1
|
Rubio-Ruíz ME, Plata-Corona JC, Soria-Castro E, Díaz-Juárez JA, Sánchez-Aguilar M. Pleiotropic Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha and Gamma Agonists on Myocardial Damage: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Evidence-A Narrative Review. Cells 2024; 13:1488. [PMID: 39273057 PMCID: PMC11394383 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death in the world, and that is why finding an effective and multi-functional treatment alternative to combat these diseases has become more important. Fibrates and thiazolidinediones, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma are the pharmacological therapies used to treat dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes, respectively. New mechanisms of action of these drugs have been found, demonstrating their pleiotropic effects, which contribute to preserving the heart by reducing or even preventing myocardial damage. Here, we review the mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of PPAR agonists and regulating morphological and physiological heart alterations (metabolic flexibility, mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, structural remodeling, and inflammation). Moreover, clinical evidence regarding the cardioprotective effect of PPAR agonists is also addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Esther Rubio-Ruíz
- Department of Physiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Plata-Corona
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Soria-Castro
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - Julieta Anabell Díaz-Juárez
- Department of Pharmacology "Dr. Rafael Méndez Martínez", Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| | - María Sánchez-Aguilar
- Department of Pharmacology "Dr. Rafael Méndez Martínez", Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, México City 14080, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nasser S, Abdallah DM, Ahmed KA, Abdel-Mottaleb Y, El-Abhar HS. The novel anti-colitic effect of β-adrenergic receptors via modulation of PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis and NOTCH signaling in an ulcerative colitis model. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1008085. [PMID: 36386153 PMCID: PMC9641009 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1008085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although dysautonomia was documented in inflammatory bowel disease, with activation of the stress-related sympathetic system, the role of agonists/antagonists of the adrenergic receptors is not conclusive. Moreover, ulcerative colitis was recently linked to dementia, but the potential role of the presenilin 1(PS1)/BACE-1/beta-amyloid (Aβ) axis has not been evaluated. Hence, we investigated the impact of mirabegron (β3-agonist) and/or carvedilol (β1/β2 antagonist) on iodoacetamide-induced ulcerative colitis with emphasis on the novel pathomechanism of the PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis in ulcerative colitis, and its relation to the inflammatory cascade, fibrotic processes, and the gut barrier dysfunction. Ulcerated rats were either left untreated or treated for 8 days with mirabegron and/or carvedilol. Besides minimizing colon edema and weight loss, and improving colon structure, mirabegron and/or carvedilol abated colonic PS1/BACE-1/Aβ axis and the NOTCH1/NICD/HES1 hub besides the inflammatory cascade GSK3-β/NF-κΒ/TNF-α, and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde. The anti-fibrotic effect was verified by boosting SMAD-7 and inhibiting TGF-β1, α-SMA immunoexpression, and MTC staining. Moreover, the drugs improved the gut barrier function, attested by the increased goblet cells and expression of E-cadherin, and the inhibited expression of p (Y654)-β-catenin to preserve the E-cadherin/β-catenin adherens junction (AJ). These signaling pathways may be orchestrated by the replenished PPAR-γ, a transcription factor known for its anti-colitic effect. Conclusion: Besides maintaining the gut barrier, mirabegron and/or carvedilol mediated their anti-colitic effect by their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic capacities. The therapeutic effect of these drugs depends partly on suppressing the harmful signaling pathways PS1/BACE-1/Aβ, NOTCH1/NICD/HES1, GSK3-β/NF-κΒ/TNF-α, and TGF-1β/α-SMA while enhancing PPAR-γ, SMAD-7, mucus, and AJ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salma Nasser
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalaal M. Abdallah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A. Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Yousra Abdel-Mottaleb
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S. El-Abhar
