lower Limbs as a Predictor of Postural Stability and Fear of Falling in Physically Active and Inactive Older Men and Women. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Peralta M, Martins J, Guedes DP, Sarmento H, Marques A. Socio-demographic correlates of physical activity among European older people. Eur J Ageing 2018. [PMID: 29531510 DOI: 10.1007/s10433-017-0430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
From a public health perspective, identifying factors related to attaining the physical activity (PA) recommendations is important in order to identify subgroups for intervention programs. The aim of this study is to identify the socio-demographic correlates of attaining the recommended levels of PA in the older European population. Using data from the European Social Survey round 6, PA and socio-demographic characteristics were collected from 10,148 participants (4556 men, 5592 women), aged 65 years and over, from 28 countries in 2012. PA was accessed using the question "On how many of the last seven days did you walk quickly, do sports, or other PA for 30 min or longer?" and meeting PA guidelines was assessed using World Health Organization criteria. Overall, 59.7% of the participants attained the PA-recommended levels. The likelihood of attaining PA recommendations was higher among older people with higher education levels (p < 0.05; p < 0.01; p < 0.001). Men who lived in a town or small city (p < 0.05) and lived in a rural area (p < 0.001) were more likely to attain the PA recommendations. Women who lived with a partner were more likely to attain the PA recommendations (p < 0.001). Promotion of PA is critical to health among older people; therefore, intervention programs must consider these socio-demographic factors when planning an increase in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Peralta
- 1Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Martins
- 2Laboratório de Pedagogia, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,3Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Hugo Sarmento
- 5Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre (CIDAF), Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physhical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- 6Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,7Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Tomita MR, Fisher NM, Nair S, Ramsey D, Persons K. Impact of Physical Activities on Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Women. PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS 2018; 36:107-119. [PMID: 30880864 DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2018.1443194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aims The aim of the study was to determine whether increased physical activities (PA) affect frailty for old women, 75 years and older (OO), compared to 60-74 years old (YO). Methods This crosssectional study measured 19 frailty indicators (muscle strength and endurance, balance, gait characteristics, and function), using 46 community-dwelling women. PA were divided into three levels by caloric expenditure per week (<2,000 kcal/week, 2,000-3,999 kcal/week,>4,000 kcal/week). Results As PA level increased, a gap (=difference) between OO and YO narrowed for step length and function, but for quadriceps strength and endurance, a gap widened. Conclusions Frailty progresses with aging but older women who engage in a high level of physical activity (>4,000 kcal/week) can increase mobility and functional capacity, but not for muscle strength and endurance. Starting regular resistance training activities early in the aging process is critical to improve or maintain muscle quality to offset age-related frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko R Tomita
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Nadine M Fisher
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sujata Nair
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Dan Ramsey
- D'Youville College, School of Health Professions Education, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Kimberley Persons
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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SANTOS VRD, ARAUJO MYC, CARDOSO MR, BATISTA VC, CHRISTOFARO DGD, GOBBO LA. Association of insufficient physical activity with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in individuals aged 50 years or more. REV NUTR 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652017000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association of insufficient physical activity in different domains with sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity in patients aged ³50 years. Methods: The sample consisted of 770 males and females. Sarcopenia was diagnosed when the individual had: (1) low muscle mass and muscle strength; or (2) low walking speed and low muscle mass; sarcopenic obesity was diagnosed when individuals were at risk of obesity and sarcopenia. Muscle mass was given by a predictive equation, and then the muscle mass index (in kg/m²) was given by muscle mass divided by height squared. Muscle strength, in kg, was given by measuring handgrip strength with a digital dynamometer. The 4m walk test evaluated walking sped. Low muscle mass, muscle strength, and walking speed were defined as the respective values below the 25th percentile, and risk of obesity was defined as body mass index ³25kg/m2. Results: Habitual physical activity was investigated by a questionnaire. Insufficient leisure-time physical activity was associated with sarcopenia (OR=2.55; 95%CI=1.10-5.88). In addition, insufficient leisure-time physical activity (OR=4.75; 95%CI=1.64-13.72), leisure-time and commuting physical activities (OR=2.49; 95%CI=1.02-6.11, and habitual physical activity (OR=3.55; 95%CI=1.0-11.79) were associated with sarcopenic obesity. Conclusion: Insufficient physical activity is associated with sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity in the study individuals aged ³50years.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Luís Alberto GOBBO
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil; Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
