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Maurya KC, Chatterjee A, Shivaprasad SM, Saha B. Morphology-Controlled Reststrahlen Band and Infrared Plasmon Polariton in GaN Nanostructures. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:9606-9613. [PMID: 36459090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c03748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to ultrabright and stable blue light emission, GaN has emerged as one of the most famous semiconductors of the modern era, useful for light-emitting diodes, power electronics, and optoelectronic applications. Extending GaN's optical resonance from visible to mid- and-far-infrared spectral ranges will enable novel applications in many emerging technologies. Here we show hexagonal honeycomb-shaped GaN nanowall networks and vertically standing nanorods exhibiting morphology-dependent Reststrahlen band and plasmon polaritons that could be harnessed for infrared nanophotonics. Surface-induced dipoles at the edges and asperities in molecular beam epitaxy-deposited nanostructures lead to phonon absorption inside the Reststrahlen band, altering its shape from rectangular to right-trapezoidal. Excitation of such surface polariton modes provides a novel pathway to achieve far-infrared optical resonance in GaN. Additionally, surface defects in nanostructures lead to high carrier concentrations, resulting in tunable mid-infrared plasmon polaritons with high-quality factors. Demonstration of morphology-controlled Reststrahlen band and plasmon polaritons make GaN nanostructures attractive for infrared nanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Chand Maurya
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
- International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
| | - Abhijit Chatterjee
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
- International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
| | - Sonnada Math Shivaprasad
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
- International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
| | - Bivas Saha
- Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
- International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
- School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore560064, India
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Bolshakov AD, Fedorov VV, Shugurov KY, Mozharov AM, Sapunov GA, Shtrom IV, Mukhin MS, Uvarov AV, Cirlin GE, Mukhin IS. Effects of the surface preparation and buffer layer on the morphology, electronic and optical properties of the GaN nanowires on Si. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:395602. [PMID: 31234150 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab2c0c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The role of Si (111) substrate surface preparation and buffer layer composition in the growth, electronic and optical properties of the GaN nanowires (NWs) synthesized via plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy is studied. A comparison study of GaN NWs growth on the bare Si (111) substrate, silicon nitride interlayer, predeposited AlN and GaO x buffer layers, monolayer thick Ga wetting layer and GaN seeding layer prepared by the droplet epitaxy is performed. It is demonstrated that the homogeneity and the morphology of the NW arrays drastically depend on the chosen buffer layer and surface preparation technique. An effect of the buffer and seeding layers on the nucleation and desorption is also discussed. The lowest NWs surface density of 14 μm-2 is obtained on AlN buffer layer and the highest density exceeding the latter value by more than an order of magnitude corresponds to the growth on the 0.3 ML thick Ga wetting layer. It is shown, that the highest NWs mean elongation rate is obtained with AlN buffer layer, while the lowest elongation rate corresponds to the bare Si (111) surface and it is twice as lower as the first case. It is found, that use of AlN buffer layer corresponds to the most homogeneous NWs array with the smallest length dispersion while the least homogeneous array corresponds to the bare Si substrate. Vertically aligned GaN NWs array on the wide bandgap GaO x semiconductor buffer layer grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition demonstrates its potential for electronic applications. Photoluminescence (PL) study of the synthesized samples is characterized by an intense optical response related to the excitons bound to neutral donors. The highest PL intensity is obtained in the sample with AlN buffer layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Bolshakov
- St. Petersburg Academic University, Khlopina 8/3, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia
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Influence of Structure on Electronic Charge Transport in 3D Ge Nanowire Networks in an Alumina Matrix. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5432. [PMID: 30932001 PMCID: PMC6443690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41942-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate formation of material consisting of three-dimensional Germanium nanowire network embedded in an insulating alumina matrix. A wide range of such nanowire networks is produced using a simple magnetron sputtering deposition process. We are able to vary the network parameters including its geometry as well as the length and width of the nanowires. The charge transport in these materials is shown to be related to the nanowire surface per unit volume of the material, α. For low values of α, transport is characterized by space charge limited conduction and a drift of carriers in the extended states with intermittent trapping-detrapping in the localized states. For large values of α, charge transport occurs through hopping between localized electronic states, similar to observations in disorder-dominated arrays of quantum dots. A crossover between these two mechanisms is observed for the intermediate values of α. Our results are understood in terms of an almost linear scaling of the characteristic trap energy with changes in the nanowire network parameters.
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Fedorov VV, Bolshakov AD, Kirilenko DA, Mozharov AM, Sitnikova AA, Sapunov GA, Dvoretckaia LN, Shtrom IV, Cirlin GE, Mukhin IS. Droplet epitaxy mediated growth of GaN nanostructures on Si (111) via plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00348c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the use of a GaN seeding layer prepared prior to the growth of epitaxial GaN on Si (111) can lead to the formation of oriented arrays of Y-shaped nanoislands and nanowires and affects the surface density of the nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. V. Fedorov
- St. Petersburg Academic University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
| | | | - D. A. Kirilenko
- ITMO University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
- Ioffe Institute
- Saint Petersburg
| | | | | | - G. A. Sapunov
- St. Petersburg Academic University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
| | | | - I. V. Shtrom
- Ioffe Institute
- Saint Petersburg
- Russia
- Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS
- St. Petersburg
| | - G. E. Cirlin
- St. Petersburg Academic University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
- ITMO University
- St. Petersburg
| | - I. S. Mukhin
- St. Petersburg Academic University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
- ITMO University
- St. Petersburg
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