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Corkey BE, Kilpatrick LE, Evans-Molina C. Hypothesis: Induction of Autoimmunity in Type 1 Diabetes-A Lipid Focus. Diabetes 2022; 71:2067-2074. [PMID: 36126206 PMCID: PMC10477405 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Several unrelated findings led us to hypothesize that induction of autoimmunity is a consequence of a prior major inflammatory event in individuals with susceptible HLA phenotypes and elevated sensitivity to cytokines and free fatty acids (FFA). We observed provocative enhanced responsiveness of cultured human fibroblasts from individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), but not control subjects, to FFA and the inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL1-β. Major infections increase inflammatory cytokines as well as circulating FFA. Endotoxin-treated animal models of sepsis also exhibit elevated inflammatory cytokines that inhibit FFA oxidation and elevate FFA. The pancreatic β-cell possesses low reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity and responds to both elevated FFA and cytokines with increased ROS production, a combination that increases exocytosis and trafficking of secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane. Increased trafficking is accompanied by increased cycling of secretory granule proteins and may be linked with increased surface presentation of granule proteins to the immune system. We propose that this ultimately targets β-cell granular proteins at the cell surface and is consistent with the preponderance of autoantibodies to granule proteins. Our hypothesis encourages testing of potential early therapeutic interventions to prevent progression of β-cell destruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara E. Corkey
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Laurie E. Kilpatrick
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zampino R, Patauner F, Karruli A, Iossa D, Ursi MP, Bertolino L, Peluso AM, D’Amico F, Cavezza G, Durante-Mangoni E. Prognostic Value of Decreased High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Infective Endocarditis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:957. [PMID: 35207230 PMCID: PMC8877683 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11040957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Simple parameters to be used as early predictors of prognosis in infective endocarditis (IE) are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic role of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and also of total-cholesterol (TC), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides, in relation to clinical features and mortality, in IE. (2) Methods: Retrospective analysis of observational data from 127 consecutive patients with a definite diagnosis of IE between 2016 and 2019. Clinical, laboratory and echocardiography data, mortality, and co-morbidities were analyzed in relation to HDL-C and lipid profile. (3) Results: Lower HDL-C levels (p = 0.035) were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. HDL-C levels were also significantly lower in IE patients with embolic events (p = 0.036). Based on ROC curve analysis, a cut-off value was identified for HDL-C equal to 24.5 mg/dL for in-hospital mortality. HDL-C values below this cut-off were associated with higher triglyceride counts (p = 0.008), higher prevalence of S. aureus etiology (p = 0.046) and a higher in-hospital mortality rate (p = 0.004). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed higher 90-day mortality in patients with HDL-C ≤ 24.5 mg/dL (p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Low HDL-C levels could be used as an easy and low-cost marker of severity in IE, particularly to predict complications, in-hospital and 90-day mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Zampino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Piazza Luigi Miraglia, 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (R.Z.); (F.P.); (M.P.U.); (L.B.); (A.M.P.)
- Unit of Infectious & Transplant Medicine, AORN Ospedali dei Colli—Ospedale Monaldi, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.I.); (F.D.)
| | - Fabian Patauner
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Piazza Luigi Miraglia, 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (R.Z.); (F.P.); (M.P.U.); (L.B.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Arta Karruli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.K.); (G.C.)
| | - Domenico Iossa
- Unit of Infectious & Transplant Medicine, AORN Ospedali dei Colli—Ospedale Monaldi, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.I.); (F.D.)
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.K.); (G.C.)
| | - Maria Paola Ursi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Piazza Luigi Miraglia, 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (R.Z.); (F.P.); (M.P.U.); (L.B.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Lorenzo Bertolino
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Piazza Luigi Miraglia, 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (R.Z.); (F.P.); (M.P.U.); (L.B.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Anna Maria Peluso
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Piazza Luigi Miraglia, 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (R.Z.); (F.P.); (M.P.U.); (L.B.); (A.M.P.)
| | - Fabiana D’Amico
- Unit of Infectious & Transplant Medicine, AORN Ospedali dei Colli—Ospedale Monaldi, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.I.); (F.D.)
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.K.); (G.C.)
| | - Giusi Cavezza
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.K.); (G.C.)
| | - Emanuele Durante-Mangoni
- Unit of Infectious & Transplant Medicine, AORN Ospedali dei Colli—Ospedale Monaldi, Piazzale Ettore Ruggieri, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (D.I.); (F.D.)