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Hinrichs T, Bücker B, Klaaßen-Mielke R, Brach M, Wilm S, Platen P, Mai A. Home-Based Exercise Supported by General Practitioner Practices: Ineffective in a Sample of Chronically Ill, Mobility-Limited Older Adults (the HOMEfit Randomized Controlled Trial). J Am Geriatr Soc 2016; 64:2270-2279. [PMID: 27676362 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects a home-based exercise program delivered to ill and mobility-limited elderly individuals on physical function, physical activity, quality of life, fall-related self-efficacy, and exercise self-efficacy. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial (ISRCTN Registry, Reg.-No. ISRCTN17727272). SETTING Fifteen general practitioner (GP) practices and participants' homes. PARTICIPANTS Chronically ill and mobility-limited individuals aged 70 and older (N = 209). INTERVENTIONS An exercise therapist delivered the experimental intervention-a 12-week multidimensional home-based exercise program integrating behavioral strategies-in individual counseling sessions at the GPs' practices and over the telephone. The control intervention focused on promoting light-intensity activities of daily living. Interventions took place between February 2012 and March 2013. MEASUREMENTS The primary outcome was functional lower body strength (chair-rise test). Secondary outcomes were physical function (battery of motor tests), physical activity (step count), health-related quality of life (Medical Outcomes Study 8-item Short-Form Survey), fall-related (Falls Efficacy Scale-International Version), and exercise self-efficacy (Selbstwirksamkeit zur sportlichen Aktivitaet (SSA) scale). Postintervention differences between the groups were tested using analysis of covariance (intention to treat; adjusted for baseline value and GP practice; significance level P ≤ .05). RESULTS Participants had a mean age ± standard deviation of 80 ± 5, 74% were female, 87% had three or more chronic diseases, and 54% used a walking aid. The difference (intention to treat; experimental minus control) between adjusted postintervention chair-rise times was -0.1 (95% confidence interval = -1.8-1.7). Differences for all secondary outcomes were also nonsignificant. CONCLUSION The program was ineffective in the target population. Possibilities for improving the concept will have to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bettina Bücker
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany.,Institute of General Practice, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Renate Klaaßen-Mielke
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Brach
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Wilm
- Institute of General Practice, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra Platen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anna Mai
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Ellaway A, Lamb KE, Ferguson NS, Ogilvie D. Associations between access to recreational physical activity facilities and body mass index in Scottish adults. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:756. [PMID: 27506767 PMCID: PMC4979148 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this country-wide study was to link individual health and behavioural data with area-level spatial data to examine whether the body mass index (BMI) of adults was associated with access to recreational physical activity (PA) facilities by different modes of transport (bus, car, walking, cycling) and the extent to which any associations were mediated by PA participation. METHODS Data on individual objectively-measured BMI, PA (number of days of (a) ≥20 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA, and (b) ≥15 min of sport or exercise, in previous 4 weeks), and socio-demographic characteristics were obtained from a nationally representative sample of 6365 adults. The number of accessible PA facilities per 1,000 individuals in each small area (data zones) was obtained by mapping a representative list of all fixed PA facilities throughout mainland Scotland. A novel transport network was developed for the whole country, and routes on foot, by bike, by car and by bus from the weighted population centroid of each data zone to each facility were calculated. Separate multilevel models were fitted to examine associations between BMI and each of the 24 measures of accessibility of PA facilities and BMI, adjusting for age, gender, longstanding illness, car availability, social class, dietary quality and urban/rural classification. RESULTS We found associations (p < 0.05) between BMI and 7 of the 24 accessibility measures, with mean BMI decreasing with increasing accessibility of facilities-for example, an estimated decrease of 0.015 BMI units per additional facility within a 20-min walk (p = 0.02). None of these accessibility measures were found to be associated with PA participation. CONCLUSIONS Our national study has shown that some measures of the accessibility of PA facilities by different modes of transport (particularly by walking and cycling) were associated with BMI; but PA participation, as measured here, did not appear to play a part in this relationship. Understanding the multi-factorial environmental influences upon obesity is key to developing effective interventions to reduce it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ellaway
- MRC/CCSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 200 Renfield Street, G2 3PG, Glasgow, UK.
| | | | - Neil S Ferguson
- MRC Epidemiology Unit and UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Welk GJ, Kim Y. Context of Physical Activity in a Representative Sample of Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016; 47:2102-10. [PMID: 25699482 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The establishment of formal physical activity (PA) guidelines has led to considerable interest in quantifying participation in moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA). However, evidence on the context of MVPA at the population level is scarce. The aim of this study was to provide information on the type, location, and purpose of MVPA in a representative sample of adults. METHODS Data from a representative sample of 1234 Iowa adults were included in this study. Each participant performed a telephone-administered 24-h PA recall method to recall PA in the previous 24 h. Self-reported data from the recall instrument included time and types of reported activities across five distinct location and purpose codes. Reported activities were matched with corresponding metabolic equivalent (MET) scores from a reduced list of compendium of physical activities. MVPA was defined as any activity with assigned MET ≥ 3.0. RESULTS Of the top 30 most frequently reported MVPA, 16 were lifestyle activities involving walking, and only 4 can be regarded as traditional "exercises." Occupational activities (41% for purpose and 40% for location) and household activities (37% for purpose and 39% for location) accounted for nearly 80% of total reported MVPA time. Time allocations across purpose and location codes considerably differed by sociodemographic indicators. CONCLUSION Lifestyle activities are more frequently reported than sports and/or recreational activities. Individuals with varying levels of sociodemographic indicators exhibit different patterns of use of time within a given day. A multidomain approach is needed to better understand and increase MVPA in diverse populations of US adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Welk
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
