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Chua ENL, Jujo Y, Iwashita K, Inagawa M, Lee KJ, Takao M. Ankle Lateral Ligament Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Patients: Technique Tip. FOOT & ANKLE ORTHOPAEDICS 2024; 9:24730114241228270. [PMID: 38333022 PMCID: PMC10851733 DOI: 10.1177/24730114241228270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Nicole L. Chua
- Clinical and Research Institute for Foot and Ankle Surgery, (CARIFAS), Jujo Hospital, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Jujo
- Clinical and Research Institute for Foot and Ankle Surgery, (CARIFAS), Jujo Hospital, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Kosui Iwashita
- Clinical and Research Institute for Foot and Ankle Surgery, (CARIFAS), Jujo Hospital, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Miyu Inagawa
- Clinical and Research Institute for Foot and Ankle Surgery, (CARIFAS), Jujo Hospital, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Keong Joo Lee
- Clinical and Research Institute for Foot and Ankle Surgery, (CARIFAS), Jujo Hospital, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Masato Takao
- Clinical and Research Institute for Foot and Ankle Surgery, (CARIFAS), Jujo Hospital, Kisarazu, Japan
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Chuadthong J, Lekskulchai R, Hiller C, Ajjimaporn A. A Home-Based Exercise Program With Active Video Games for Balance, Motor Proficiency, Foot and Ankle Ability, and Intrinsic Motivation in Children With Chronic Ankle Instability: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Serious Games 2023; 11:e51073. [PMID: 38235982 PMCID: PMC10811453 DOI: 10.2196/51073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Children with chronic ankle instability (CAI) frequently experience ankle unsteadiness, causing trips, falls, and ankle sprain injuries resulting in poor quality of life. A specific exercise program focused on physical and psychological purposes in children with CAI is needed. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a 4-week home-based exercise training program using active video games (AVGs) for balance, motor proficiency, foot and ankle ability, and intrinsic motivation in children with CAI. Methods Sixty children with CAI (mean age 10, SD 2 years) were randomly assigned to an experimental group (AVG group; n=30) or a control group (CG; n=30). The AVG group played 2 selected video games, Catching Fish and Russian Block, while the CG received the traditional exercise program for CAI. Both programs were scheduled for 30 minutes per day, 3 times per week, for 4 weeks at home. The single-leg stance test was used to assess static balance. The walking forward on a line and standing long jump tests were used to assess motor proficiency. The Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) and the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory questionnaire were used to assess foot and ankle ability and intrinsic motivation, respectively. Assessments were conducted at baseline and after 4 weeks. Results In the AVG group, the single-leg stand test (eyes open; on floor and on foam conditions), the FAAM (activities of daily living subscale), and intrinsic motivation (interest/enjoyment, pressure/tension, and value/usefulness dimensions) were improved compared with the CG (all P<.05). Motor proficiency did not differ between the 2 groups at the end of the 4-week program (P=.31 for the walking forward on a line, P=.34 for the standing long jump test). Conclusions A 4-week home-based exercise training program using AVGs can be beneficial and may be an effective approach for improving balance, foot and ankle ability, and enhancing positive motivation by increasing the interest/enjoyment and value/usefulness dimensions and lowering the pressure/tension dimension in children with CAI that require long-term rehabilitation sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janya Chuadthong
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Nakon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | - Claire Hiller
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, SydneyNew South Wales, Australia
| | - Amornpan Ajjimaporn
- College of Sports Science and Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakon Pathom, Thailand
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Maeda N, Ikuta Y, Tsutsumi S, Arima S, Ishihara H, Ushio K, Mikami Y, Komiya M, Nishikawa Y, Nakasa T, Adachi N, Urabe Y. Relationship of Chronic Ankle Instability With Foot Alignment and Dynamic Postural Stability in Adolescent Competitive Athletes. Orthop J Sports Med 2023; 11:23259671231202220. [PMID: 37859752 PMCID: PMC10583524 DOI: 10.1177/23259671231202220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Competitive adolescent athletes should be aware of the early signs of chronic ankle instability (CAI) and the connection between the condition and performance. Purpose To investigate whether CAI is related to foot alignment and morphology as well as dynamic postural stability after a jump landing among adolescent competitive athletes with and without a history of a lateral ankle sprain and CAI. Study Design Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Between July 2020 and August 2021, adolescent competitive athletes (N = 85; n = 49 boys; n = 36 girls) were classified into 3 groups using Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) scores: healthy athletes (n = 55), coper athletes (n = 19), and athletes with CAI (n = 11). Results of foot alignment assessments involving the leg-heel angle (LHA) and navicular height, intrinsic foot muscle morphology, dynamic postural stability index (DPSI), and other parameters were compared among the 3 groups. The relationship between the CAIT score and the LHA and dynamic postural stability and instability were examined using multiple linear regression. Results Compared with the healthy group, the CAI group had a significantly greater LHA (8.73°± 3.22° vs 6.09°± 3.26°; P < .05), higher DPSI (0.336 ± 0.046 vs 0.298 ± 0.035), and higher vertical stability index (0.303 ± 0.048 vs 0.264 ± 0.037; P < .05 for all). Multiple regression analysis showed that the LHA (β = -0.228; P = .033) and DPSI (β = -0.240; P = .025) were significantly associated with the CAIT score . Conclusion Valgus rearfoot alignment and poorer dynamic postural control were associated with CAI among adolescent athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Maeda