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (A.K.); (G.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang Q, Ji A, Li D, Shi L, Gao M, Lv N, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Chen R, Chen W, Zheng Y, Cui L. Mitochondria damage in ambient particulate matter induced cardiotoxicity: Roles of PPAR alpha/PGC-1 alpha signaling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117792. [PMID: 34280742 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) had been associated with cardiotoxicity, while the mechanism of toxicity has yet to be elucidated, with mitochondria dysfunction as a potential candidate. To investigate the potential cardiotoxic effects of ambient PM exposure and assess the damage to cardiac mitochondria, C57/B6 mice were exposed to filtered air or real ambient PM for three or six weeks. Furthermore, to reveal the role of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha) in PM exposure induced cardiotoxicity/mitochondria damage, animals were also co-treated with PPAR alpha agonist WY 14,643 or PPAR alpha antagonist GW 6471. Cardiotoxicity was assessed with echocardiography and histopathology, while mitochondria damage was evaluated with mitochondria membrane potential measurement and transmission electron microscopy. Potential impacts of PM exposure to PPAR alpha signaling were detected with co-immunoprecipitation and western blotting. The results indicated that exposure to ambient PM exposure induced cardiotoxicity in C57/B6 mice, including altered cardiac functional parameters and morphology. Cardiac mitochondria damage is detected, in the form of compromised mitochondria membrane potential and morphology. Molecular investigations revealed disruption of PPAR alpha interaction with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1A (PGC-1a) as well as altered expression levels of PPAR alpha downstream genes. Co-treatment with WY 14,643 alleviated the observed toxicities, while co-treatment with GW 6471 had mixed results, exaggerating most cardiotoxicity and mitochondrial damage endpoints but alleviating some cardiac functional parameters. Interestingly, WY 14,643 and GW 6471 co-treatment seemed to exhibit similar regulative effects towards PPAR alpha signaling in animals exposed to PM. In conclusion, ambient PM exposure indeed induced cardiotoxicity in C57/B6 mice, in which cardiac mitochondria damage and disrupted PPAR alpha signaling are contributors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qixiao Jiang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Andong Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengyu Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Na Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lianhua Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Amunugama K, Pike DP, Ford DA. The lipid biology of sepsis. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100090. [PMID: 34087197 PMCID: PMC8243525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, defined as the dysregulated immune response to an infection leading to organ dysfunction, is one of the leading causes of mortality around the globe. Despite the significant progress in delineating the underlying mechanisms of sepsis pathogenesis, there are currently no effective treatments or specific diagnostic biomarkers in the clinical setting. The perturbation of cell signaling mechanisms, inadequate inflammation resolution, and energy imbalance, all of which are altered during sepsis, are also known to lead to defective lipid metabolism. The use of lipids as biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity may aid in early diagnosis and guide clinical decision making. In addition, identifying the link between specific lipid signatures and their role in sepsis pathology may lead to novel therapeutics. In this review, we discuss the recent evidence on dysregulated lipid metabolism both in experimental and human sepsis focused on bioactive lipids, fatty acids, and cholesterol as well as the enzymes regulating their levels during sepsis. We highlight not only their potential roles in sepsis pathogenesis but also the possibility of using these respective lipid compounds as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaushalya Amunugama
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel P Pike
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David A Ford
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Van Wyngene L, Vanderhaeghen T, Timmermans S, Vandewalle J, Van Looveren K, Souffriau J, Wallaeys C, Eggermont M, Ernst S, Van Hamme E, Gonçalves A, Eelen G, Remmerie A, Scott CL, Rombouts C, Vanhaecke L, De Bus L, Decruyenaere J, Carmeliet P, Libert C. Hepatic PPARα function and lipid metabolic pathways are dysregulated in polymicrobial sepsis. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11319. [PMID: 31916705 PMCID: PMC7005534 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite intensive research and constant medical progress, sepsis remains one of the most urgent unmet medical needs of today. Most studies have been focused on the inflammatory component of the disease; however, recent advances support the notion that sepsis is accompanied by extensive metabolic perturbations. During times of limited caloric intake and high energy needs, the liver acts as the central metabolic hub in which PPARα is crucial to coordinate the breakdown of fatty acids. The role of hepatic PPARα in liver dysfunction during sepsis has hardly been explored. We demonstrate that sepsis leads to a starvation response that is hindered by the rapid decline of hepatic PPARα levels, causing excess free fatty acids, leading to lipotoxicity, and glycerol. In addition, treatment of mice with the PPARα agonist pemafibrate protects against bacterial sepsis by improving hepatic PPARα function, reducing lipotoxicity and tissue damage. Since lipolysis is also increased in sepsis patients and pemafibrate protects after the onset of sepsis, these findings may point toward new therapeutic leads in sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lise Van Wyngene
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tineke Vanderhaeghen
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Timmermans
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vandewalle
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kelly Van Looveren
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Souffriau
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Wallaeys
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Melanie Eggermont