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Stephan AJ, Strobl R, Müller M, Holle R, Autenrieth CS, Thorand B, Linkohr B, Peters A, Grill E. A high level of household physical activity compensates for lack of leisure time physical activity with regard to deficit accumulation: Results from the KORA-Age study. Prev Med 2016; 86:64-9. [PMID: 26854764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 01/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging is associated with increasing loss of physiological resilience and successive accumulation of physiological deficits. This can be measured through a frailty index which sums up symptoms, health conditions and impairments. One possible factor in preventing or delaying deficit accumulation is physical activity. The effect of leisure time physical activity on health is well investigated; however, the effect of household physical activity is less clear. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association of household physical activity with deficit accumulation while controlling for level of leisure time physical activity. METHODS Data originates from the 2008 baseline assessment of the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg)-Age study from Southern Germany. A frailty index of deficit accumulation (Deficit Accumulation Index, DAI) was constructed from 31 age-related health deficits. Physical activity was measured with the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE). The association of deficit accumulation and physical activity was analyzed using negative binomial regression analysis. RESULTS The participants' (n=960, mean age 76years, 49.0% female) DAI ranged from 0.00 to 0.68. Higher levels of both types of physical activity were statistically significantly associated with less deficit accumulation. Participants in the highest household (leisure time) physical activity quartile had 29% (30%) less deficits than participants in the respective lowest quartiles. CONCLUSION High levels of household physical activity might compensate for low levels of leisure time physical activity in the prevention of deficit accumulation. Further research efforts investigating the temporal sequence of this association are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Janina Stephan
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Ralf Strobl
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rolf Holle
- Institute of Health Economics and Health Care Management, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christine S Autenrieth
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Thorand
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Birgit Linkohr
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Eva Grill
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometrics and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Horstmanshof L, Lingard RG, Coetzee S, Waddell LP. Clinical exercise physiology students learning with older adults: an innovative simulation-based education programme. Adv Simul (Lond) 2016; 1:11. [PMID: 29449980 PMCID: PMC5806354 DOI: 10.1186/s41077-016-0012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report on a series of placements for clinical exercise physiology students in a simulation-based education environment with older, independent adults. The purpose of these placement opportunities was to help prepare students to work confidently and competently with older adults in primary healthcare settings. The effectiveness of these placements was measured through semi-structured interviews with the students, their supervisors and the volunteer patients, and also by analysing the content of the students' written reflection assignments. A combination of directed content analysis, informed by the research objectives and imposed upon the data, and conventional content analysis, in which codes were developed from themes emerging from the data, was adopted. Coding was based on units of meaning. Overall, the placement aims were met. Students reported increased confidence in communicating with older adults and in using the tools of their trade. This innovative simulation-based education experience helped students gain an understanding of their developing professional identities. However, the data show that some students still failed to recognise the value and importance of communication when working with older adults. The older adults reported that they enjoyed interacting with the students and believed that they had helped the students gain a positive impression of the cognitive and physical abilities of older adults. These older adults had also gained insight into the benefits of exercise physiology in terms of their own wellbeing. This paper demonstrates the benefits of engaging community support in developing healthcare workers and provides guidelines for replication of these innovative simulation-based education experiences. The paper is limited to reporting the social and community engagement benefits for older adults and the learning opportunities for the clinical exercise physiology students. Further research is needed to demonstrate the health gains for older adults who participate in such programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Horstmanshof
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, 2480 NSW Australia
| | - Robert G. Lingard
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, 2480 NSW Australia
| | - Sonja Coetzee
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, 2480 NSW Australia
| | - Louise P. Waddell
- School of Health and Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore, 2480 NSW Australia
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Bueno DR, Marucci MDFN, Roediger MDA, Gomes IC, Duarte YADO, Lebrão ML. NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA, POR ACELEROMETRIA, EM IDOSOS DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO PAULO: ESTUDO SABE. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-869220162202148501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introdução: Estudos populacionais utilizam, geralmente, métodos indiretos de estimativa do nível de atividade física (NAF) da população. Entretanto, o erro de medida, principalmente quando se trata da população idosa, é grande. Estudos nacionais que usam medidas objetivas são escassos. Objetivo: Este estudo buscou descrever o perfil de prática de atividade física (AF) da população idosa do município de São Paulo utilizando-se acelerometria. Métodos: Este trabalho faz parte do estudo SABE, desenvolvido na capital do Estado de São Paulo e analisou os dados de 568 idosos (≥ 65 anos). O acelerômetro da marca Actigraph foi utilizado durante 3 dias consecutivos. Os idosos foram classificados segundo o NAF de acordo com as recomendações atuais de AF. O NAF foi descrito (média e IC 95%) segundo sexo e grupos etários (< 70 anos, 70 a 79 anos e ≥ 80 anos). As proporções de idosos em cada grupo de NAF foram descritas em termos relativos (%). As diferenças entre os grupos foram estimadas utilizando-se o teste generalizado de igualdade entre médias de Wald. Resultados: Os idosos considerados sedentários representaram 63,1% (48,3% dos homens e 71,7% das mulheres) e apresentaram média de idade maior; houve prevalência de 25,7% dos homens e 8,13% das mulheres classificados como fisicamente ativos, o que corresponde a apenas 14,6% do total de idosos. Os idosos gastam, em média, 12,6 (IC 95% 10,6 - 13,7) minutos por dia em atividades físicas consideradas de intensidade moderada e/ou vigorosa. A proporção de idosos fisicamente ativos é menor quanto maior for a idade. Conclusão: O NAF da população idosa do Município de São Paulo é baixo e considerado insuficiente, principalmente para o sexo feminino. Assim, houve maior proporção de idosos considerados sedentários e insuficientemente ativos quando comparados aos ativos.