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasunari Ikuta
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shogo Tsutsumi
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Arima
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Honoka Ishihara
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kai Ushio
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Mikami
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Komiya
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nishikawa
- Faculty of Frontier Engineering, Institute of Science & Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakasa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Urabe
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Dias S, Lewis TL, Alkhalfan Y, Ahluwalia R, Ray R. Current concepts in the surgical management of chronic ankle lateral ligament instability. J Orthop 2022; 33:87-94. [PMID: 35874042 PMCID: PMC9305620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aims Ankle sprains are common injuries which can lead to chronic lateral ankle ligament instability (CAI). Methods The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, investigation, surgical management and rehabilitation of CAI. Results Investigation of CAI is based on history, clinical examination, and imaging. Surgical management of CAI can be defined as anatomic reconstruction, anatomic and non anatomic repair of ATFL and/or CFL. Anatomic repair has been shown to have better functional outcomes and less secondary osteoarthritis when compared to non anatomic repair. Non-anatomic methods do not replicate the normal anatomical course of ATFL/CFL and may lead to stiffness. The most common surgical treatment for CAI is the open modified Broström repair augmented with the Gould modification. There are arthroscopic techniques being developed which have reported promising clinical results. However, there are considerable areas of further research which should be carried out to improve understanding and effectiveness of current treatment options. Standardised validated patient reported outcome measures and evidence-based protocols in the rehabilitation periods are crucial for positive and reproducible outcomes. Conclusion Surgical repair has proven to show excellent outcomes for patients suffering from CAI, however larger prospective studies should be carried out to evaluate the use of newer surgical techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiluka Dias
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Thomas L. Lewis
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- King's Foot and Ankle Unit, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Raju Ahluwalia
- King's College Hospital MTC, London; King's College Hospital Diabetic Foot Unit & King's Foot and Ankle Unit, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robbie Ray
- King's Foot and Ankle Unit, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Lin CI, Houtenbos S, Lu YH, Mayer F, Wippert PM. The epidemiology of chronic ankle instability with perceived ankle instability- a systematic review. J Foot Ankle Res 2021; 14:41. [PMID: 34049565 PMCID: PMC8161930 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-021-00480-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic ankle instability, developing from ankle sprain, is one of the most common sports injuries. Besides it being an ankle issue, chronic ankle instability can also cause additional injuries. Investigating the epidemiology of chronic ankle instability is an essential step to develop an adequate injury prevention strategy. However, the epidemiology of chronic ankle instability remains unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of chronic ankle instability through valid and reliable self-reported tools in active populations. Methods An electronic search was performed on PubMed and Web of Science in July 2020. The inclusion criteria for articles were peer-reviewed, published between 2006 and 2020, using one of the valid and reliable tools to evaluate ankle instability, determining chronic ankle instability based on the criteria of the International Ankle Consortium, and including the outcome of epidemiology of chronic ankle instability. The risk of bias of the included studies was evaluated with an adapted tool for the sports injury review method. Results After removing duplicated studies, 593 articles were screened for eligibility. Twenty full-texts were screened and finally nine studies were included, assessing 3804 participants in total. The participants were between 15 and 32 years old and represented soldiers, students, athletes and active individuals with a history of ankle sprain. The prevalence of chronic ankle instability was 25%, ranging between 7 and 53%. The prevalence of chronic ankle instability within participants with a history of ankle sprains was 46%, ranging between 9 and 76%. Five included studies identified chronic ankle instability based on the standard criteria, and four studies applied adapted exclusion criteria to conduct the study. Five out of nine included studies showed a low risk of bias. Conclusions The prevalence of chronic ankle instability shows a wide range. This could be due to the different exclusion criteria, age, sports discipline, or other factors among the included studies. For future studies, standardized criteria to investigate the epidemiology of chronic ankle instability are required. The epidemiology of CAI should be prospective. Factors affecting the prevalence of chronic ankle instability should be investigated and clearly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiao-I Lin