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sam Ernst
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Evelien Van Hamme
- Bio Imaging Core, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amanda Gonçalves
- Bio Imaging Core, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Guy Eelen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Remmerie
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Caroline Rombouts
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbet De Bus
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johan Decruyenaere
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Biology, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
万 勇, 李 徽, 左 琳, 王 小, 王 黎, 贺 文, 姜 辉, 王 守, 盛 洁, 张 敏, 钱 海, 杨 芳, 谢 红, 高 世, 方 强, 杨 小, 刘 牧. [Intervention with Schistosoma japonicum cysteine protease inhibitor for treatment of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:625-629. [PMID: 29891463 PMCID: PMC6743891 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.05.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Schistosoma japonicum cysteine protease inhibitor (rSjCystatin) for treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in mice. METHODS After a week of adaptive feeding, 54 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control group (group A), sepsis group (group B), and rSjCystatin intervention group (group C). The mice in group A received an intraperitoneal injection of PBS (100 µL), and those in groups B and C were injected with PBS (100 µL) containing LPS (10 mg/kg); the mice in group C were also intraperitoneally injected with 25 µg sjCystatin in 100 µL PBS 30 min after LPS injection. From each group, 10 mice were randomly selected 24 h after PBS or LPS injection for detecting serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 using ELISA and the levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and Cr using automatic biochemical analyzer; the pathological changes in the liver, lung and kidney were observed with HE staining. The remaining 8 mice in each group were used for observing the changes in the general condition and the 72-h survival. RESULTS The 72-h survival rates of the mice was 100% in group A, 0 in group B, and 36% in group C, showing a significant difference among the 3 groups (P<0.05). Compared with those in group A, the mice in group B exhibited obvious liver, lung, and renal pathologies with increased levels of ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, IL-6, and TNF-α (P<0.05). Treatment with sjCystatin significantly lessened LPS-induced organ pathologies, lowered the levels of liver and renal functional indexes and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased the serum level of IL-10 in the mice (P<0.05). CONCLUSION SjCystatin can produce a significant therapeutic effect on sepsis induced by LPS in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 勇坤 万
- 蚌埠医学院 第一附属医院,安徽 蚌埠 233000First Affiliated Hospital1, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 徽徽 李
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 琳 左
- 山西医科大学基础医学院生理系,山西 太原 030000Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical College, Shanxin Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - 小莉 王
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 黎源 王
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 文欣 贺
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 辉 姜
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 守祥 王
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 洁 盛
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 敏 张
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 海春 钱
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 芳芳 杨
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 红 谢
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 世芳 高
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 强 方
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 小迪 杨
- 蚌埠医学院 第一附属医院,安徽 蚌埠 233000First Affiliated Hospital1, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 牧林 刘
- 蚌埠医学院 第一附属医院,安徽 蚌埠 233000First Affiliated Hospital1, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
万 勇, 李 徽, 左 琳, 王 小, 王 黎, 贺 文, 姜 辉, 王 守, 盛 洁, 张 敏, 钱 海, 杨 芳, 谢 红, 高 世, 方 强, 杨 小, 刘 牧. [Intervention with Schistosoma japonicum cysteine protease inhibitor for treatment of lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis in mice]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2018; 38:625-629. [PMID: 29891463 PMCID: PMC6743891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of Schistosoma japonicum cysteine protease inhibitor (rSjCystatin) for treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis in mice. METHODS After a week of adaptive feeding, 54 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control group (group A), sepsis group (group B), and rSjCystatin intervention group (group C). The mice in group A received an intraperitoneal injection of PBS (100 µL), and those in groups B and C were injected with PBS (100 µL) containing LPS (10 mg/kg); the mice in group C were also intraperitoneally injected with 25 µg sjCystatin in 100 µL PBS 30 min after LPS injection. From each group, 10 mice were randomly selected 24 h after PBS or LPS injection for detecting serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 using ELISA and the levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and Cr using automatic biochemical analyzer; the pathological changes in the liver, lung and kidney were observed with HE staining. The remaining 8 mice in each group were used for observing the changes in the general condition and the 72-h survival. RESULTS The 72-h survival rates of the mice was 100% in group A, 0 in group B, and 36% in group C, showing a significant difference among the 3 groups (P<0.05). Compared with those in group A, the mice in group B exhibited obvious liver, lung, and renal pathologies with increased levels of ALT, AST, BUN, Cr, IL-6, and TNF-α (P<0.05). Treatment with sjCystatin significantly lessened LPS-induced organ pathologies, lowered the levels of liver and renal functional indexes and the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased the serum level of IL-10 in the mice (P<0.05). CONCLUSION SjCystatin can produce a significant therapeutic effect on sepsis induced by LPS in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- 勇坤 万
- 蚌埠医学院 第一附属医院,安徽 蚌埠 233000First Affiliated Hospital1, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 徽徽 李
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 琳 左
