1
|
Anders ME, Vuk J, Rhee SW. Interactive retrieval practice in renal physiology improves performance on customized National Board of Medical Examiners examination of medical students. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2022; 46:35-40. [PMID: 34709944 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00118.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Retrieval practice improves long-term retention. Use of interactive retrieval practice in large group, in-person and online live classes, in combination with outside resources, is unreported for medical physiology classes. The primary study purpose was to compare student cohorts' performance with or without retrieval practice in renal physiology classes, relative to the national average on customized national examinations in renal physiology, nonphysiology, and all questions. The secondary purpose was to examine the students' educational experience. For the primary purpose, we used a nonequivalent group, posttest-only design. For the secondary purpose, we used cross-sectional and qualitative designs. We analyzed examination results of 684 students in four academic years. For renal physiology questions, students performed significantly better in years with retrieval practice compared with years without it (P < 0.001). There was no change in nonphysiology scores over the four years. Performance in all questions, too, significantly improved (P < 0.001). A large majority (86%) of students indicated retrieval practice helped them learn renal physiology. Student ratings of quality in online classes, which featured interactive retrieval practice, were higher than that of in-person classes (P < 0.001). Qualitative analysis revealed students found interactive retrieval practice, scaffolding, outside resources, and the instructor's teaching style helpful. Educators in medical physiology classes can use our findings to implement interactive retrieval practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Anders
- Educational Development, Academic Affairs, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Jasna Vuk
- Student Success Center, Academic Affairs, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Sung W Rhee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Turkistani KA. The use of innovative cost-saving audience response system in orthodontic case-based learning: A potential approach in distance learning. J Orthod Sci 2021; 10:4. [PMID: 34084760 PMCID: PMC8102936 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_44_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To provide a cost-saving innovative audience response system (ARS) that permits typing texts and compare its efficiency to the paper-based method in case-based learning (CBL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Orthodontic clinical cases were presented to 149 undergraduate dental students for discussion among teammates. Responses were collected using ARS-based and paper-based. ARS was constructed from an online survey platform (Google forms) then QR code was created for easy and fast access. Students used their cellphones to scan code, view questions, discuss, type, and submit answers within 10 minutes. Feedbacks were collected using a feedback survey. Outcome measures included the number of words, spelling mistakes, time required by the instructor to read submissions, and activity time compliance. RESULTS: The average number of words submitted by females in ARS-based 47 ± 8 was significantly higher than 35 ± 16 paper-based, and male ARS-based 36 ± 18 (P < 0.05). ARS-based submissions required significantly less time to read compared to paper-based among whole group, females, males (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, P < 0.001), respectively. Spelling mistakes were lower 1 ± 1 in ARS-based compared to paper-based 2 ± 2. The ARS-based first submission was (-4.28) minutes before the deadline, while paper-based last submission was (+2.19) minutes after (P < 0.05). ARS-based submissions were 12.5 seconds faster to read than paper-based (P < 0.001). Out of 56.4% of respondents, 63.1% preferred using ARS-based and 80% agreed that it provided immediate feedback, with high overall satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: This innovated ARS was found to facilitate CBL. It is superior in time and cost-saving to paper-based and other ARSs. It could be useful in distance learning especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadijah A Turkistani
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Comparative Evaluation of Selected Biological Methods for the Removal of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Odorous VOCs from Air. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7040187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to increasingly stringent legal regulations as well as increasing social awareness, the removal of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air is gaining importance. This paper presents the strategy to compare selected biological methods intended for the removal of different air pollutants, especially of odorous character. Biofiltration, biotrickling filtration and bioscrubbing technologies are evaluated in terms of their suitability for the effective removal of either hydrophilic or hydrophobic VOCs as well as typical inorganic odorous compounds. A pairwise comparison model was used to assess the performance of selected biological processes of air treatment. Process efficiency, economic, technical and environmental aspects of the treatment methods are taken into consideration. The results of the calculations reveal that biotrickling filtration is the most efficient method for the removal of hydrophilic VOCs while biofilters enable the most efficient removal of hydrophobic VOCs. Additionally, a simple approach for preliminary method selection based on a decision tree is proposed. The presented evaluation strategies may be especially helpful when considering the treatment strategy for air polluted with various types of odorous compounds.