- Medical Sociology and Psychobiology, Department of Physical Activity and Health, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, House 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany. .,University Outpatient Clinic, Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, House 12, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Sanne Houtenbos
- Medical Sociology and Psychobiology, Department of Physical Activity and Health, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, House 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.,University Outpatient Clinic, Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, House 12, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yu-Hsien Lu
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Frank Mayer
- University Outpatient Clinic, Centre of Sports Medicine, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, House 12, Potsdam, Germany.,Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Joint Faculty of the University of Potsdam, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Am Neuen Palais 10, House 12, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Pia-Maria Wippert
- Medical Sociology and Psychobiology, Department of Physical Activity and Health, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, House 12, 14469, Potsdam, Germany.,Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Joint Faculty of the University of Potsdam, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Am Neuen Palais 10, House 12, Potsdam, Germany
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Gorwa J, Michnik R, Nowakowska-Lipiec K. In Pursuit of the Perfect Dancer's Ballet Foot. The Footprint, Stabilometric, Pedobarographic Parameters of Professional Ballet Dancers. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:435. [PMID: 34068846 PMCID: PMC8153616 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to assess footprint parameters in a group of professional ballet dancers and to determine the correlation between the aforementioned parameters and lateralization, stabilometric parameters, pedobarographic parameters and work environment conditions. A group subjected to tests consisted of 44 elite professional ballet dancers and the reference group was composed of 44 students. The test of balance and thrust under feet involved 30 s-long free standing with open eyes on a podographic platform. The research-related analysis was concerned with footprint parameters (foot length and width, Clarke angle, and Weissflog index), stabilometric parameters (path length and ellipse field, mean value of the velocity and deflection of the displacement of the center of the foot pressure on the ground) and pedobarographic parameters (percentage thrust on the right, left foot as well as the front and rear part the foot). Statistically significant differences between the groups were observed in relation to the stabilometric parameters, the percentage pressure of the left forefoot and the right heel, as well as the value of the Clarke angle (p ≤ 0.05). The longitudinal arch of the foot and the width of the foot in ballet dancers are not dependent on the total and professional career duration and weekly training volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Gorwa
- Department of Biomechanics, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| | - Robert Michnik
- Department of Biomechatronics, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (R.M.); (K.N.-L.)
| | - Katarzyna Nowakowska-Lipiec
- Department of Biomechatronics, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (R.M.); (K.N.-L.)
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7
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Alawna M, Unver B, Yuksel E. Effect of ankle taping and bandaging on balance and proprioception among healthy volunteers. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00730-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Murata K, Kumai T, Hirose N. Lateral Ankle Sprains and Their Association with Physical Function in Young Soccer Players. Open Access J Sports Med 2021; 12:1-10. [PMID: 33469390 PMCID: PMC7811480 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s283421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lateral ankle sprain (LAS) in childhood can result in lateral malleolus avulsion fractures; additionally, bone nonunion may occur. Physical maturity relates to the development of bone morphology and physical functionality. It is unknown how changes in physical functionality attributable to physical maturity affect young soccer players with abnormal lateral malleolus (ALM) morphology. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the bone morphology of the lateral malleolus in young soccer players and to examine its relationship with physical functionality at different maturity levels. Subjects and Methods Two hundred and ninety young soccer players aged 6–15 years were included. The presence of ALM was assessed using ultrasonography. The subjects were allocated to three groups based on physical maturity (Pre-, Mid-, and Post-peak height velocity age [PHVA]). The prevalence of ALM and the relationship between ALM and physical maturity were examined for body composition, foot pressure distribution, foot alignment, ankle mobility, and single-leg balance. Results The prevalence of ALM was 17.6%. For physical maturity, the post-PHVA group showed a decrease in ankle dorsiflexion and eversion and an increase in one-leg hop distance compared to the Pre-PHVA group (P < 0.05). In the ALM group, the center of pressure during heel raising was distributed laterally in the Post-PHVA (P < 0.01), and the weight-bearing dorsiflexion angle was decreased in the Mid- and Post-PHVA (P < 0.05). Conclusion In the Post-PHVA young soccer players, decreased ankle dorsiflexion and eversion and increased one-leg hop distance were observed. The ALM group exhibited lateral loading during heel raising in the Post-PHVA group and decreased weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion angle in the Mid- and Post-PHVA groups. The findings indicate the importance of secondary prevention of LAS and ultrasonography. Prospective studies of LAS in young athletes are required in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Murata
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Nishi-tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kumai
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Norikazu Hirose
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan
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Cain MS, Ban RJ, Chen YP, Geil MD, Goerger BM, Linens SW. Four-Week Ankle-Rehabilitation Programs in Adolescent Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability. J Athl Train 2021; 55:801-810. [PMID: 32577737 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-41-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Researchers have shown that rehabilitation programs incorporating resistance-band and balance-board exercises are effective for improving clinical measures of function and patient-reported outcomes in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). However, whether combining the 2 exercises increases improvement is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of 3 rehabilitation programs on clinical measures of balance and self-reported function in adolescent patients with CAI. DESIGN Randomized controlled clinical trial (Trail Registration Number: ClinicalTrails.gov: NCT03447652). SETTING High school athletic training facilities. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Forty-three patients with CAI (age = 16.37 ± 1.00 years, height = 171.75 ± 12.05 cm, mass = 69.38 ± 18.36 kg) were block randomized into 4 rehabilitation groups. INTERVENTION(S) Protocols were completed 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The resistance-band group performed 3 sets of 10 repetitions of ankle plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, and eversion with a resistance band. The Biomechanical Ankle Platform System group performed 5 trials of clockwise and counterclockwise rotations, changing direction every 10 seconds during each 40-second trial. The combination group completed resistance-band and Biomechanical Ankle Platform System programs during each session. The control group did not perform any exercises. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Variables were assessed before and after the intervention: time-in-balance test, foot-lift test, Star Excursion Balance Test, side-hop test, figure-8 hop test, Foot and Ankle Ability Measure, and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool. We conducted 4 separate multivariate repeated-measures analyses of variance, followed by univariate analyses for any findings that were different. RESULTS Using the time-in-balance test, foot-lift test, Star Excursion Balance Test (medial, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions), and figure-8 hop test, we detected improvement for each rehabilitation group compared with the control group (P < .05). However, no intervention group was superior. CONCLUSIONS All 3 rehabilitation groups demonstrated improvement compared with the control group, yet the evidence was too limited to support a superior intervention. Over a 4-week period, either of the single-task interventions or the combination intervention can be used to combat the residual deficits associated with CAI in an adolescent patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Spencer Cain
- MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Rebecca J Ban
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta
| | - Yu-Ping Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta
| | - Mark D Geil
- Department of Exercise Science and Sports Management, Kennesaw State University, Georgia
| | - Benjamin M Goerger
- MOTION Science Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.,Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Shelley W Linens
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene. Dr Linens is now with the Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte
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Kadli S, Lekskulchai R, Jalayondeja C, Hiller CE. Cross-cultural adaptation of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool - Youth Thai version. Pediatr Int 2020; 62:1374-1380. [PMID: 32472723 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to translate the original version of the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAITY) into a Thai version by using cross-cultural adaptation, and to examine the psychometric properties and cut-off score of the CAITY - Thai version (CAITY-T). METHODS Six cross-cultural adaptation steps were used to translate and validate the psychometric properties with 267 participants, 140 with chronic ankle instability (CAI) and 127 without CAI. Their mean age was 12.3 ± 2.42 years. Validation was carried out for internal consistency and concurrent validity against a visual analog scale for global perceived ankle instability, and for discriminant validity (receiver operating