P02.50. Naturopathy and yoga based life style intervention for cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with cardiovascular risk factors: a pilot study

Effect of health education-based yoga & naturopathy lifestyle interventions on personality of patients with non-communicable diseases: A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND

Personality traits play a role in the progression and management of chronic diseases. However, a change in personality is seldom considered an outcome in the management of chronic diseases. The present study explored if a health education-based yoga & naturopathy lifestyle intervention group (HYNLG) can induce change in the personality traits, vitality, quality of life (QoL), and satisfaction in patients with non-communicable diseases compared to a therapy-centric yoga & naturopathy lifestyle intervention (TYNLG).

METHODS

This randomized control trial included 56 participants who were equally randomized into the HYNLG and TYNLG groups. Both groups received a 10-day inpatient regimen that included hydrotherapy, mud therapy, diet therapy, supervised fasting, sunbathing, acupressure, and massage therapy. Additionally, HYNLG received a 10-day orientation (1 h/d) on concepts centered around belief systems, lifestyle changes, and their impact on health. Vedic Personality Inventory, SF-12 QoL questionnaire, visual analog scale, Hamilton Anxiety Inventory, and Visit-Specific Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire were used as outcome measures. The changes between the time points were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests, and Pearson correlation was used to investigate the association between the variables.

RESULTS

The Sattva (balance and stability) personality trait has significantly increased in HYNLG, while the Rajas (activity and imbalance) and Tamas (inertia and dullness) personalities have decreased. HYNLG also demonstrated a significant improvement in mental QoL, vitality, anxiety reduction, and patient satisfaction when compared to TYNLG.

CONCLUSION

These findings may have serious clinical and public health implications as they provide insights on the usefulness of introducing a health education component into lifestyle modification programs.

Raising burden of non-communicable diseases: importance of integrating Yoga and Naturopathy at primary care level

Primary health care is a vital component in health care delivery. Non-communicable diseases (NCD's) are rising like a major threat to human survival, which is expected to account for 75% of the total mortality by 2030. Lifestyle and behavioural changes are reckoned as the way ahead. Yoga and Naturopathy, a drugless system of medicine has intersecting paradigms which addresses all planes of health effectively. Yoga and Naturopathy through its holistic approach educate and make the people responsible for their own health. It has shown its efficacy in alleviating and preventing various NCD's. A systematic approach should be initiated, which can channelize the integration of Yoga and Naturopathy at the primary care level considering its cost-effectiveness and efficacy over NCD's.

The State of the Evidence for Whole-System, Multi-Modality Naturopathic Medicine: A Systematic Scoping Review

Objective: To summarize the current state of the research evidence for whole-system, multi-modality naturopathic medicine.

Design: A systematic search for research articles from around the world was undertaken using MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, and WHO regional indexes. Naturopathic journals and gray literature were hand searched. No language restrictions were imposed.

Interventions: All human research evaluating the effectiveness of naturopathic medicine, where two or more naturopathic modalities are delivered by naturopathic clinicians, were included in the review. Case studies of five or more cases were included.

Results: Thirty-three published studies (n = 9859) met inclusion criteria (11 American; 4 Canadian; 6 German; 7 Indian; 3 Australian; 1 United Kingdom; and 1 Japanese) across a range of mainly chronic clinical conditions. The studies predominantly showed evidence for the efficacy of naturopathic medicine for the conditions and settings in which they were based.

Conclusions: To date, research in whole-system, multi-modality naturopathic medicine shows that it is effective for treating cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal pain, type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, depression, anxiety, and a range of complex chronic conditions.

Yoga for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease

BACKGROUND

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of early morbidity and mortality in most developed countries. Secondary prevention aims to prevent repeat cardiac events and death in people with established CHD. Lifestyle modifications play an important role in secondary prevention. Yoga has been regarded as a type of physical activity as well as a stress management strategy. Growing evidence suggests the beneficial effects of yoga on various ailments.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the effectiveness of yoga for the secondary prevention of mortality and morbidity in, and on the health-related quality of life of, individuals with CHD.

SEARCH METHODS

This is an update of a review previously published in 2012. For this updated review, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library (Issue 1 of 12, 2014), MEDLINE (1948 to February week 1 2014), EMBASE (1980 to 2014 week 6), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters, 1970 to 12 February 2014), China Journal Net (1994 to May 2014), WanFang Data (1990 to May 2014), and Index to Chinese Periodicals of Hong Kong (HKInChiP) (from 1980). Ongoing studies were identified in the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (May 2014) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (May 2014). We applied no language restrictions.

SELECTION CRITERIA

We planned to include randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the influence of yoga practice on CHD outcomes in men and women (aged 18 years and over) with a diagnosis of acute or chronic CHD. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they had a follow-up duration of six months or more. We considered studies that compared one group practicing a type of yoga with a control group receiving either no intervention or interventions other than yoga.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

Two authors independently selected studies according to prespecified inclusion criteria. We resolved disagreements either by consensus or by discussion with a third author.

MAIN RESULTS

We found no eligible RCTs that met the inclusion criteria of the review and thus we were unable to perform a meta-analysis.

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS

The effectiveness of yoga for secondary prevention in CHD remains uncertain. Large RCTs of high quality are needed.

Yoga for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease

BACKGROUND

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of early morbidity and mortality in most developed countries. Secondary prevention aims to prevent repeat cardiac events and death in people with established CHD. Lifestyle modifications play an important role in secondary prevention. Yoga has been regarded as a type of physical activity as well as a stress management strategy. Growing evidence suggests the beneficial effects of yoga on various ailments.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the effectiveness of yoga for the secondary prevention of mortality and morbidity in, and on the health-related quality of life of, individuals with CHD.

SEARCH METHODS

This is an update of a review previously published in 2012. For this updated review, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library (Issue 1 of 12, 2014), MEDLINE (1948 to February week 1 2014), EMBASE (1980 to 2014 week 6), Web of Science (Thomson Reuters, 1970 to 12 February 2014), China Journal Net (1994 to May 2014), WanFang Data (1990 to May 2014), and Index to Chinese Periodicals of Hong Kong (HKInChiP) (from 1980). Ongoing studies were identified in the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (May 2014) and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (May 2014). We applied no language restrictions.

SELECTION CRITERIA

We planned to include randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the influence of yoga practice on CHD outcomes in men and women (aged 18 years and over) with a diagnosis of acute or chronic CHD. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they had a follow-up duration of six months or more. We considered studies that compared one group practicing a type of yoga with a control group receiving either no intervention or interventions other than yoga.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

Two authors independently selected studies according to prespecified inclusion criteria. We resolved disagreements either by consensus or by discussion with a third author.

MAIN RESULTS

We found no eligible RCTs that met the inclusion criteria of the review and thus we were unable to perform a meta-analysis.

AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS

The effectiveness of yoga for secondary prevention in CHD remains uncertain. Large RCTs of high quality are needed.