Collapse
|
4
|
Datta R, Datta K, Venkatesh MD. Evaluation of interactive teaching for undergraduate medical students using a classroom interactive response system in India. Med J Armed Forces India 2015; 71:239-45. [PMID: 26285666 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The classical didactic lecture has been the cornerstone of the theoretical undergraduate medical education. Their efficacy however reduces due to reduced interaction and short attention span of the students. It is hypothesized that the interactive response pad obviates some of these drawbacks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive response system by comparing it with conventional classroom teaching. METHODS A prospective comparative longitudinal study was conducted on 192 students who were exposed to either conventional or interactive teaching over 20 classes. Pre-test, Post-test and retentions test (post 8-12 weeks) scores were collated and statistically analysed. An independent observer measured number of student interactions in each class. RESULTS Pre-test scores from both groups were similar (p = 0.71). There was significant improvement in both post test scores when compared to pre-test scores in either method (p < 0.001). The interactive post-test score was better than conventional post test score (p < 0.001) by 8-10% (95% CI-difference of means - 8.2%-9.24%-10.3%). The interactive retention test score was better than conventional retention test score (p < 0.001) by 15-18% (95% CI-difference of means - 15.0%-16.64%-18.2%). There were 51 participative events in the interactive group vs 25 in the conventional group. CONCLUSIONS The Interactive Response Pad method was efficacious in teaching. Students taught with the interactive method were likely to score 8-10% higher (statistically significant) in the immediate post class time and 15-18% higher (statistically significant) after 8-12 weeks. The number of student-teacher interactions increases when using the interactive response pads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Datta
- Senior Adviser (ENT), Command Hospital (Western Command), Chandimandir, India
| | - Karuna Datta
- Professor and Head (Physiology), Army College of Medical Sciences, Delhi Cantt, India
| | - M D Venkatesh
- Dean & Dy Comdt, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Eriksen JG, Salembier C, Rivera S, De Bari B, Berger D, Mantello G, Müller AC, Martin AN, Pasini D, Tanderup K, Palmu M, Verfaillie C, Pötter R, Valentini V. Four years with FALCON – An ESTRO educational project: Achievements and perspectives. Radiother Oncol 2014; 112:145-9. [PMID: 25070586 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carl Salembier
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Europe Hospitals, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofia Rivera
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Berardino De Bari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Berger
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Danilo Pasini
- Department of Radiotherapy, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Kari Tanderup
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | | | - Richard Pötter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rush BR, White BJ, Allbaugh RA, Jones ML, Klocke EE, Miesner M, Towle-Millard HA, Roush JK. Investigation into the impact of audience response devices on short- and long-term content retention. JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL EDUCATION 2013; 40:171-176. [PMID: 23709112 DOI: 10.3138/jvme.1012-091r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Audience Response Systems (ARSs) may enhance short-term knowledge retention. Long-term knowledge retention is more difficult to demonstrate. According to previous studies, ARS questions requiring application of knowledge or peer interaction are more effective in maintaining student attention. The purpose of this study was to determine if peer discussion or individual-knowledge questions enhance short- and/or long-term knowledge retention. Third-year veterinary students responded to ARS questions posed in individual knowledge (n=3 questions) and peer discussion (n=3 questions) format from six different instructors. To test short-term memory, the same questions were delivered during the course examination (within 21 days). To test long-term retention, these questions were posed during a retention exercise (four months later). On the course examination, students had a higher (p<.01) probability (±SE) of correctly answering ARS individual-knowledge questions (93.8 ± 1.8%) compared to novel (previously unseen, non-ARS control) course examination questions (87.5 ± 3.1%), but the probability of correctly answering examination questions previously posed using ARS peer discussion format (89.5 ± 3.0%) did not differ from individual knowledge or novel examination questions. The positive impact of ARS-knowledge questions was not maintained through the retention exercise. Neither individual knowledge (70.5 ± 6.4%) nor peer-discussion questions (67.5 ± 6.9%) performed better on the retention exercise than the questions that appeared only on the course examination (68.6 ± 6.1%). Curricular strategies that emphasize content review may be more powerful than strategies that strengthen initial learning for long-term content retention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie R Rush
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Mahattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nelson C, Hartling L, Campbell S, Oswald AE. The effects of audience response systems on learning outcomes in health professions education. A BEME systematic review: BEME Guide No. 21. MEDICAL TEACHER 2012; 34:e386-405. [PMID: 22578049 DOI: 10.3109/0142159x.2012.680938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Audience response systems (ARS) represent one approach to make classroom learning more active. Although ARS may have pedagogical value, their impact is still unclear. This systematic review aims to examine the effect of ARS on learning outcomes in health professions education. METHODS After a comprehensive literature search, two reviewers completed title screening, full-text review and quality assessment of comparative studies in health professions education. Qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis of immediate and longer term knowledge scores were conducted. RESULTS Twenty-one of 1013 titles were included. Most studies evaluated ARS in lectures (20 studies) and in undergraduates (14 studies). Fourteen studies reported statistically significant improvement in knowledge scores with ARS. Meta-analysis showed greater differences with non-randomised study design. Qualitative synthesis showed greater differences with non-interactive teaching comparators and in postgraduates. Six of 21 studies reported student reaction; 5 favoured ARS while 1 had mixed results. CONCLUSION This review provides some evidence to suggest the effectiveness of ARS in improving learning outcomes. These findings are more striking when ARS teaching is compared to non-interactive sessions and when non-randomised study designs are used. This review highlights the importance of having high quality studies with balanced comparators available to those making curricular decisions.