characteristic curve). The CAITY-T was completed twice by 133 volunteer children (49.62%) for test-retest reliability. The cut-off score was determined using Youden's index. RESULTS The CAITY was successfully adapted for the Thai language. Validation showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.767) and concurrent validity (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.8 right ankle and 0.784 left ankle). The test-retest reliability was substantial with an intraclass correlation coefficient (2,1) of 0.865 (95% Confidence Interval = 0.809-0.904). The receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden's index showed the cut-off score that discriminated between children with and without CAI on the CAITY-T at ≤25. The CAITY-T obtained 95.2% sensitivity, 97% specificity, 0.05 negative, and 32 positive likelihood ratios. CONCLUSION The CAITY-T was valid and available for Thai children aged 8-16 years. It displayed positive reliability, good validity, and an acceptable cut-off score. The cut-off score for children had high sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supannikar Kadli
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | | | | | - Claire E Hiller
- Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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11
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Donovan L, Hetzel S, Laufenberg CR, McGuine TA. Prevalence and Impact of Chronic Ankle Instability in Adolescent Athletes. Orthop J Sports Med 2020; 8:2325967119900962. [PMID: 32118082 PMCID: PMC7029541 DOI: 10.1177/2325967119900962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence and impact of chronic ankle instability (CAI) in adolescent athletes are unknown. To better develop and justify prevention strategies of lateral ankle sprains and CAI, it is important to understand the origin and associated long-term impact of CAI within populations other than adults. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and impact of CAI on ankle function, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and physical activity in adolescent athletes. The hypothesis was that the presence of CAI will be commonly reported among adolescent athletes and that participants with CAI will have lower self-reported ankle function, HRQoL, and physical activity when compared with participants without CAI. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A cohort of 1002 healthy (able to fully participate) adolescent athletes (50.4% female; mean age, 15.6 ± 1.6 years) across 8 club sport facilities and high schools completed paper-and-pencil surveys to establish the presence of CAI (Identification of Functional Ankle Instability [IdFAI]) and estimate perceived ankle function (Foot and Ankle Ability Measure [FAAM]–Activities of Daily Living and FAAM-Sport), HRQoL (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 [PedsQL]), and physical activity (Hospital for Special Surgery Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale [HSS Pedi-FABS]). Results: The overall prevalence of CAI was 20.0%. Participants with unilateral CAI reported significantly lower (P < .001) ankle function (FAAM-Sport: 87.0 ± 14.8) and HRQoL (total PedsQL: 89.8 ± 9.8) than participants who did not have CAI (FAAM-Sport: 97.7 ± 6.0; total PedsQL: 93.5 ± 9.1). Physical activity was not different between participants with and without CAI. Conclusion: The prevalence of CAI was high among adolescent athletes. The presence of CAI negatively affected ankle function and HRQoL in adolescent athletes. Given the high prevalence and negative impact of CAI in an adolescent population, strategies to prevent ankle injuries and maintain physical activity are needed to alleviate future long-term consequences associated with developing CAI. These strategies should be implemented as soon as sport participation begins, as it appears that the origin of CAI may occur before adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Donovan
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
- Luke Donovan, PhD, ATC, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Boulevard, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA () (Twitter: @LukeTDonovan)
| | - Scott Hetzel
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Craig R. Laufenberg
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Timothy A. McGuine
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Abstract
A deep analysis of ankle mechanical properties is a fundamental step in the design of an exoskeleton, especially if it is to be suitable for both adults and children. This study aims at assessing age-related differences of ankle properties using pediAnklebot. To achieve this aim, we enrolled 16 young adults and 10 children in an experimental protocol that consisted of the evaluation of ankle mechanical impedance and kinematic performance. Ankle impedance was measured by imposing stochastic torque perturbations in dorsi-plantarflexion and inversion-eversion directions. Kinematic performance was assessed by asking participants to perform a goaldirected task. Magnitude and anisotropy of impedance were computed using a multipleinput multiple-output system. Kinematic performance was quantified by computing indices of accuracy, smoothness, and timing. Adults showed greater magnitude of ankle impedance in both directions and for all frequencies, while the anisotropy was higher in children. By analyzing kinematics, children performed movements with lower accuracy and higher smoothness, while no differences were found for the duration of the movement. In addition, adults showed a greater ability to stop the movement when hitting the target. These findings can be useful to a proper development of robotic devices, as well as for implementation of specific training programs.