- 山西医科大学基础医学院生理系,山西 太原 030000Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical College, Shanxin Medical University, Taiyuan 030000, China
| | - 小莉 王
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 黎源 王
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 文欣 贺
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 辉 姜
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 守祥 王
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 洁 盛
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 敏 张
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 海春 钱
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 芳芳 杨
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 红 谢
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 世芳 高
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 强 方
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 小迪 杨
- 蚌埠医学院 第一附属医院,安徽 蚌埠 233000First Affiliated Hospital1, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 蚌埠医学院 基础医学院,安徽 蚌埠 233000College of Basic Medical Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- 安徽省感染与免疫重点实验室,安徽 蚌埠 233000Key Lab of Infection and Immunology of Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - 牧林 刘
- 蚌埠医学院 第一附属医院,安徽 蚌埠 233000First Affiliated Hospital1, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Madreiter-Sokolowski CT, Sokolowski AA, Graier WF. Dosis Facit Sanitatem-Concentration-Dependent Effects of Resveratrol on Mitochondria. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101117. [PMID: 29027961 PMCID: PMC5691733 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The naturally occurring polyphenol, resveratrol (RSV), is known for a broad range of actions. These include a positive impact on lifespan and health, but also pro-apoptotic anti-cancer properties. Interestingly, cell culture experiments have revealed a strong impact of RSV on mitochondrial function. The compound was demonstrated to affect mitochondrial respiration, structure and mass of mitochondria as well as mitochondrial membrane potential and, ultimately, mitochondria-associated cell death pathways. Notably, the mitochondrial effects of RSV show a very strict and remarkable concentration dependency: At low concentrations, RSV (<50 μM) fosters cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)- and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-linked pathways and enhances mitochondrial network formation. These mechanisms crucially contribute to the cytoprotective effects of RSV against toxins and disease-related damage, in vitro and in vivo. However, at higher concentrations, RSV (>50 μM) triggers changes in (sub-)cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspases selectively yielding apoptotic cancer cell death, in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we discuss the promising therapeutic potential of RSV, which is most probably related to the compound’s concentration-dependent manipulation of mitochondrial function and structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corina T Madreiter-Sokolowski
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Armin A Sokolowski
- Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Billrothgasse 4, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang F Graier
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6/6, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Genga KR, Russell JA. Update of Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit. J Innate Immun 2017; 9:441-455. [PMID: 28697503 DOI: 10.1159/000477419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, the most common cause of admission to an intensive care unit (ICU), has had an increased incidence and prevalence over the last years with a simultaneous decrease in its short-term mortality. Sepsis survivors are more frequently discharged from hospital and often experience long-term outcomes such as late mortality, immune dysfunction, secondary infections, impaired quality of life, and unplanned readmissions. Early recognition and management of sepsis have challenged emergency care and critical care physicians and nurses. New sepsis definitions were produced and the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) 2016 was updated recently. Although hospital readmissions after sepsis are common, associated risk factors and how to manage patients who survive an episode of sepsis still need clarification. The immune dysfunction caused by sepsis/septic shock is complex, persistent, affects inflammatory and anti-inflammatory systems, and might be associated with long-term outcomes of sepsis. Several randomized controlled trials (RCT) that analyzed new (and old) interventions in sepsis/septic shock are discussed in this review in parallel with the SSC 2016 recommendations and other guidelines when relevant. RCTs addressing incidence, treatment, and prevention of important sepsis-associated organ dysfunction such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury, and brain dysfunction are highlighted. Finally, we briefly discuss the need for novel targets, predictive biomarkers, and new designs of RCTs in sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Roveran Genga
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Maestraggi Q, Lebas B, Clere-Jehl R, Ludes PO, Chamaraux-Tran TN, Schneider F, Diemunsch P, Geny B, Pottecher J. Skeletal Muscle and Lymphocyte Mitochondrial Dysfunctions in Septic Shock Trigger ICU-Acquired Weakness and Sepsis-Induced Immunoparalysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7897325. [PMID: 28589148 PMCID: PMC5447268 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7897325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fundamental events driving the pathological processes of septic shock-induced multiorgan failure (MOF) at the cellular and subcellular levels remain debated. Emerging data implicate mitochondrial dysfunction as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated MOF. If macrocirculatory and microcirculatory dysfunctions undoubtedly participate in organ dysfunction at the early stage of septic shock, an intrinsic bioenergetic failure, sometimes called "cytopathic hypoxia," perpetuates cellular dysfunction. Short-term failure of vital organs immediately threatens patient survival but long-term recovery is also severely hindered by persistent dysfunction of organs traditionally described as nonvital, such as skeletal muscle and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In this review, we will stress how and why a persistent mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscles and PBMC could impair survival in patients who overcome the first acute phase of their septic episode. First, muscle wasting protracts weaning from mechanical ventilation, increases the risk of mechanical ventilator-associated pneumonia, and creates a state of ICU-acquired muscle weakness, compelling the patient to bed. Second, failure of the immune system ("immunoparalysis") translates into its inability to clear infectious foci and predisposes the patient to recurrent nosocomial infections. We will finally emphasize how mitochondrial-targeted therapies could represent a realistic strategy to promote long-term recovery after sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Maestraggi