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Mooney SJ, Joshi S, Cerdá M, Quinn JW, Beard JR, Kennedy GJ, Benjamin EO, Ompad DC, Rundle AG. Patterns of Physical Activity Among Older Adults in New York City: A Latent Class Approach. Am J Prev Med 2015; 49:e13-22. [PMID: 26091927 PMCID: PMC4546879 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little research to date has explored typologies of physical activity among older adults. An understanding of physical activity patterns may help to both determine the health benefits of different types of activity and target interventions to increase activity levels in older adults. This analysis, conducted in 2014, used a latent class analysis approach to characterize patterns of physical activity in a cohort of older adults. METHODS A total of 3,497 men and women aged 65-75 years living in New York City completed the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) in 2011. PASE scale items were used to classify subjects into latent classes. Multinomial regression was then used to relate individual and neighborhood characteristics to class membership. RESULTS Five latent classes were identified: "least active," "walkers," "domestic/gardening," "athletic," and "domestic/gardening athletic." Individual-level predictors, including more education, higher income, and better self-reported health, were associated with membership in the more-active classes, particularly the athletic classes. Residential characteristics, including living in single-family housing and living in the lower-density boroughs of New York City, were predictive of membership in one of the domestic/gardening classes. Class membership was associated with BMI even after controlling for total PASE score. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that individual and neighborhood characteristics are associated with distinct physical activity patterns in a group of older urban adults. These patterns are associated with body habitus independent of overall activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Mooney
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York
| | - Spruha Joshi
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York
| | - Magdalena Cerdá
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York
| | - James W Quinn
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York
| | - John R Beard
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gary J Kennedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Ebele O Benjamin
- Center for Evaluation and Applied Research, The New York Academy of Medicine, New York
| | - Danielle C Ompad
- Global Institute of Public Health and Center for Health, Identity, Behavior, and Prevention Studies, New York University, New York
| | - Andrew G Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York.
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Hayley AC, Williams LJ, Kennedy GA, Holloway KL, Berk M, Brennan-Olsen SL, Pasco JA. Excessive daytime sleepiness and falls among older men and women: cross-sectional examination of a population-based sample. BMC Geriatr 2015; 15:74. [PMID: 26141865 PMCID: PMC4491238 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-015-0068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) has been associated with an increased risk for falls among clinical samples of older adults. However, there is little detailed information among population-representative samples. The current study aimed to assess the relationship between EDS and falls among a cohort of population-based older adults. Methods This study assessed 367 women aged 60-93years (median 72, interquartile range 65-79) and 451 men aged 60-92years (median 73, interquartile range 66-80) who participated in the Geelong Osteoporosis Study between the years 2001 and 2008. Falls during the prior year were documented via self-report, and for men, falls risk score was obtained using an Elderly Fall Screening Test (EFST). Sleepiness was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and scores of ≥ 10 indicated EDS. Differences among those with and without EDS in regard to falls were tested using logistic regression models. Results Among women, 50 (13.6 %) individuals reported EDS. Women with EDS were more likely to report a fall, and were more likely to report the fall occurring outside. EDS was similarly associated with an increased risk of a fall following adjustment for use of a walking aid, cases of nocturia and antidepressant medication use (adjusted OR = 2.54, 95 % CI 1.24-5.21). Multivariate modelling revealed antidepressant use (current) as an effect modifier (p < .001 for the interaction term). After stratifying the data by antidepressant medication use, the association between EDS and falls was sustained following adjustment for nocturia among antidepressant non-users (adjusted OR = 2.63, 95 % CI 1.31-5.30). Among men, 72 (16.0 %) individuals reported EDS. No differences were detected for men with and without EDS in regard to reported falls, and a trend towards significance was noted between EDS and a high falls risk as assessed by the EFST (p = 0.06), however, age explained this relationship (age adjusted OR = 2.20, 95 % CI 1.03-1.10). Conclusions For women, EDS is independently associated with at least one fall during the previous year, and this is more likely to occur whilst located outside. Amelioration of EDS may assist in improving functional outcomes among these individuals by reducing the risk for falls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie C Hayley
- IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, Australia. .,Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.
| | - Lana J Williams
- IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Gerard A Kennedy
- School of Psychology, Counselling & Psychotherapy, Cairnmillar Institute, 993 Burke Road, Camberwell, Australia. .,Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Bowen Centre, Austin Health, PO Box 5555, Heidelberg, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Kara L Holloway
- IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, Australia. .,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Level 1 North, Main Block, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia. .,Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence for Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia. .,Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, 30 Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Sharon L Brennan-Olsen
- IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, Australia. .,NorthWest Academic Centre, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, CHRE Building, Level 3 East, Sunshine Hospital, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Julie A Pasco
- IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Barwon Health, PO Box 281, Geelong, Australia. .,NorthWest Academic Centre, Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, CHRE Building, Level 3 East, Sunshine Hospital, 176 Furlong Road, St Albans, Melbourne, Australia.
