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López-Medina J, Carvalho WOF, Vazquez-Arce J, Moncada-Villa E, Oliveira ON, Farías MH, Tiznado H, Mejía-Salazar JR. Refractive index of ZnO ultrathin films alternated with Al 2O 3 in multilayer heterostructures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:505715. [PMID: 33025922 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abb42f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The design of optoelectronic devices made with ZnO superlattices requires the knowledge of the refractive index, which currently can be done only for films thicker than 30 nm. In this work, we present an effective medium approach to determine the refractive index of ZnO layers as thin as 2 nm. The approach was implemented by determining the refractive index of ZnO layers ranging from 2 nm to 20 nm using spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements in multilayers. For a precise control of morphology and thickness, the superlattices were fabricated with atomic layer deposition (ALD) with alternating layers of 2 nm thick Al2O3 and ZnO, labeled as N ZnO-Al2O3, where N = 10, 20, 30, 50, 75 and 100. The total thickness of all superlattices was kept at 100 nm. The approach was validated by applying it to similar superlattices reported in the literature and fitting the transmittance spectra of the superlattices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J López-Medina
- CONACYT - Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, UNAM. Km 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada s/n. B.C., C.P. 22800, México
| | - William O F Carvalho
- National Institute of Telecommunications (Inatel), 37540-000, Santa Rita do Sapucaí, MG, Brazil
| | - J Vazquez-Arce
- Centro de Investigación Científica y Educación Superior de Ensenada-CICESE. Ensenada, 22860, México
| | - E Moncada-Villa
- Escuela de Física, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - M H Farías
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Km 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada s/n, Ensenada, B.C., C.P. 22800, México
| | - H Tiznado
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Km 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada s/n, Ensenada, B.C., C.P. 22800, México
| | - J R Mejía-Salazar
- National Institute of Telecommunications (Inatel), 37540-000, Santa Rita do Sapucaí, MG, Brazil
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Lee S, Kang YH, Kim MS, Lee H, Cho YH, Kim M, Yoon TS, Kim HM, Kim KB. Effect of the Bilayer Period of Atomic Layer Deposition on the Growth Behavior and Electrical Properties of the Amorphous In-Zn-O Film. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:39372-39380. [PMID: 32805924 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on the effect of a bilayer period on the growth behavior, microstructure evolution, and electrical properties of atomic layer deposition (ALD) deposited In-Zn-O (IZO) films, fixing the ALD cycle ratio of In-O/Zn-O as 9:1. Here, the bilayer period is defined as the total number of ALD cycles in one supercycle of In-O and Zn-O by alternately stacking Zn-O and In-O layers at a temperature of 220 °C. IZO films with a bilayer period from 10 to 40 cycles, namely, IZO[In-O/Zn-O = 9:1] to IZO[36:4], result to form an amorphous phase with a resistivity of 4.94 × 10-4 Ω·cm. However, by increasing the bilayer period above 100 cycles, the IZO films begin to form a mixed amorphous-nanocrystalline microstructure, resulting from the limited intermixing at the interfaces. Concomitantly, the overall film resistivity is considerably increased with a simultaneous decrease in both the carrier mobility and the concentration. These results not only reveal the importance of the bilayer period in designing the ALD stacking sequence in the ALD-IZO, but also provide the possibility of forming various multilayered materials with different electrical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangbong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ho Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sik Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Ho Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sik Yoon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Myongji University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Mi Kim
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Bum Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Structure and Surface Morphology Effect on the Cytotoxicity of [Al2O3/ZnO]n/316L SS Nanolaminates Growth by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10070620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, different biomedical applications of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and zinc oxide (ZnO) have been studied, and they have displayed good biocompatible behavior. For this reason, this study explores nanolaminates of [Al2O3/ZnO]n obtained by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on silicon (100) and 316L stainless steel substrates with different bilayer periods: n = 1, 2, 5, and 10. The intention is to correlate the structure, chemical bonds, morphology, and electrochemical properties of ZnO and Al2O3 single layers and [Al2O3/ZnO]n nanolaminates with their cytotoxic and biocompatibility behavior, to establish their viability for biomedical applications in implants based on the 316L SS substrate. These nanolaminates have been characterized by grazing incident X-ray diffraction (XRD), finding diffraction planes for wurtzite type structure from zincite. The chemical bonding and composition for both single layers were identified through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The morphology and roughness were tested with atomic force microscopy (AFM), which showed a reduction in roughness and grain size with a bilayer period increase. The thickness of the samples was measured with scanning electron microscopy, and the results confirmed the value of ~210 nm for the nanolaminate samples. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis with Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS) evidenced an evolution of [Al2O3/ZnO]n/316L system corrosion resistance of around 95% in relation with the uncoated steel substrate as function of the increase in the bilayers number. To identify the biocompatibility behavior of these nanolaminate systems, the lactate dehydrogenase test was performed with Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells for a short system of life cell evaluation. This test shows the cytotoxicity of the multilayer compared to the single layers of Al2O3, ZnO, and 316L stainless steel. The lowest cytotoxicity was found in the single layers of ZnO, which leads to cell proliferation easier than Al2O3, obtaining better adhesion and anchoring to its surface.
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Zhou X, Wang L, Liao Q, Qin L. Weldability modification of conductive silver adhesion for piezoelectric composite material by co-doping of metal material and oxide material. Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kiranda HK, Mahmud R, Abubakar D, Zakaria ZA. Fabrication, Characterization and Cytotoxicity of Spherical-Shaped Conjugated Gold-Cockle Shell Derived Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:1. [PMID: 29299709 PMCID: PMC5752660 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of nanomaterial in science has brought about a growing increase in nanotechnology, biomedicine, and engineering fields. This study was aimed at fabrication and characterization of conjugated gold-cockle shell-derived calcium carbonate nanoparticles (Au-CSCaCO3NPs) for biomedical application. The synthetic technique employed used gold nanoparticle citrate reduction method and a simple precipitation method coupled with mechanical use of a Programmable roller-ball mill. The synthesized conjugated nanomaterial was characterized for its physicochemical properties using transmission electron microscope (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). However, the intricacy of cellular mechanisms can prove challenging for nanomaterial like Au-CSCaCO3NPs and thus, the need for cytotoxicity assessment. The obtained spherical-shaped nanoparticles (light-green purplish) have an average diameter size of 35 ± 16 nm, high carbon and oxygen composition. The conjugated nanomaterial, also possesses a unique spectra for aragonite polymorph and carboxylic bond significantly supporting interactions between conjugated nanoparticles. The negative surface charge and spectra absorbance highlighted their stability. The resultant spherical shaped conjugated Au-CSCaCO3NPs could be a great nanomaterial for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Karimah Kiranda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rozi Mahmud
- Department of Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Danmaigoro Abubakar
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Zuki Abubakar Zakaria
- Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia.
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia.
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