Collapse
|
8
|
van Ooijen P, Broekema A, Oudkerk M. Design and implementation of I2Vote – An interactive image-based voting system using windows mobile devices. Int J Med Inform 2011; 80:562-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Revised: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Liu FC, Gettig JP, Fjortoft N. Impact of a student response system on short- and long-term learning in a drug literature evaluation course. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION 2010; 74:6. [PMID: 20221357 PMCID: PMC2829154 DOI: 10.5688/aj740106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/26/2009] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of a student response system on short- and long-term learning in a required second-year pharmacy course. METHOD Student volunteers enrolled in the course Drug Literature Evaluation were blinded and randomized to 1 of 2 groups. Group 1 attended a lecture in which the instructor used a student response system. Group 2 attended the same lecture by the same instructor an hour later, but no student response system was used. A 16-point unannounced quiz on the lecture material was administered to both groups at the end of class. Approximately 1 month later, both groups were given another unannounced quiz on the same material to test long-term student learning. RESULTS One hundred seventy-nine (92.3%) students participated in both quizzes. Students who attended the class in which the student response system was used scored an average 1 point higher on quiz 1 than students who were assigned to the control group (10.7 vs. 9.7; p = 0.02). No significant difference was seen between the quiz 2 scores of the 2 groups (9.5 vs. 9.5; p = 0.99). CONCLUSIONS The use of a student response system can positively impact students' short-term learning; however, that positive effect did not appear to last over time. Faculty members may want to consider the use of student response systems to enhance student learning in large lecture classes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flora C Liu
- Midwestern University Chicago College of Pharmacy, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
A technology-driven generation of students expects faculty to use innovative and interactive approaches to teaching. To address this issue, the authors discuss their use of one classroom participation system, the i>Clicker, and student outcomes.
Collapse
|
11
|
Jones RW. Learning and teaching in small groups: characteristics, benefits, problems and approaches. Anaesth Intensive Care 2008; 35:587-92. [PMID: 18020080 DOI: 10.1177/0310057x0703500420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Small group learning may be defined as a group of learners demonstrating three common characteristics; active participation, a specific task and reflection. This article provides an overview of small group learning and teaching, describes the characteristics of this form of small group work, benefits, problems, potential causes of less than optimal sessions, and summarises specific approaches. These include tutorials, free-discussion groups, brainstorming, snowballing, buzz groups, paired (or one-to-one) discussion, clinical teaching, simulations, seminars, plenary sessions, problem-based learning, team-based learning, role plays, games and IT approaches. The article concludes with an emphasis on the importance of the teacher and a check list for use when planning, teaching and evaluating a small group session.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R W Jones
- Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, Centre for Medical and Health Sciences Education, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Duggan PM, Palmer E, Devitt P. Electronic voting to encourage interactive lectures: a randomised trial. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2007; 7:25. [PMID: 17655773 PMCID: PMC3225808 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-7-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2006] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electronic Voting Systems have been used for education in a variety of disciplines. Outcomes from these studies have been mixed. Because results from these studies have been mixed, we examined whether an EVS system could enhance a lecture's effect on educational outcomes. METHODS A cohort of 127 Year 5 medical students at the University of Adelaide was stratified by gender, residency status and academic record then randomised into 2 groups of 64 and 63 students. Each group received consecutive 40-minute lectures on two clinical topics. One group received the EVS for both topics. The other group received traditional teaching only. Evaluation was undertaken with two, 15-question multiple-choice questionnaires (MCQ) assessing knowledge and problem solving and undertaken as a written paper immediately before and after the lectures and repeated online 8-12 weeks later. Standardised institutional student questionnaires were completed for each lecture and independent observers assessed student behaviour during the lectures. Lecturer's opinions were assessed by a questionnaire developed for this study. RESULTS Two-thirds of students randomised to EVS and 59% of students randomised to traditional lectures attended. One-half of the students in the EVS group and 41% in the traditional group completed all questionnaires. There was no difference in MCQ scores between EVS and traditional lectures (p = 0.785). The cervical cancer lectures showed higher student ranking in favour of EVS in all parameters. The breast cancer lectures showed higher ranking in favour of traditional lectures in 5 of 7 parameters (p < 0.001). The observed higher-order lecturer-students interactions were increased in the EVS lecture for one lecturer and reduced for the other. Both lecturers felt that the EVS lectures were difficult to prepare, that they were able to keep to time in the traditional lectures, that the educational value of both lecture styles was similar, and that they were neutral-to-slightly favourably disposed to continue with the EVS technology. The 2 lecturers disagreed regarding the ease of preparation of the traditional lecture, their ability to keep to time in the EVS lecture, and personal satisfaction with the EVS lecture. The lecturers felt that EVS encouraged student participation and helped identify where students were having difficulty. CONCLUSION In this setting, EVS technology used in large group lectures did not offer significant advantages over the more traditional lecture format.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Duggan
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Edward Palmer
- Centre for Learning and Professional Development, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter Devitt
- Discipline of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| |
Collapse
|