Comparative transcriptome profiling of heat stress response of the mangrove crab Scylla serrata across sites of varying climate profiles

Responses of the mud snail Cipangopaludina cathayensis to thermal stress: Insights from metabolism, oxidative stress damage, and hepatopancreas transcriptional modulation

Global warming linked to climate change poses a significant risk to aquatic animals. Invertebrates, such as Cipangopaludina cathayensis are especially susceptible to elevated temperature. Understanding how C. cathayensis responds to high-temperature stress is crucial for predicting the putative effects of climate change on its cultivation. In this study, we exposed C. cathayensis to various temperature conditions (26 °C, 28 °C, 30 °C, and 32 °C) for 3 h, revealing that both oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates increased gradually with increasing temperature, reaching maximum values of 77.711 ± 2.364 μg·(g·h)-1 and 4.701 ± 0.036 μg·(g·h)-1 at 30 °C and 28 °C, respectively. However, values of these parameters decreased when the culture temperature increased to 32 °C. High-temperature stress also resulted in a reduced O:N ratio and decreased energy metabolism rate. To investigate how high temperature impacts antioxidant activities, immune function, and transcriptional regulation in the hepatopancreas, C. cathayensis were exposed to temperatures of 26 °C or 32 °C for 3 and 7 days, respectively. Our results indicated that high temperature disrupted the antioxidant defense system and led to immunosuppression in the hepatopancreas. Comparative transcriptome analysis identified 6638 genes with significantly altered expression between these two temperature groups. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes demonstrated that high temperature affected protein homeostasis, energy metabolism, and immune function of C. cathayensis. Together, these findings offer valuable information for evaluating the impacts of global warming on the culture of mud snail.

Integration of Transcriptomics and Proteomics Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Eriocheir sinensis Gills Exposed to Heat Stress

Heat stress is an increasingly concerning topic under global warming. Heat stress can induce organisms to produce excess reactive oxygen species, which will lead to cell damage and destroy the antioxidant defense of aquatic animals. Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is sensitive to the change in water temperature, and parent crabs are more vulnerable during the breeding stage. In the present study, the multi-omics responses of parent E. sinensis gills to heat stress (24 h) were determined via transcriptome and proteome. The integrative analysis revealed that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and glutathione s-transferase (GST) were significantly up-regulated at gene and protein levels after heat stress, indicating that HSP70 and the antioxidant system participated in the regulatory mechanism of heat stress to resist oxidative damage. Moreover, the "Relaxin signaling pathway" was also activated at gene and protein levels under 30 °C stress, which implied that relaxin may be essential and responsible for reducing the oxidative damage of gills caused by extreme heat stress. These findings provided an understanding of the regulation mechanism in E. sinensis under heat stress at gene and protein levels. The mining of key functional genes, proteins, and pathways can also provide a basis for the cultivation of new varieties resistant to oxidative stress.