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Zhang J, Dai LM, Li FR, Zhang B, Zhao JH, Cheng JB. A Chinese family of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease identified by whole exome sequencing. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e20413. [PMID: 32481435 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is an autosomal recessive hepatorenal fibrocystic syndrome. The majority of ARPKD patients progress to end-stage renal disease. Precise molecular diagnosis of ARPKD has proven valuable for understanding its mechanism and selecting optimal therapy. METHODS A Chinese family with ARPKD was recruited in current study. The clinical characteristics of ARPKD patient were collected from medical records and the potential responsible genes were studied by the whole exome sequencing (WES). Candidate pathogenic variants were validated by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Both renal manifestation and hepatobiliary phenotype were observed. WES revealed compound heterozygous mutations of polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 genes, NM_138694: c.751G>T, (p.Asp251Tyr) and c.3998_4004delACCTGAA (p.Asn1333Thr fs × 13), which were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Moreover, the mutations in the proband and its affected sib were co-segregated with the phenotype. CONCLUSIONS The novel mutation in polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 gene identified by WES might be molecular pathogenic basis of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital
| | - Li-Meng Dai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- Department of Nephrology, the key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital
| | - Jing-Hong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital
| | - Jin-Bo Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, the key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Kidney Center of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital
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Szabó T, Orosz P, Balogh E, Jávorszky E, Máttyus I, Bereczki C, Maróti Z, Kalmár T, Szabó AJ, Reusz G, Várkonyi I, Marián E, Gombos É, Orosz O, Madar L, Balla G, Kappelmayer J, Tory K, Balogh I. Comprehensive genetic testing in children with a clinical diagnosis of ARPKD identifies phenocopies. Pediatr Nephrol 2018; 33:1713-1721. [PMID: 29956005 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-3992-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is genetically one of the least heterogeneous ciliopathies, resulting primarily from mutations of PKHD1. Nevertheless, 13-20% of patients diagnosed with ARPKD are found not to carry PKHD1 mutations by sequencing. Here, we assess whether PKHD1 copy number variations or second locus mutations explain these cases. METHODS Thirty-six unrelated patients with the clinical diagnosis of ARPKD were screened for PKHD1 point mutations and copy number variations. Patients without biallelic mutations were re-evaluated and screened for second locus mutations targeted by the phenotype, followed, if negative, by clinical exome sequencing. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients (78%) carried PKHD1 point mutations, three of whom on only one allele. Two of the three patients harbored in trans either a duplication of exons 33-35 or a large deletion involving exons 1-55. All eight patients without PKHD1 mutations (22%) harbored mutations in other genes (PKD1 (n = 2), HNF1B (n = 3), NPHP1, TMEM67, PKD1/TSC2). Perinatal respiratory failure, a kidney length > +4SD and early-onset hypertension increase the likelihood of PKHD1-associated ARPKD. A patient compound heterozygous for a second and a last exon truncating PKHD1 mutation (p.Gly4013Alafs*25) presented with a moderate phenotype, indicating that fibrocystin is partially functional in the absence of its C-terminal 62 amino acids. CONCLUSIONS We found all ARPKD cases without PKHD1 point mutations to be phenocopies, and none to be explained by biallelic PKHD1 copy number variations. Screening for copy number variations is recommended in patients with a heterozygous point mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Szabó
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Petronella Orosz
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.,Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University Budapest, Bókay J. u. 53., Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Eszter Balogh
- Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University Budapest, Bókay J. u. 53., Budapest, 1083, Hungary.,MTA-SE Lendulet Nephrogenetic Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eszter Jávorszky
- Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University Budapest, Bókay J. u. 53., Budapest, 1083, Hungary.,MTA-SE Lendulet Nephrogenetic Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Máttyus
- Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University Budapest, Bókay J. u. 53., Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Csaba Bereczki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Maróti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kalmár
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University Budapest, Bókay J. u. 53., Budapest, 1083, Hungary.,MTA-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - George Reusz
- Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University Budapest, Bókay J. u. 53., Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Várkonyi
- Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University Budapest, Bókay J. u. 53., Budapest, 1083, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Marián
- Department of Pediatrics, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg Jósa András County Hospital, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | - Éva Gombos
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Orosz
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Madar
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Balla
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - János Kappelmayer
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Tory
- Ist Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University Budapest, Bókay J. u. 53., Budapest, 1083, Hungary. .,MTA-SE Lendulet Nephrogenetic Laboratory, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - István Balogh
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98., Debrecen, Hungary.
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Melchionda S, Palladino T, Castellana S, Giordano M, Benetti E, De Bonis P, Zelante L, Bisceglia L. Expanding the mutation spectrum in 130 probands with ARPKD: identification of 62 novel PKHD1 mutations by sanger sequencing and MLPA analysis. J Hum Genet 2016; 61:811-21. [PMID: 27225849 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2016.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is a rare severe genetic disorder arising in the perinatal period, although a late-onset presentation of the disease has been described. Pulmonary hypoplasia is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the newborn period. ARPKD is caused by mutations in the PKHD1 (polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1) gene that is among the largest human genes. To achieve a molecular diagnosis of the disease, a large series of Italian affected subjects were recruited. Exhaustive mutation analysis of PKHD1 gene was carried out by Sanger sequencing and multiple ligation probe amplification (MLPA) technique in 110 individuals. A total of 173 mutations resulting in a detection rate of 78.6% were identified. Additional 20 unrelated patients, in whom it was not possible to analyze the whole coding sequence, have been included in this study. Taking into account the total number (n=130) of this cohort of patients, 107 different types of mutations have been detected in 193 mutated alleles. Out of 107 mutations, 62 were novel: 11 nonsense, 6 frameshift, 7 splice site mutations, 2 in-frame deletions and 2 multiexon deletion detected by MLPA. Thirty-four were missense variants. In conclusion, our report expands the spectrum of PKHD1 mutations and confirms the heterogeneity of this disorder. The population under study represents the largest Italian ARPKD cohort reported to date. The estimated costs and the time invested for molecular screening of genes with large size and allelic heterogeneity such as PKHD1 demand the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies for a faster and cheaper screening of the affected subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Melchionda
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Teresa Palladino
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Stefano Castellana
- Bioinformatics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza-Mendel, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Giordano
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - Elisa Benetti
- Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, Women's and Children's Health Department, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Patrizia De Bonis
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Zelante
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Luigi Bisceglia
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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