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Campbell RS, Lehr ME, Livingston A, McCurdy M, Ware JK. Intrinsic modifiable risk factors in ballet dancers: Applying evidence based practice principles to enhance clinical applications. Phys Ther Sport 2019; 38:106-114. [PMID: 31078704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The risk of musculoskeletal injury is multifactorial (Bahr 2005). Injury risk is a composite of intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors that can be modifiable or non-modifiable. Ballet dancers have unique risk factors, due to the nature of their art and sport. The purpose of this literature review is to identify intrinsic modifiable risk factors for injury in ballet dancers. The secondary purpose is to investigate potential screening tools which can be used to identify these risk factors. METHODS The authors performed a review of the literature in October 2017 within the databases of MEDLINE Complete, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed Central following a list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS A review of the available literature identified seven intrinsic modifiable factors specifically for ballet dancers and seven appropriate screening tools. DISCUSSION The literature identified the most common intrinsic modifiable risk factors associated with ballet dancers to be: hypermobility, fatigue, overuse, neuromuscular dysfunction, degree of turnout, weakness of core and lower extremity musculature, and lower extremity range of motion (ROM) discrepancies. CONCLUSION Sports medicine professionals who manage these performing artists can use this literature review to help develop injury prevention programs and enhance return to sport decision.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael E Lehr
- Lebanon Valley College, Department of Physical Therapy, 101 North College Avenue, Annville, PA, 17003-1400, USA
| | - Andrew Livingston
- Lebanon Valley College, Department of Physical Therapy, 101 North College Avenue, Annville, PA, 17003-1400, USA
| | - Meghan McCurdy
- Lebanon Valley College, Department of Physical Therapy, 101 North College Avenue, Annville, PA, 17003-1400, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to discuss the epidemiology, pathoanatomy, diagnosis, and treatment for lateral ankle instability in pediatric patients. RECENT FINDINGS Chronic ankle instability is a common sequela of lateral ankle sprain in young athletes. Incidence is increasing, possibly due in part to inadequate treatment of first-time ankle sprains, as well as increased youth participation in organized and competitive sports. The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is injured in every case, whereas the calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) and syndesmosis may be involved in severe cases. A clinical history, focused physical exam, and appropriate radiographic studies aid in diagnosis, and predisposing factors must be identified. Early treatment of ankle sprains involves bracing or immobilization, followed by a course of physical therapy. Surgery involves anatomic repair of the torn ligaments, and may be required in cases of severe functional and mechanical instability with recurrent sprains refractory to nonsurgical management. Intraarticular disorders should be identified and may be addressed with ankle arthroscopy. SUMMARY Prompt treatment of lateral ankle instability in young athletes is important to prevent chronic ankle instability. Many patients are successfully treated without surgery, and those requiring operative intervention improve function postoperatively.
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Ko J, Rosen AB, Brown CN. Functional performance tests identify lateral ankle sprain risk: A prospective pilot study in adolescent soccer players. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2611-2616. [PMID: 30120831 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Determining the clinical utility of functional performance tests (FPTs) and establishing cutoff scores could be useful in identifying those athletes who could benefit from effective injury prevention interventions. Our purpose was to determine the accuracy of FPTs in identifying adolescent athletes who go on to experience lateral ankle sprain(s) and establish specific cutoff scores capable of identifying those who sustain a lateral ankle sprain in the near future. Sixty-four participants (age = 15.5 ± 1.3 years; height = 161.7 ± 7.7 cm; mass = 57.1 ± 8.4 kg) were recruited from a junior soccer club and tracked for 10 months. Participants performed the anterior (AN), posterior-medial (PM), and posterior-lateral (PL) reach directions of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and the Single-Leg Hop Test (SLHT) in pre-season, and then were followed for the 10-month competitive season (12 injured, 52 uninjured). Significant Area Under the Curve (AUC) values and cutoff scores were found for the PM (AUC = 0.78; 95% CI 0.61-0.95; P = 0.003; Sn = 0.83; Sp = 0.77; cutoff = 76%) and the PL (AUC = 0.82; 95% CI 0.71-0.94; P = 0.001; Sn = 0.92; Sp = 0.65; cutoff = 70%) reach directions of the SEBT and the SLHT (AUC = 0.77; 95% CI 0.60-0.95; P = 0.003; Sn = 0.67; Sp = 0.94; cutoff = 15.4 seconds). The PM and PL reach directions of the SEBT and the SLHT may be useful as pre-season screening measures to help clinicians identify adolescents who will go on to experience a lateral ankle sprain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jupil Ko
- Northern Arizona University, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Adam B Rosen
- University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