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Chen YM, Li YP, Yen ML. Gender Differences in the Predictors of Physical Activity Among Assisted Living Residents. J Nurs Scholarsh 2015; 47:211-8. [PMID: 25801588 DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuh-Min Chen
- Lambda Beta-at-Large , Associate professor, School of Nursing, China Medical University; and Supervisor, Department of Nursing; China Medical University Hospital; Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ping Li
- Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing; Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology; Taiwan
| | - Min-Ling Yen
- Supervisor, Department of Nursing; Kuang Tien General Hospital; Taiwan
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Prevalence and correlates of physical inactivity in community-dwelling older adults in Ireland. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118293. [PMID: 25671621 PMCID: PMC4324635 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The public health challenges associated with rapid population ageing are likely to be exacerbated by poor physical activity levels. The purpose of this study was to identify correlates of physical inactivity in a population-representative sample of older adults in Ireland. This paper reports a secondary analysis of data from 4892 adults aged 60+ from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). TILDA includes an assessment of the mental and physical health, and social and financial circumstances of participants assessed in a home interview and self-completion questionnaire. Chi squared statistics and forced entry logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with physical inactivity. Females were over twice as likely to be inactive as their male counterparts (Odds Ratio 2.2). Increasing old age was associated with inactivity among males and females. Those who reported above secondary level education, no reported falls in the last year and no fear of falling were less likely to be physically inactive. While older adults who noted poor/fair self-reported health, that they did not look after grandchildren, did not own a car or did not attend a course were also more likely to be inactive than those who reported positively for these items. Gender displayed a strong but often contrasting influence on factors that affect physical activity among older adults. Among females, living alone or in a rural area, retirement, fair/poor emotional health and activity being limited by illness were all significantly associated with inactivity. While cohabiting, being employed and residing in an urban area were related to low levels of activity in males. Our findings identify specific groups of the older Irish population who may be at particular risk of physical inactivity and thereby the associated physiological and psychological hazards. These results can support the development of tailored interventions to promote healthy ageing.
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Gardening as the dominant leisure time physical activity (LTPA) of older adults from a post-communist country. The results of the population-based PolSenior Project from Poland. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2015; 60:486-91. [PMID: 25661458 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the LTPA of older Polish citizens in the nationwide, representative population-based PolSenior Project. METHODS A study group comprising 4813 randomly recruited participants aged 65 and over was surveyed. Data concerning LTPA in relation to age, gender, place of residence, and social class have been reported. RESULTS Only 33.6% fulfilled the recommended LTPA criteria. Gardening (64.6%), walking (39.0%) and cycling (37.3%) were the most popular physical activities, followed by gymnastic exercises (18.2%) and dancing (12.8%). Village residents reported walking, gymnastics, swimming, tennis and dancing (32.5%, 9.1%, 1.8%, 0.1%, 8.1%) less frequently than those who live in cities, especially as compared to the residents of the largest cities (45.2%, 28.3%, 13.4%, 1.3%, 15.7%, respectively). However, the frequency of cycling generally decreased with the size of the place of residence. Village residents reported cycling and gardening more frequently (49.2% and 75.8%) than residents of the largest cities (20.6% and 45.8%, respectively). CONCLUSION There are several differences in the LTPA of older adults in Poland compared with those in North America or Western Europe. Community-based and environmental policies should concentrate on a combination of sustaining existing favorable physical activity (PA) habits (gardening and cycling), and developing access and motivation for participation in LTPA characteristic of developed countries.