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service de Réanimation Médicale, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Benjamin Lebas
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Raphaël Clere-Jehl
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service de Réanimation Médicale, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Ludes
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Thiên-Nga Chamaraux-Tran
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U964, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Francis Schneider
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service de Réanimation Médicale, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Diemunsch
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Bernard Geny
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Service de Physiologie et d'Explorations Fonctionnelles, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Julien Pottecher
- Université de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculté de Médecine, Institut de Physiologie, Equipe d'Accueil 3072 “Mitochondrie, Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire”, 11 rue Human, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kai M, Miyoshi M, Fujiwara M, Nishiyama Y, Inoue T, Maeshige N, Hamada Y, Usami M. A lard-rich high-fat diet increases hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in endotoxemic rats. J Surg Res 2016; 212:22-32. [PMID: 28550910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets high in saturated fatty acids activate chronic inflammation. We previously reported that, in even acute inflammation caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), liver injury was exacerbated in rats fed a lard-rich diet. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are related to inflammation and are also key regulators of lipid metabolism. In this study, we examined effects of high-fat diet on liver injury and hepatic lipid metabolism during endotoxemia, measuring hepatic PPARs and other markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 60 kcal% fat) or control diet (CD, 10 kcal% fat) for 4 or 12 wk, injected with LPS and sacrificed at 0, 1.5, or 6 h. Analyses included plasma aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of hepatic PPARα and PPARγ, and mRNA levels of enzymes related to fatty acid oxidation and synthesis. RESULTS Endotoxemic rats on HFD for 12 wk, but not 4 wk, had higher mRNA and protein levels for hepatic PPARs, than did those on CD (P < 0.01-0.05). Similarly, these rats had increased mRNA expression of hepatic fatty acid oxidation- and synthesis-related enzymes (P < 0.01-0.05). Rats injected with LPS had more severe liver injury, indicated by plasma AST/ALT, if on the HFD for 12 wk, compared with for 4 wk. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of a lard-rich diet for 12 wk worsened liver injury and increased hepatic PPARα and PPARγ expression in endotoxemic rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Kai
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Makoto Miyoshi
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Mayu Fujiwara
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuya Nishiyama
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Taketo Inoue
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeshige
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hamada
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Usami
- Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan; Department of Nutrition, Kobe University Hospital and Faculty of Health Science, Kobe, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Alhazzani W, Truwit J. Statins in patients with sepsis and ARDS: is it over? Yes. Intensive Care Med 2016; 43:672-674. [PMID: 27752735 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-016-4585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Alhazzani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Critical Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Jonathon Truwit
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Froedtert and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Prucha M, Zazula R, Russwurm S. Immunotherapy of Sepsis: Blind Alley or Call for Personalized Assessment? Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 65:37-49. [PMID: 27554587 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0415-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis is the most frequent cause of death in noncoronary intensive care units. In the past 10 years, progress has been made in the early identification of septic patients and their treatment. These improvements in support and therapy mean that mortality is gradually decreasing, however, the rate of death from sepsis remains unacceptably high. Immunotherapy is not currently part of the routine treatment of sepsis. Despite experimental successes, the administration of agents to block the effect of sepsis mediators failed to show evidence for improved outcome in a multitude of clinical trials. The following survey summarizes the current knowledge and results of clinical trials on the immunotherapy of sepsis and describes the limitations of our knowledge of the pathogenesis of sepsis. Administration of immunomodulatory drugs should be linked to the current immune status assessed by both clinical and molecular patterns. Thus, a careful daily review of the patient's immune status needs to be introduced into routine clinical practice giving the opportunity for effective and tailored use of immunomodulatory therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Prucha
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, Hospital Na Homolce, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Roman Zazula
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan Russwurm
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|