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Ko J, Rosen AB, Brown CN. Functional performance deficits in adolescent athletes with a history of lateral ankle sprain(s). Phys Ther Sport 2018; 33:125-132. [PMID: 30077963 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if adolescent athletes with a history of lateral ankle sprain(s) (LAS) displayed deficits on functional performance tests (FPTs) and if deficits on FPT were related to the number of previous LAS. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Biomechanics Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS The injured group (n = 24) had a history of ≥1 moderate-severe LAS. The uninjured group (n = 34) had no history of LAS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The average reach distance of three trials in each direction of the star excursion balance test (SEBT) was normalized to leg length (%). The average of two trials of single-leg-hop test (SLHT) was calculated in seconds. RESULTS The injured group performed significantly worse in 3 directions of SEBT than the uninjured group (P < 0.05). SLHT was significantly slower in the injured group compared to the uninjured group (P < 0.05). Statistically significant, strong to moderate inverse relationships were found between the numbers of LAS and each of the three directions of the SEBT (P ≤ 0.01). No relationship was revealed between the number of LAS and the SLHT (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION(S) Adolescent athletes with a history of LAS exhibit functional performance deficits on the SEBT and SLHT. Therefore, the SEBT and SLHT may provide clinicians cost- and time-effective objective tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jupil Ko
- Northern Arizona University, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
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Wikstrom EA, Hubbard-Turner T, Guderian S, Turner MJ. Lateral Ankle Sprain in a Mouse Model: Lifelong Sensorimotor Dysfunction. J Athl Train 2018; 53:249-254. [PMID: 29412694 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-365-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ankle sprains are the most common orthopaedic injury that occurs during sport and physical activity. Many individuals who sprain their ankles develop chronic ankle instability (CAI), a condition characterized by recurrent injury, decreased physical activity, and decreased quality of life. These residual impairments are believed to persist for the remainder of the patient's life, in part due to the link between CAI and posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis. However, this belief remains speculative due to the lack of long-term prospective investigations. OBJECTIVE To use a mouse model of mild (MILD) and severe (SEVERE) ankle sprains to quantify balance and locomotor adaptations across the lifespan. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING University research laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Fifty male mice (CBA/J) were randomly placed into a control (SHAM), MILD, or SEVERE group and housed individually. INTERVENTION(S) The MILD group underwent surgical transection of a single right hind-limb lateral ankle ligament, and the SEVERE group had 2 of the lateral ligaments transected. The SHAM group underwent a sham surgery during which no lateral ligaments were transected. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) After surgically inducing the ankle sprain, we measured balance and gait using a balance beam and footprint test before and every 6 weeks for 78 weeks. RESULTS Age-related declines in balance but not stride length were exacerbated by an ankle sprain ( P < .001). Balance and stride lengths changed with age ( P < .001). Foot slips were worse in the SEVERE (4.32 ± 0.98) and MILD (3.53 ± 0.98) groups than in the SHAM group (2.16 ± 0.99; P < .001). Right-limb stride length was shorter in the SEVERE group (6.45 cm ± 0.41 cm) than in the SHAM group (6.87 cm ± 0.40 cm; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Transecting the lateral ligaments of a mouse hind foot resulted in lifelong sensorimotor dysfunction. Declines starting at 42 weeks postinjury may have represented the onset of posttraumatic osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A Wikstrom
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | - Sophie Guderian
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark
| | - Michael J Turner
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte
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Springer S, Gottlieb U. Effects of dual-task and walking speed on gait variability in people with chronic ankle instability: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:316. [PMID: 28732483 PMCID: PMC5522594 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1675-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence suggests that impaired central sensorimotor integration may contribute to deficits in movement control experienced by people with chronic ankle instability (CAI). This study compared the effects of dual-task and walking speed on gait variability in individuals with and without CAI. Methods Sixteen subjects with CAI and 16 age- and gender-matched, able-bodied controls participated in this study. Stride time variability and stride length variability were measured on a treadmill under four different conditions: self-paced walking, self-paced walking with dual-task, fast walking, and fast walking with dual-task. Results Under self-paced walking (without dual-task) there was no difference in stride time variability between CAI and control groups (P = 0.346). In the control group, compared to self-paced walking, stride time variability decreased in all conditions: self-paced walking with dual-task, fast speed, and fast speed with dual-task (P = 0.011, P = 0.016, P = 0.001, respectively). However, in the CAI group, compared to self-paced walking, decreased stride time variability was demonstrated only in the fast speed with dual-task condition (P = 1.000, P = 0.471, P = 0.008; respectively). Stride length variability did not change under any condition in either group. Conclusions Subjects with CAI and healthy controls reduced their stride time variability in response to challenging walking conditions; however, the pattern of change was different. A higher level of gait disturbance was required to cause a change in walking in the CAI group compared to healthy individuals, which may indicate lower adaptability of the sensorimotor system. Clinicians may use this information and employ activities to enhance sensorimotor control during gait, when designing intervention programs for people with CAI. The study was registered with the Clinical Trials network (registration NCT02745834, registration date 15/3/2016).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shmuel Springer
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.