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Mai A, Bloch A, Klaaßen-Mielke R, Platen P, Hinrichs T. Diurnal profiles of pedometer-determined physical activity in chronically ill and mobility-limited older adults: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:1268. [PMID: 25495494 PMCID: PMC4320556 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to analyze diurnal profiles of physical activity for community-dwelling adults aged 70 years and over, and to explore the moderating effect of sex, age, morbidity, mobility limitation, and season on physical activity throughout the day. Methods A sample of 149 primary health care patients (mean age 79.5 ± 5.2 years, 74.5% females) was included in the analyses. Participants’ physical activity was measured on up to six consecutive days via Omron Walking Style Pro HJ-720IT-E2 pedometer. Step count per day and per hour, and pedometer wear time were descriptively analyzed. A repeated measures ANOVA with physical activity per hour as dependent variable was performed to analyze the moderating effect of sex, age, morbidity, mobility limitation, and season on diurnal profiles of physical activity. The diurnal profile for the total sample and adjusted diurnal profiles for subgroups are presented. Results Participants’ daily step count averaged 3280 ± 1873 steps/day. They wore the pedometer for 14.2 ± 1.7 hours per day and walked on average 234 ± 139 steps per hour. With respect to diurnal profiles, there were two peaks at 10–11 AM (mean [95%-confidence interval]: 382 [329–435] steps) and at 3–4 pm (313 [261–365] steps) interrupted by a period of lower activity with a low point at 1–2 pm (229 [190–268] steps). A mobility limitation, defined by use of a cane or a rollator, had a significant moderating effect (p = 0.0237) on diurnal physical activity. Conclusions This is the first study to explore pedometer-determined diurnal profiles of physical activity in chronically ill and mobility-limited older adults. Prolonging periods of elevated physical activity in the afternoon while respecting individual daily routine and commitments could be one option for facilitating the integration of physical activity and for making it a habit in older adults’ daily lives. The use of a walking aid seems to be an indicator for a quite low activity plateau during the second half of the day. People who use walking aids should be motivated to increase their physical activity during afternoon; this might help to increase the overall low physical activity level of this vulnerable subgroup of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mai
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Springorumallee 5, 44795 Bochum, Germany.
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The association between the home environment and physical activity in community-dwelling older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res 2014; 26:377-85. [PMID: 24469902 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-014-0196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Physical activity (PA) decreases with increasing age despite the fact that PA exerts beneficial effects on many age-related diseases and conditions. Consequently, there is an interest in modifiable factors that may influence PA among older persons. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between PA and the home environment in well-functioning older community-dwelling persons. METHOD This study used a person-environment (P-E) fit perspective to the home environment, operationalized by means of assessment of functional limitations in 81 community-dwelling persons (median age 79 years) as well as environmental barriers in their home environments and the nearby exterior surroundings. The interaction between functional limitations and environmental barriers generated a score expressing the magnitude of P-E fit problems in their home environment. PA was rated with a questionnaire covering household-related and recreational activities. RESULTS We found a significant association between PA and the magnitude of P-E fit problems that explained 3.9 % of the variance of PA. The number of environmental barriers per se was not significantly associated with PA, while functional limitations explained 6.8 % of the variance of PA. CONCLUSION In well-functioning older persons living in the community environmental aspects of housing demonstrated a weak association with PA.
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Mosallanezhad Z, Salavati M, Sotoudeh GR, Nilsson Wikmar L, Frändin K. Walking habits and health-related factors in 75-year-old Iranian women and men. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2014; 58:320-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fuchs J, Scheidt-Nave C, Hinrichs T, Mergenthaler A, Stein J, Riedel-Heller SG, Grill E. Indicators for healthy ageing--a debate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:6630-44. [PMID: 24317381 PMCID: PMC3881131 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10126630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Definitions of healthy ageing include survival to a specific age, being free of chronic diseases, autonomy in activities of daily living, wellbeing, good quality of life, high social participation, only mild cognitive or functional impairment, and little or no disability. The working group Epidemiology of Ageing of the German Association of Epidemiology organized a workshop in 2012 with the aim to present different indicators used in German studies and to discuss their impact on health for an ageing middle-European population. Workshop presentations focused on prevalence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity, development of healthy life expectancy at the transition to oldest-age, physical activity, assessment of cognitive capability, and functioning and disability in old age. The communication describes the results regarding specific indicators for Germany, and hereby contributes to the further development of a set of indicators for the assessment of healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Fuchs
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, D-12101 Berlin, Germany; E-Mail:
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +49-30-187-543-169; Fax: +49-30-187-543-211
| | - Christa Scheidt-Nave
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, General-Pape-Str. 62-66, D-12101 Berlin, Germany; E-Mail:
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zaech Strasse 4, CH-6207 Nottwil, Switzerland; E-Mail:
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, University of Bochum, D-44801 Bochum; Germany
| | - Andreas Mergenthaler
- Bundesinstitut für Bevoelkerungsforschung (BiB), Federal Institute for Population Research, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 4, D-65185 Wiesbaden, Germany; E-Mail:
| | - Janine Stein
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 55, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; E-Mails: (J.S.); (S.G.R.-H.)
| | - Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health (ISAP), Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Philipp-Rosenthal-Straße 55, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany; E-Mails: (J.S.); (S.G.R.-H.)
