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Revisiting human T-cell lymphotropic virus types 1 and 2 infections among rural population in Gabon, central Africa thirty years after the first analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006833. [PMID: 30359373 PMCID: PMC6201875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
HTLV-1 infection is considered as highly endemic in central Africa. Thirty years ago, a first epidemiological study was performed in Gabon, central Africa, and revealed that the prevalence varied from 5.0 to 10.5%. To evaluate current distribution of HTLVs in Gabon, 4.381 samples were collected from rural population living in 220 villages distributed within the 9 provinces of country. HTLVs prevalence was determined using two ELISA tests and positive results were confirmed by Western Blot. The overall HTLV-1 seroprevalence was of 7.3% among the rural Gabonese population; with 5.4% for men and 9.0% for women. Prevalence of HTLV-1 differed by province, ranging from 2.3% to 12.5% into the rain forest. Being a woman older than 51 years represented a high risk for HTLV-1 acquisition. Hospitalization, operation/surgery, transfusion and medical abortion or fever, arthritis and abdominal pain are also significant risk factors. In addition, 0.1% of samples were found as HTLV-2 positive, while 12.0% had an indeterminate HTLV serological pattern. HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 were not found. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on 87 samples and demonstrated that HTLV-1 present in Gabon belongs mostly to subtype B, however the rare subtype D was also found. Altogether, our results demonstrate that almost thirty years after the first epidemiological study prevention of HTLVs infection is still an issue in Gabon.
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Barbeau B, Hiscott J, Bazarbachi A, Carvalho E, Jones K, Martin F, Matsuoka M, Murphy EL, Ratner L, Switzer WM, Watanabe T. Conference highlights of the 16th International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and related retroviruses, 26-30 June 2013, Montreal, Canada. Retrovirology 2014; 11:19. [PMID: 24558960 PMCID: PMC3939404 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-11-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The 16th International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and Related Retroviruses was held in Montreal, Québec from June 26th to June 30th, 2013 and was therefore hosted by a Canadian city for the first time. The major topic of the meeting was human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) and was covered through distinct oral and poster presentation sessions: clinical research, animal models, immunology, molecular and cellular biology, human endogenous and emerging exogenous retroviruses and virology. In this review, highlights of the meeting are provided by different experts for each of these research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Barbeau
- Département des sciences biologiques and BioMed Research Center, Université du Québec à Montréal, Room SB-3335, 2080 St-Urbain, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - John Hiscott
- VGTI Florida, Port St., Lucie, FL, USA
- Lady Davis Insitute, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ali Bazarbachi
- Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Edgar Carvalho
- Immunology Department, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Kathryn Jones
- Basic Research Program, Cancer and Inflammation Program, SAIC-Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Fabiola Martin
- Centre for Immunology and Infection, Department of Biology, Hull and York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Edward L Murphy
- University of California San Francisco and Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lee Ratner
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - William M Switzer
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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