| | - Uri Gottlieb
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Israel Defense Force Medical Corps, Zerifin, Israel
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Correlates of Perceived Ankle Instability in Healthy Individuals Aged 8 to 101 Years. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 98:72-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2016.08.474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Wikstrom EA, McKeon PO. Predicting balance improvements following STARS treatments in chronic ankle instability participants. J Sci Med Sport 2016; 20:356-361. [PMID: 27840034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sensory Targeted Ankle Rehabilitation Strategies that stimulate sensory receptors improve postural control in chronic ankle instability participants. However, not all participants have equal responses. Therefore, identifying predictors of treatment success is needed to improve clinician efficiency when treating chronic ankle instability. Therefore, the purpose was to identify predictors of successfully improving postural control in chronic ankle instability participants. DESIGN Secondary data analysis. METHODS Fifty-nine participants with self-reported chronic ankle instability participated. The condition was defined as a history of at least two episodes of "giving way" within the past 6 months; and limitations in self-reported function as measured by the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure. Participants were randomized into three treatment groups (plantar massage, ankle joint mobilization, calf stretching) that received 6, 5-min treatment sessions over a 2-week period. The main outcome measure was treatment success, defined as a participant exceeding the minimal detectable change score for a clinician-oriented single limb balance test. RESULTS Participants with ≥3 balance test errors had a 73% probability of treatment success following ankle joint mobilizations. Participants with a self-reported function between limb difference <16.07% and who made >2.5 errors had a 99% probability of treatment success following plantar massage. Those who sustained ≥11 ankle sprains had a 94% treatment success probability following calf stretching. CONCLUSIONS Self-reported functional deficits, worse single limb balance, and number of previous ankle sprains are important characteristics when determining if chronic ankle instability participants will have an increased probability of treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik A Wikstrom
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA; University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA.
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Turner MJ, Guderian S, Wikstrom EA, Huot JR, Peck BD, Arthur ST, Marino JS, Hubbard-Turner T. Altered left ventricular performance in aging physically active mice with an ankle sprain injury. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:15. [PMID: 26803818 PMCID: PMC5005884 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-016-9877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the impact of differing physical activity levels throughout the lifespan, using a musculoskeletal injury model, on the age-related changes in left ventricular (LV) parameters in active mice. Forty male mice (CBA/J) were randomly placed into one of three running wheel groups (transected CFL group, transected ATFL/CFL group, SHAM group) or a SHAM Sedentary group (SHAMSED). Before surgery and every 6 weeks after surgery, LV parameters were measured under 2.5 % isoflurane inhalation. Group effects for daily distance run was significantly greater for the SHAM and lesser for the ATLF/CFL mice (p = 0.013) with distance run decreasing with age for all mice (p < 0.0001). Beginning at 6 months of age, interaction (group × age) was noted with LV posterior wall thickness-to-radius ratios (h/r) where h/r increased with age in the ATFL/CFL and SHAMSED mice while the SHAM and CFL mice exhibited decreased h/r with age (p = 0.0002). Passive filling velocity (E wave) was significantly greater in the SHAM mice and lowest for the ATFL/CFL and SHAMSED mice (p < 0.0001) beginning at 9 months of age. Active filling velocity (A wave) was not different between groups (p = 0.10). Passive-to-active filling velocity ratio (E/A ratio) was different between groups (p < 0.0001), with higher ratios for the SHAM mice and lower ratios for the ATFL/CFL and SHAMSED mice in response to physical activity beginning at 9 months of age. Passive-to-active filling velocity ratio decreased with age (p < 0.0001). Regular physical activity throughout the lifespan improved LV structure, passive filling velocity, and E/A ratio by 6 to 9 months of age and attenuated any negative alterations throughout the second half of life. The diastolic filling differences were found to be significantly related to the amount of activity performed by 9 months and at the end of the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Turner
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
| | - Sophie Guderian
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Erik A Wikstrom
- Biodynamics Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering & Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Joshua R Huot
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Bailey D Peck
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Susan T Arthur
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Joseph S Marino
- Laboratory of Systems Physiology, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Tricia Hubbard-Turner
- Biodynamics Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering & Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
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Effect of Kinesiology Tape on Measurements of Balance in Subjects With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2015; 96:2169-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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