| | - Eva Grill
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IBE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany; E-Mail:
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Brach M, Moschny A, Bücker B, Klaaßen-Mielke R, Trampisch M, Wilm S, Platen P, Hinrichs T. Recruiting hard-to-reach subjects for exercise interventions: a multi-centre and multi-stage approach targeting general practitioners and their community-dwelling and mobility-limited patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:6611-29. [PMID: 24317380 PMCID: PMC3881130 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10126611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The general practitioner (GP)’s practice appears to be an ideal venue for recruiting community-dwelling older adults with limited mobility. This study (Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN17727272) aimed at evaluating the recruiting process used for a multi-centre exercise intervention (HOMEfit). Each of six steps resulted in an absolute number of patients (N1–N6). Sex and age (for N4–N6) and reasons for dropping out were assessed. Patient database screening (N1–N3) at 15 GP practices yielded N1 = 5,990 patients aged 70 and above who had visited their GP within the past 6 months, N2 = 5,467 after exclusion of institutionalised patients, N3 = 1,545 patients eligible. Using a pre-defined limitation algorithm in order to conserve the practices’ resources resulted in N4 = 1,214 patients (80.3 ± 5.6 years, 68% female), who were then officially invited to the final assessment of eligibility at the GP’s practice. N5 = 434 patients (79.5 ± 5.4 years, 69% female) attended the practice screening (n = 13 of whom had not received an official invitation). Finally, N6 = 209 (79.8 ± 5.2 years, 74% female) were randomised after they were judged eligible and had given their written informed consent to participate in the randomised controlled trial (overall recruitment rate: 4.4%). The general strategy of utilising a GP’s practice to recruit the target group proved beneficial. The data and experiences presented here can help planners of future exercise-intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Brach
- Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +49-251-833-2326; Fax: +49-251-833-4862
| | - Anna Moschny
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; E-Mails: (A.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Bettina Bücker
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58448 Witten, Germany; E-Mail:
- Institute of General Practice, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; E-Mail:
| | - Renate Klaaßen-Mielke
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiolgy, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; E-Mails: (R.K.-M.); (M.T.)
| | - Matthias Trampisch
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiolgy, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; E-Mails: (R.K.-M.); (M.T.)
| | - Stefan Wilm
- Institute of General Practice, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; E-Mail:
| | - Petra Platen
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; E-Mails: (A.M.); (P.P.)
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; E-Mails: (A.M.); (P.P.)
- Impairment Control, Capacity Building & Health Maintenance Unit, Swiss Paraplegic Research, 6207 Nottwil, Switzerland; E-Mail:
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Ryu M, Jo J, Lee Y, Chung YS, Kim KM, Baek WC. Association of physical activity with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older adults: the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Age Ageing 2013; 42:734-40. [PMID: 23761456 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/aft063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE this study examined the association of physical activity with sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among the community-dwelling Korean elderly. METHODS subjects consisted of 2,264 aged 65 years or older in the 2008-09 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Sarcopenia was defined as 2 SD below the mean of the appendicular skeletal muscle/weight for healthy young adults. Obesity was defined as waist circumference ≥ 90 cm for men and ≥ 85 cm for women. Levels of physical activity were classified using the metabolic equivalent task method. RESULTS the prevalence of sarcopenia was 12.1% in men and 11.9% in women. Among those with sarcopenia, obesity was prevalent in 68.3% of men and 65.0% of women. Adjusting for all covariates, compared with those with low physical activity, men who engaged in moderate and high activity were 38% and 74%, respectively, less likely to have sarcopenia (Ptrend < 0.001). In women, the relationship between physical activity and sarcopenia was not significant. For sarcopenic obesity, men participating in moderate [odds ratio (OR) = 0.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.26-0.87] and high (OR = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.12-0.60) physical activity, compared with low activity, had significantly lower risk (Ptrend = 0.001). In women, high physical activity was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenic obesity (OR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.22-0.86). CONCLUSION physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in older Korean adults. There were gender differences in the relationship, with stronger associations observed in men than in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikyung Ryu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164 World cup-ro, Youngtong-gu, Suwon 443-721, Republic of Korea
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Li KK, Cardinal BJ, Acock AC. Concordance of physical activity trajectories among middle-aged and older married couples: impact of diseases and functional difficulties. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2013; 68:794-806. [PMID: 23873967 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbt068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study examined spousal concordance of physical activity trajectories among middle-aged and older married couples and the influences of recent diseases and functional difficulties on individuals' trajectories and those of their spouses'. METHOD Participants included 5,074 married couples aged 50 or older in the Health and Retirement Study in 2004-2010. Participants were categorized into 4 physical activity trajectories (i.e., stable active, adopters, relapsers, and stable sedentary) using confirmatory latent class growth analysis. Individuals' trajectory memberships were predicted by their spouses' memberships, together with recent diseases and functional difficulties of both couple members. RESULTS In the main, corresponding husbands' trajectories predicted wives' trajectories and vice versa. More functional difficulties predicted higher likelihoods of unfavorable trajectories among individuals but not of their spouses'. Among wives, more recent diseases predicted slightly more physical activity in subsequent data waves but not trajectory memberships. DISCUSSION Results supported spousal concordance in physical activity trajectories. The negative impact of functional difficulties was considerably contained within individuals. Increases in physical activity after acquiring diseases among wives were small and short lived. More research is needed to understand the underlying processes, which can be used to improve the design of future physical activity interventions directed toward women, men, and couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kin-Kit Li
- Correspondence should be addressed to Kin-Kit Li, Y7405 Academic 1, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China.
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Housework reduces all-cause and cancer mortality in Chinese men. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61529. [PMID: 23667441 PMCID: PMC3647044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leisure time physical activity has been extensively studied. However, the health benefits of non-leisure time physical activity, particular those undertaken at home on all-cause and cancer mortality are limited, particularly among the elderly. Methods We studied physical activity in relation to all-cause and cancer mortality in a cohort of 4,000 community-dwelling elderly aged 65 and older. Leisure time physical activity (sport/recreational activity and lawn work/yard care/gardening) and non-leisure time physical activity (housework, home repairs and caring for another person) were self-reported on the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly. Subjects with heart diseases, stroke, cancer or diabetes at baseline were excluded (n = 1,133). Results Among the 2,867 subjects with a mean age of 72 years at baseline, 452 died from all-cause and 185 died from cancer during the follow-up period (2001–2012). With the adjustment for age, education level and lifestyle factors, we found an inverse association between risk of all-cause mortality and heavy housework among men, with the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.72 (95%CI = 0.57–0.92). Further adjustment for BMI, frailty index, living arrangement, and leisure time activity did not change the result (HR = 0.71, 95%CI = 0.56–0.91). Among women, however, heavy housework was not associated with all-cause mortality. The risk of cancer mortality was significantly lower among men who participated in heavy housework (HR = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.35–0.78), whereas among women the risk was not significant. Men participated in light housework also were at lower risk of cancer mortality than were their counterparts, however, the association was not significant. Leisure time physical activity was not related to all-cause or cancer mortality in either men or women. Conclusion Heavy housework is associated with reduced mortality and cancer deaths over a 9-year period. The underlying mechanism needs further study.
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Choi M, Yeom HA, Jung D. Association between physical activity and metabolic syndrome in older adults in Korea: Analysis of data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV. Nurs Health Sci 2013; 15:379-86. [DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Choi
- College of Nursing; Yonsei University; Seoul; Korea
| | - Hye-A Yeom
- College of Nursing; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul; Korea
| | - Dukyoo Jung
- Department of Nursing Science; College of Health Sciences; Ewha Womans University; Seoul; Korea
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The prevalence and correlates of meeting the current physical activity for health guidelines in older people: a cross-sectional study in Brazilian women. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2013; 56:492-500. [PMID: 23305826 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the prevalence and correlates of meeting the current physical activity for health (PAfH) guidelines, proposed by the World Health Organization in 2010, in community-dwelling older women from Brazil. A cross-sectional study was performed with 1806 women (aged 60.0-92.7 years) who were randomly selected from eighteen care centers. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to determine the weekly time spent in physical activities, and this variable was categorized into three categories (0<150min/wk; 1: 150-299.9min/wk; 2: ≥300min/wk). Age, race/ethnicity, economic class, education level, occupational and marital status, body mass index and blood pressure status, medical conditions, use of medications, and self-rated health status were the potential correlates. The ordinal logistic regression was used as a measure of association. From the total group of participants, 49.9% followed the current recommendations related to basic health benefits (150-299min/wk), and 35.9% met the guidelines for additional health effects (300 or more min/wk). Women with secondary complete education (OR=1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-1.74), positive self-rated health (OR=5.25, 95% CI: 2.10-13.09), and high blood pressure (OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.09-1.62) were more likely to meet the current PAfH guidelines than their peers with primary incomplete education, negative self-rated health, and normal blood pressure. Increasing age was inversely associated with meeting the PAfH guidelines (odds ranging: 0.77-0.48). These results highlighted the elderly population subgroups, in a developing country, that needspecific guidelinesfor inclusion inhealth programs andmotivation toparticipate in physical activities.
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Rydwik E, Welmer AK, Kåreholt I, Angleman S, Fratiglioni L, Wang HX. Adherence to physical exercise recommendations in people over 65--the SNAC-Kungsholmen study. Eur J Public Health 2012; 23:799-804. [PMID: 23115329 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cks150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited knowledge regarding to what extent the older population meet the recommendations of physical exercise, especially fitness-enhancing exercise. This study assessed participation in health- and fitness-enhancing exercises in people aged >65, and explored to what extent the possible differences in meeting current recommendations differs by age, gender and education. METHODS The study population was derived from the Swedish National study on Aging and Care, and consisted of a random sample of 2593 subjects, aged 65+ years. Participation in health- and fitness-enhancing exercise according to the WHO and the American College of Sports Medicine's recommendations in relation to age, gender and education was evaluated using multinomial logistic regression adjusted for health indicators and physical performance. RESULTS According to the recommendations, 46% of the participants fulfilled the criteria for health-enhancing and 16% for fitness-enhancing exercises. Independent of health indicators and physical performance, women <80 years of age were less likely than men to participate in fitness-enhancing exercise, but they participated more in health-enhancing exercise. In the advanced age group (80+ years), women were less likely to participate both in fitness- and health-enhancing exercise. Advanced age and low education were negatively related to participation in both health- and fitness-enhancing exercise independent of health indicators, but the association was not observed among people with fast walking speed. CONCLUSION Promoting physical exercise and encouraging participation among older adults with lower education, especially among those with initial functional decline, may help to reduce adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rydwik
- 1 Departement of Neurobiology, Caring Sciences and Society, Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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